View
217
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Emergency communications for European citizens
Olivier PAUL-MORANDINIFounder – President
European Emergency Number Association - EENA
From Accidents to Disasters
15 May 2007
15th World Congress on Disaster and Emergency Medicine (WADEM 2007)
• Introduction
• Citizens calling emergency services
• Communication btw emergency services
• Warning and alerting Citizens
• Conclusions
Contents
• Europeans travel for leisure and business– 100 million Europeans cross the intra EU
borders every year
• 65% feel less protected when abroad– They ignore risks and language– They think that emergency services are less
well organised,– …
Two words about Europeans
Citizens112
Authorities
Sirens, Radio, TV,
GSMs
Special NetworksSpecial Networks
Emergency services
Emergency telecommunications
112 Statistics
CGALIES, 80-100 million Emergency calls
40 million from GSM3,5 million bad caller location
information loss of time
2,5 without caller location information
no help sent
– 5 000 more lives could be saved every year in the EU – 5 000 000 000€ saved by emergency services
DECO en 2003…in Portugal
1000 calls to the 112 evaluated
– 15% Spanish and Portuguese– 20% French – 29% EnglishNever got help
Between 15% et 30% of emergency calls are handled inappropriately or not at all !
2/3 of Europeans are unaware of the 112 !
• Knowledge of the 112– Campaigns, One number
• Possibility to launch a call– Network availability, Disabled users
• The call is answered– Call center organisation, Multilingualism
• The call is handled– Τraining of operators, Standards
• Help is on its way– Available ressources, Caller localisation
• Help arrives– Minimal response time standard
• Caller is taken care of– Quality criteria and standards
112 service chain
• Universal Service Directive 2002/22 (art. 6, 7, 26)
– Directive 2002/58 – Privacy (art. 9, 10)
• Availability in parallel with national numbers
• Free of charge
• Calls appropriately answered and handled
• Localisation data (in transparent way)
• Adequate information about existence and use
112 legal obligations
• EENA petitioned the European Parliament
• European Commission more active– Conference in October 2005 - 112 is a priority – Eurobarometer– 13 infringements, e-call …
• ETSI EMTEL Working Group …
Compare with USA
• Hillary Clinton – ENHANCE 911 act (2004)
112 - Current situation
• Analog vs. Digital• Spectrum bands
– Narrowband, wideband, broadband– Citizens’ Band, Amateurs
• Technologies– TETRA, TETRAPOL (380-395 MHz) – GSM (800-900, 1800 MHz)
• GSM/BOSS, Germany, Vodaphone• StateWide Network, New York State, M/A-COM Inc.
– Wi-Fi (2,4 – 5 GHz)• Several Research Projects in Europe• Citywide Mobile Wireless Network, New York City, Northrop
Grumman
• Terrestrial vs. Satellite systems
Overview
• MESAETSI and TIA
• U-2010 projectUbiquitous IP-centric Government & Enterprise NGN Vision 2010
• ORCHESTRAOpen Architecture and Spatial Data Infrastructure for Risk Management
• WIDENSWireless Deployable Network System
• WINWide Information Network
• DeHiGate Deployable High Capacity Gateway for Emergency Services
Interesting on-going projects
• Lesson learnt from 11/9 and 7/7– Communications within and between the
emergency services did not stand up on 7 July …(London Assembly report on 7/7/2005
attacks)
• European Security Research Programme
• Common Emergency Communication and Information System (CECIS)– Community Mechanism for Civil Protection
Interoperability
• Traffic contol and road accidents
• Approaching chemical or nuclear cloud
• Threat of terrorist attacks
• Upcoming extreme weather conditions
• Tsunamis
• …
Urgent needs
• RDS (Radio Data System)
• Interconnected radio and TV stations
• Mobile telephones
• Sirens (audible signals)
• Bells
But no general, global solution in the EU !
Available technologies
• Safety and health signs at work (Directive 92/58/EEC)– Continuous acoustic signal for evacuation– Regular checks
• Seveso installations (Directive 96/82/EC)– Organisation of alert and intervention – Early warning, alert and information of the public
• Radiological Emergencies (Directive 89/618/Euratom)– Alert and information of the public– Aplies to transport
• Authorisation Directive (2002/20/EC)– Use of networks during disasters for broadcasts to the public
• Transport of dangerous goods– Safety in tunnels
Legal obligations
• Extremelly fragmented • Cell Broadcast (group SMSs) (ETSI mandate)• CHORIST project
– Alerts from heterogeneous sensors / multiple agencies to citizens
• Some work at UN level– Conferences on Early Warning Systems for the
Reduction of Natural Disasters and reports
• Legal obligation for warning & alert in upgrading of Civil Protection Mechanism (under discussion)
Current situation
• US - Proposed «Federal Interoperable Communications and Safety (FICS) Act» (Hillary Clinton, May 25, 2006).– Undersecretary for Emergency Communications and Office of
Emergency Communications– National Emergency Communications Strategy– State-wide Interoperable Communications Plans– National assessment of the nation’s interoperability capabilities– Emergency Preparedness Centre– National Alert System
• EU - European Public Safety Communication (PSC) Forum (relatively small project)
Europe behind the US
• The response demonstrated a lack of consideration of the individuals …
• Procedures … focus too much on incidents, rather than on individuals and on processes rather than people. …
• Plans tend to cater for the needs of the emergency … services, rather than explicitly addressing the needs and priorities of the people involved.
– (London Assembly report on 7/7/2005 attacks)
Towards a more Citizen-centered approach ?
• Knowledge of the 112 is a fundamental citizens’ right
• Citizens calling the 112 should get the appropriate help, as soon as possible, at the place of the emergency
• Citizens are entitled to the same high quality safety and security standards and should receive the same high quality aftercare in case of accident or disaster
• Citizens in a disaster prone area have the fundamental right to be warned and informed in order to ensure their auto-protection
EENA believes that …
• Non-profit association established in Belgium.
• Works to promote the knowledge & efficient use of the 112, in Europe– by acting as a discussion platform bringing
together all the actors (organizations, emergency services, enterprises and individuals) involved
• Is also active in the field of early warning of citizens in disaster prone areas
What is the EENA
Contact the EENA
• Web: www.eena.org
• E-mail: info@eena.org
• Post: EENA262 Avenue Louise,B-1050 BrusselsBELGIUM
Recommended