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EURO-AMERICAN SCIENTIFIC RELATIONS IN THE WAKE OF 9/11 The Plaza Hotel, Oslo May 18, 2005. 14.25-14.50 A European Perspective Ragnhild Sohlberg, Ph.D; Scientific Secretary, EURAB ragnhild.sohlberg@hydro.com. Outline. Some approximate history and ”foresight” Shifts in ”point of gravity” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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EURO-AMERICAN SCIENTIFICRELATIONS IN THE WAKE OF 9/11
The Plaza Hotel, OsloMay 18, 2005
14.25-14.50
A European PerspectiveRagnhild Sohlberg, Ph.D; Scientific Secretary,
EURABragnhild.sohlberg@hydro.com
R.Sohlberg, Euro-American Scientific Relations.ppt
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Outline
Some approximate history and ”foresight” Shifts in ”point of gravity”
Europe today: ”Variable geometry” The Framework Programs and ”INCO” EU-US scientific cooperation US-Norway scientific cooperation Competition or cooperation?
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Before approx. 1400 Asia + Middle East + Med.
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Approx. 1400-2000+? Europe + N. America
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Approx. 2000+ ??? S.E. Asia + N. Pacific?
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0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1950 2000 2050 (med.est.)
Africa
Asia
Lat.Am. & Car.
Europe
North America
Regional Population Trends(mill.)
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Relative investment in R&D(2000)
Source: UNESCO/OECD/St.meld.20 (2004-2005)
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European Paradox
The contradiction between excellence in scientific research and the failure to exploit this for technological and economic benefits
“One of Europe’s major weaknesses lies in its inferiority in terms of transforming the results of technological research and skills into innovations and competitive advantages. “Green Paper on Innovation, 1995
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Norway
EU-15
United States
Expenditure on R&D, as a percentage of GDP, 2002 or latest available year
Japan
China: €64B= 1,1%
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GDP (€ B), 2002
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
EU-15 EU-25 US Japan FP-32
Source: EU,Key figures 2003-2004
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Annual RTD Expenditures (approx. € B, 2001)
EU-15 175 EU-25 178 est. USA 315 Japan 143 China 64..and growing
EU DG RTD (FP6) 5+= ca 3%+ of EU-15
EU DG RTD (FP7) 10? (on the avg. 2007-13)
(leverages other funding sources!)Source: EU Key Figures, 2004, Fig. I-1a
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Not only multiple languages and cultural diversity..
but a diversity of constellations!
Europe???
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EU/EEA/EFTA and USA
EU-15 EU-25 Norway,Iceland,Licht-enstein
Switz-erland
Norway
USA
Popu-lation(mill)
375 450 4.8 7.4 4.5 275
EEA
EFTA
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Participants in EU-RTD 31 + 2 countries
EU-25 Association agreements:
Candidate countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey Non-cand., EEA-countries: Norway, Iceland,
Lichtenstein Non-cand., S&T Association: Switzerland, Israel
(32/49 European countries)http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/iscp/index_en.cfm?
page=Countries&location=Europe
RTD = research andtechnology development
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Areas for cooperation (develop and share knowledge)
High cost, high risk research Infectious diseases related to poverty Biodiversity and environmental sustainability Better/new forms of energy Global warming and climate change Food safety and security of supply Security The demographic challenge Science education and communication Etc… 1+1 > 2?
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EU and INCO
INCO =International (scientific)Cooperation (policy)
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EU and INCO
Proposal for FP7:Opening up of all activities carried out in the thematicareas to researchers and research institutions from all thirdcountries, with a strong effort to encourage them to seizethis opportunity.Specific co-operation actions in each thematic area dedicatedto third countries in the case of mutual interest inco-operating on particular topics.……implemented in coordination with those under “People” and “Capacities”.“Third country” = a State that is neither a Member State nor an associated State.
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EU Thematic Priorities: FP7(2007-2013)
(Using all funding schemes, including international cooperation)
1. Health2. Food, agriculture and biotechnology3. Information and communication technologies4. Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new
production technologies5. Energy6. Environment (incl. climate change)7. Transport (incl. aeronautics)8. Socio-economic sciences and the humanities (new)9. Security and space (security = new)+ Ideas = European Research Council/frontier research
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EU-US scientific cooperation: Statushttp://europa.eu.int/comm/research/headlines/news/article_05_02_08_en.html
EU-US S&T Cooperation Agreement http://www.eurunion.org/legislat/STE/EUUSS&TCoopAgree.htm
”share and exploit the benefits of knowledge” 1st agreement in 1998, renewed 2004 Joint research in meteorology, environment, materials
sciences (incl. nano.tech), non-nuclear and renewable energies (incl. hydrogen), and a joint EU-US task force on biotechnology
ERA-Link http://www.eurunion.org/legislat/STE/ERALink.htm
Approx. 85 000 European-born researchers currently living in the US
Dialogue, seminars (incl. AAAS annual conference, 2005)
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Norway: Borderless research policy
1. Active participation in EU’s FPs2. Strengthening bilateral cooperation
Priority to North America and Japan
3. Attractive host country for research4. Global partner in research Science councellors in Brussels and Wash. DC Technology attachés in the US and Japan, etc. Strategy for research and technology
cooperation with North America, 2004
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Norway as a host nation Transfer of knowledge and competence to and
from Norway Capitalize on national comparative
advantages, e.g. National/geographic (Svalbard, Antarctic,
databases, biobanks and health registers, family trees over generations, etc)
Infrastructure and scientific equipment Strong position in peace research and
conflict resolution
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Common thematic priorities
”Copy cats ”or
Good basis for cooperation?
Collaborate on development/sharing of new knowledge ”Two heads better than one!”
Compete on applications…but collaborate where appropriate
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Both--thank
you!
Competition or cooperation?
Winnie-the-Pooh
Rabbit
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Thank you for
your attention!
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