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EQ: What are the different types of government and who has power in each?
DATE TITLE PAGE 1/12 TYPES OF GOVERNMENT 2
Power • Power is the ability to coerce
someone to do what you want • Legislative power: the power to make
laws • Executive power: the power to execute,
enforce, and administer the law • Judicial power: to interpret laws, to
determine their meaning and settle disputes
EQ: What are the different types of government and who has power in each?
Autocracy • Unlimited power is vested in one
person • Absolute Monarchy
– Hereditary position – Ex. Louis XIV, Saudi Arabia
• Dictatorship – Assume power through force or
persuasion – Ex. Kim Jong-il of North Korea
EQ: What are the different types of government and who has power in each?
Oligarchy • Power is vested in the hands of a few,
usually elites • In most cases, power passed down through
heredity and/or elitist characteristic to preserve influence and power
• Plutocracy or Aristocracy is rule by the wealthy
• Examples: – Sparta – Apartheid South Africa
EQ: What are the different types of government and who has power in each?
Theocracy
• Power is assumed by religious leaders who establish laws and limits based on religious decree
• Examples: – Massachusetts Bay Colony – Islamist Republic of Iran
• The Ayatollah – Holy See/Vatican City
• The Pope
EQ: What are the different types of government and who has power in each?
Totalitarianism • Government assumes all power
and controls all aspects of society • The state may fall under the control
of a single dictator, political party, or group of elites
• Examples: – Benito Mussolini’s Fascist Italy
EQ: What are the different types of government and who has power in each?
Democracy • Rule by many, rule of the people
– Citizens participate in the political process and determine public policy
EQ: What are the different types of government and who has power in each?
Democracy • Direct Democracy
– All citizens determine public policy • Representative Democracy
– Citizens elect representatives to determine public policy
– Republic • People reserve the ultimate authority • Government leaders answer to
electorate • Government limited by constitution
and/or popular sovereignty
EQ: What are the different types of government and who has power in each?
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