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Computer Crime & Intellectual Property Section
Email Investigations An Introduction Email Investigations An Introduction
Al ReesTrial Attorney
Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section (CCIPS)Criminal Division, U.S. Department of Justice
August 2009 2
CCIPSUSDOJ
Understanding email basics
Collecting email and associated data
Finding information in email messages
August 2009 3
CCIPSUSDOJ
Understanding email basics
Collecting email and associated data
Finding information in email messages
August 2009 4
CCIPSUSDOJ
Requirements for EmailRequirements for Email
Email applicationComputer-based applicationWeb-based email (webmail)Generates an email address
Internet connectionRelies on an Internet Protocol (IP) address
Service providerInternet service provider (ISP)Webmail service provider
August 2009 5
CCIPSUSDOJ
albert.rees@usdoj.gov
Email AddressEmail Address
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CCIPSUSDOJ
149.101.1.120
IP AddressIP Address
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CCIPSUSDOJ
INTERNETINTERNET
E-Mail BasicsE-Mail Basics
E-mail travels from sender to recipient’s host, where it resides on a MAIL SERVERMAIL SERVER until therecipient retrieves it
SENDER’S ISPRECIPIENT’S ISP
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CCIPSUSDOJ
Understanding email basics
Collecting email and associated data
Finding information in email messages
August 2009 9
CCIPSUSDOJ
INTERNETINTERNET
Evidence of Past Activity – ContentEvidence of Past Activity – Content
Copies of a previously sent e-mail message may be stored on the
sender’s systemrecipient’s mail server(even after addressee has read it)recipient’s own machine
SENDER’S ISPRECIPIENT’S ISP
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CCIPSUSDOJ
INTERNETINTERNET
Evidence of Past Activity – Traffic DataEvidence of Past Activity – Traffic Data
A record of the e-mail transmission (date, time, source, destination) usually resides in the MAIL LOGSMAIL LOGS of the
sender’s systemrecipient’s mail server
SENDER’S ISPRECIPIENT’S ISP
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CCIPSUSDOJ
Gathering Evidence of Past Activity Gathering Evidence of Past Activity
Evidence on a computer or networkSearch and seizureImaging and analyzing
Evidence with a service providerData preservation or retentionAbility to provide evidenceLegal proceduresInternational considerations
LegalProcess
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CCIPSUSDOJ
Prospective Evidence – ContentProspective Evidence – Content
Interception, “wiretap”Creates a “cloned” account
WiretapOrder
INTERNETINTERNET
SUBJECT’S ISPSUBJECT’S COMPUTER
LAW ENFORCEMENT
COMPUTER
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CCIPSUSDOJ
INTERNETINTERNET
Prospective Evidence – Traffic DataProspective Evidence – Traffic Data
Install a pen/trap at user’s ISP to discover who corresponds with the user
SUBJECT’S ISP
Pen/TrapOrder
LAW ENFORCEMENT
SUBJECT’S COMPUTER
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CCIPSUSDOJ
Understanding email basics
Collecting email and associated data
Finding information in email messages
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CCIPSUSDOJ
Finding Information in EmailFinding Information in Email
ContentSubjectBodyAttachmentsLinks
Traffic dataSender and recipientRouting informationDate and time
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CCIPSUSDOJ
ContentContent
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CCIPSUSDOJ
ContentContent
Subject line
Body
Attachments
Hyperlinks
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Email HeadersEmail Headers
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Traffic DataTraffic Data
When created
How created
When sent
When received
Who sent and received
Routing
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CCIPSUSDOJ
Email Analysis: A Starting PointEmail Analysis: A Starting Point
Iterative process
Generates leads
Direct evidence
Timeline analysis
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CCIPSUSDOJ
Timeline of EventsTimeline of Events
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CCIPSUSDOJ
IssuesIssues
Spoofing
Phishing
Spamming
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In Closing…In Closing…
Understanding email basics
Collecting email and associated data
Finding information in email messages
…any questions?…any questions?
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CCIPSUSDOJ
Al ReesTrial Attorney, CCIPS
albert.rees@usdoj.gov(202) 514-1026
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