ENZYMES 1- 2-. Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions

ENZYMES

1-

2-

Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions.

• Substrate:

• Enzymes are specific.

• Active site:

.

How does an enzyme work?

Enzymes + substrate ES Enzyme + product

What does rate of reaction mean?

How is rate of reaction measured?

A + B C + Enzyme

Is this reaction a synthesis reaction or breaking down reaction?

Enzyme

Structure of enzymes:

• Simple enzymes:

Complex enzymes:

1- proetein part +

(apoenzyme)Inorganic part(cofactor)

Active enzyme

2- proetein part +(apoenzyme)

organic part(coenzyme)

Active enzyme

Naming enzymes• ------------ ase , e.g:

• What is the substarate of lipase?• What kind of reaction is catayist by DNA

polymerase? • How about pepsin, amylase?

Factors that affect enzymatic activity

1- Temperature:

What is the optimum temperature of a human body enzyme?

How does low temperature affect enzymatic activity?

How does high temperature affect enzymatic activity?

2- pH changes

What is the optimum pH of pepsin?

What would happen if you put an enzyme in acidic medium?

What would happen if an enzyme is put in a basic solution?

3- Substrate concentration

Describe how does substrate concentration affect rate of reaction?

4- Enzyme concentration

How does enzyme concentration affect enzymetic activity?

How is enzyme concentration increased?

5- Inhibitor HLInhibitors are the chemicals which bind active site of an enzyme. Eg: cyanade?

Graph? Enzyme inhibitor