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54 Drive a Nail
LIMITED LICENSE TO MODIFY. These PowerPoint® slides may be modified only by teachers currently teaching the SEPUP course to customize the unit to match their students’ learning levels or to insert additional teaching aides. Modified slides may be used only by the modifying teacher in his or her classroom, or shared with other teachers of SEPUP within the teacher’s school district, with these same restrictions. Modified slides may not be taken out of the classroom or distributed to any non-student person or organization. Except for use with students in the classroom, modified slides may not be published in printed or electronic form, including posting on the Internet. Only text may be modified: photographs and illustrations on the slides may not be modified in any way except to change their size.
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Header photo: Sam Howzit | Flickr Creative CommonsSlide Design: Shaun Wegscheid | Fonts: Arial, Kalinga
Title slide photo: Jean Scheijen | FreeImages.com
54 Drive a Nail
Key Vocabulary
• energy• energy transfer• energy transformation• gravitational potential energy• kinetic energy• potential energy• variable
54 Drive a Nail
In what forms, or types, does energy appear?Record your answer in your notebook.
54 Drive a Nail
How can you transfer energy to the nail so that it drives into the foam block?
54 Drive a Nail
What do the following terms mean?
Energy transformation
Energy transfer
54 Drive a Nail
Read the introduction and look for key ideas
54 Drive a Nail
How does the height and mass of an object affect its gravitational potential energy?
54 Drive a Nail
SafetyNails are sharp and can cause injury if misused. Follow the safety your teacher demonstrates.
54 Drive a Nail
Why is it important to hold the rod in the same place every time?
Can you push the rod down each time? Why or why not? Discuss your thoughts with the class.
54 Drive a Nail
What other variables should be controlled in your experiment?
Share your thoughts with the class.
54 Drive a Nail
Complete the procedure and record your dataSCORING GUIDE: Designing Investigations
54 Drive a Nail
Discuss your findings with the classListen to your classmates as they share their results.
54 Drive a Nail
Definition reviewgravitational potential energy
kinetic energy
54 Drive a Nail
What is the difference between gravitational potential energy and potential energy?
Share your thoughts with the class.
54 Drive a Nail
Analysis question 1Which combination of tube height and rod mass transferred the most and least energy to the nail? Explain the evidence you gathered to makethis conclusion.
54 Drive a Nail
Analysis question 2Where was the rod located when there was the most:
a. gravitational potential energy?b. kinetic energy?
54 Drive a Nail
Analysis question 3Do you think that all the energy from the rod transferred to the nail? Describe any evidence that showed it did or did not.
54 Drive a Nail
Analysis question 4How do the following variables affect how much energy is transferred tothe nail?
a. Mass of the rodb. Height of the rodc. Shape of the rod
54 Drive a Nail
Analysis question 5In the situation shown below, how much gravitational potential and kinetic energy does the block have at each position?
a. When released from rest: Potential energy = 100 J
Kinetic Energy = ______b. Halfway down:
Potential energy = ______Kinetic energy = _______
54 Drive a Nail
Analysis question 5In the situation shown below, how much gravitational potential and kinetic energy does the block have at each position?
c. Just before it hits:
Potential energy = 0Kinetic energy = ______
54 Drive a Nail
How does the height and mass of an object affect its gravitational potential energy?
54 Drive a Nail
Key vocabulary definitionsEnergy - The ability to cause objects to change, move, or do work.
Energy transfer - The transfer of energy fromone object to another.
54 Drive a Nail
Key vocabulary definitionsEnergy transformation - The change of energy from one type to another, such as from potential to kinetic.
Gravitational potential energy – Energy stored due to an object’s mass and height.
Kinetic energy - Energy of motion.
54 Drive a Nail
Key vocabulary definitionsPotential energy - Energy of position or stored energy.
Variable - A changing factor. In an experiment, the variable is what is studied, such as the effect of differing concentrations of salt on the growth of plants. The experiment would involve changing the salt concentration (the variable), while trying to keep all other factors the same.
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