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Energy Audit
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AN AIESEC & ECOZEN SOLUTIONS INITIATIVE
2010
Energy Audit,
IIT Kharagpur Preliminary Audit Synopsis
U N D E R T H E G U I D A N C E O F P R O F E S S O R N . K . K I S H O R E & D R . P B A J P A I
2
Introduction
The energy consumption facts for IIT Kharagpur, including the Institute campus and the off-campus pumping stations at
Anicut and Balrampur are:
Gross Annual Energy Consumption: 1,38,000 GJ (95,000 GJ in electricity + 43,000 GJ in fossil fuels)
Total Annual Electricity Consumption: 2,64,28,079 kWh (Mar ’09 – Feb ’10)
Approximate per capita consumption of electricity: 2402 kWh/year
Total Annual Electricity Bill: INR 11,18,20,656
Gross Annual Carbon footprint in equivalent tons of CO2 : 25,000 tons
Energy Balance of IIT Kharagpur
Fi gure 1: Energy Balance of IIT Kharagpur
The usage of electricity in IIT Kharagpur Campus is distributed as given below:
Figure 1: Area wise distribution Figure 2: Sector wise distribution
IIT Kharagpur Campus + Pumping Stations
Total Annual Electricity Consumption
95 ,000 GJ/yr [2,64,28,079 kWh/yr]
Pumps
2.5%
Illumination
25.65%
Air Circulation
4.48%
Computers
9.37%
HVAC
26%
Lab apparatus
and machines
35%
Fossil Fuels
[43 TJ]
Academic
Residential
Comertial
Others
26.01%
19.80%
5.86%9.37%
4.48%
34.49%
HVAC
Illumination
Street Lights
Computer
Air Circulation
Others
3
Proposals for reducing energy consumption and energy wastage – [Infrastructural Changes]
o Proposal 1:
• Replacement of HPSV streetlights by LED lights.What
• Streetlights currently account for 5.8% of IITKharagpur’s electricity bill.
• LED’s are up to 52% more efficient and 1.4 timeseconomical in the long run.
Why
• Phase I: Replacement along Shahid TarakeshwarRoad and 2.2 circuit.
• Replacement would lead to approx. 58% savings inthe target patch.
How
• Phase I investment: INR 36.8 lacs
• Simple payback period: 53 monthsCost
• Modernization of corridor illumination system
• Install motion sensors, master switches and timers
What
• Contributes 1.81 % to Kharagpur’s electricity bill, excluding Hostels.
• No. of appliances are way more than required.Why
• Replace tubes with CFL's
• Motion sensors in low utilization areas
• Master switches in high utilization areasHow
• Phase I: INR 92,000 for installation of motion sensors in 60% of corridors
• INR 50,000 approx. for master switchesCost
Proposal
1 Infrastructural
Proposal
2
Infrastructural
4
o Proposal 1:
• Renovation of illumination system of Central Library
• Motion sensors, reduction in lightsWhat
• Certain areas in central library have light intensity twice as required
• Utilization at many places is extremely lowWhy
• Reducing the number of lights
• Using motion sensors
• Repositioning lights in some placesHow
• Phase I: INR 50,000 approx. for motion sensors
• INR: 50,000 for rewiringCost
• Installation of online energy meters for academiccomplex and halls.What
•The Academic Complex and halls together accountfor 67% of the institute's total electricityconsumption.
•Lack of awareness and energy accounting.Why
• A web portal to monitor and display energyconsumption in real time.
• Increase in awareness and consciousness facilitatingwastage reduction
How
• Phase I investment: INR 16.4 lacs (approx)
• Payback period: Depends on users' initiativesCost
Proposal
3
Infrastructural
Proposal
4
Infrastructural
5
Proposals for reducing energy consumption and energy wastage – [Behavioral Changes]
o Proposal 1:
•Assigning targets to departments and halls to reduce consumptionWhat
•Departments are not aware of the wastages occurring due to poor monitoring
•No monitoring implies no awareness amongst students
Why
•Holding inter-hall contests as an incentive to initiateenergy conservation.
•Similarly having a rating system for departments andproviding incentives accordingly.
How
•Launching an aggressive 'Go Green' Campaign.What
•Awareness among the IIT community is the first stepto ensure an energy efficient campus.
•IIT KGP should be a part of the world-wide GreenMovement
Why
•Vigorous campaigning via posters, presentations, competitions and workshops.How
Proposal
1 Behavioral
Proposal
2 Behavioral
6
Total 861 tons (100%)
New Academic Complex =
510 (59.2%)
Central Library/Netaji Auditorium = 100 (11.6%)
Bio Technology Department = 80 (9.3%)
E & ECE Department = 80 (9.3%)
CSE Department = 45 (5.2%)
Remote Sensing
(ISRO) = 30 (3.5%)
Mechanical Engineering Department = 16 (1.9%)
HHHeeeaaatttiiinnnggg,,, VVVeeennntttiiilllaaatttiiiooonnn aaannnddd AAAiiirrr CCCooonnndddiiitttiiiooonnniiinnnggg (((HHHVVVAAACCC))) AAAuuudddiiittt
Distribution of tonnage Centralized Air-Conditioning plants in IIT Kharagpur campus
Distribution of Calculated Cooling load of New Academic complex (Total = 510 tons)
Takshila65%
Lecture Halls15%
Seminar Halls3%
Kalidas13%
SMST4%
7
o Proposal 1:
• Installation of stand alone air conditioning system tohandle the cooling requirements of critical rooms inthe New Academic Complex
What
• To turn off the main chiller plant when only coolingof critical rooms is requiredWhy
•Long Distance Piping Packaged Air Conditioners(LDPPAC): 4 units of 22 tons each
•Verticool Split Air Conditioner (VSAC) : 7 units of 2.5tons , 11 units of 3.5 tons and 7 units of 4.5 tons
How
•LDPPC: Cost- INR. 26.40 lacs , Payback period- 8.5months
•VSAC: Cost- INR. 19.10 lacs, Payback period- 5.7months
Cost
•Usage of extra 510 tons available in the chiller plantof the New Academic Complex as district coolingplant
What
• Old and inefficient cooling systems in different partsof the campus
•Replacing them by more efficient chiller plant ofRamanujan Complex
Why
•Installation of underground insulated pipes alongwith pumps to supply chilled water to other smallplants of the campus
How
•Cost of installation:INR. 10 lacs
•Payback period: 2.4 yearsCost
Proposal
1 Infrastructural
Proposal
2
Infrastructural
8
Fossil Fuels Audit
The end usage of fossil fuels in IIT Kharagpur Campus is given below:
GJ/month Tons CO2/month
Static Sources 1708.8 126.4
Mobile Sources 2612.2 60.5
Figure 1: Energy Consumption among static and mobile sources
• To reduce inflitration
• To set inside temperature at 25 degree celcius
What
• To reduce extra cooling load of conditioned spaceWhy
• Creating awareness among people• Using spring loaded door instead of
sliding door. How
Proposal
3
Behavioral
9
Figure 2: Energy Consumption among static sources Figure 3: Energy Consumption among mobile sources
Figure 4: Distribution of Energy Consumption
LPG KEROSENE CHARCOAL DIESEL
Motorcycle59%
Auto Rickshaws
1%City Car17%
Heavyweight Vehicles
17%
Taxi6%
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
LPG KEROSENE CHARCOAL DIESEL
1158
5896
130
208
12 8 39
Ene
rgy
GJ/
mo
nth Hall of Residence
Restaurants
Techmarket
Main Complex
10
Proposals for reducing energy consumption and energy wastage – [Infrastructural Changes]
Proposal 1:
• Building Biogas plants to treat the food waste from mess kitchensWhat
• The biogas generated can be used as a substitute for LPGWhy
• Build two different Biogas Plants capabable of treating 650 kg/day of food waste eachHow
• Phase I investment: INR 3.25 lacs
• Simple payback period: 1 yearCost
•Installation of Solar cooker for boiling water in themess kitchensWhat
• Solar cookers provide an efficient and grean way toboil water
•LPG currently used for boiling water can be savedusing this renewable energy source
Why
• Installing a Scheffler type solar cooker and doingthe civil work involvedHow
•Phase I investment: INR 55,000
•Simple payback period: 3 yearsCost
Proposal
1 Infrastructural
Proposal
2
Infrastructural
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