Electronics the Art of Blasting turned Blasting Science

Electronics� the Art of Blasting turned Blasting Science

Sandy Tavelli / John Alkins

The Search for a Better Way

� Detonator technology has evolved

over the decades from goose quills

filled with black powder to computer

chips

� Explosives Engineering has

evolved from what was once

thought only as an “Art form”�into thought only as an “Art form”�into

a science and engineering

discipline.

� What was once only theoretical is

now practical with evolution of

products and timing precision.

A Better Way is here�

� Blast designs that were once

thought impossible are now

quite easy to achieve.

� Explosive energy optimization

is finally able to be controlled

to the exact millisecondto the exact millisecond

� Explosive engineering can

now be used to create “Art”..

So What is an Electronic Detonator

� Three type of chemical

delay detonators on left:

Fuse Caps / Shock Tube

/ Electric Detonators

� Electronics utilize a

stored energy device stored energy device

(capacitor) and

Microchip (ASIC) for

energy to run a timer

� They are NOT electrics

� They are NOT

non-electrics

�

What is Precision and Accuracy

Precise�

Not Accurate

Not Accurate

Not Precise

Average Time

Not AccurateNot Precise

Accurate�

Not Precise

Accurate�

AND Precise

Pyrotechnic VS Electronics� Scatter

�All detonators have some level of

“cap scatter”

�Electronics are measured in micro-

seconds VS milliseconds

�Electronics virtually eliminates

Please note: The pyrotechnics used in this

demonstration include 900ms in hole caps

coupled in some examples with fast surface

delays to represent a worst case scenario.

Dyno Nobel manufactures an outstanding non-

electric product range, which continues to

service the bulk of our market requirements.�Electronics virtually eliminates

scatter < 1ms typical

�There has always been an issue of

design VS actual timing

�Just how important that

becomes�depends on products,

designs, and blasting constraints

�Video of 900ms Pyros VS 1000ms

Electronics

service the bulk of our market requirements.

Pyrotechnic VS Electronics� Scatter

900 ms Pyrotechnic Delays

1000 ms Electronic Delays

0 ms – Time Zero

918912 914 902 918912916 912 908 914

Actual Firing Times

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

8ms Rule� fact or fiction

�The 8ms Rule is a challenge meet if

using pyrotechnics

�Not to mention not even applicable

anymore if using electronics

�Today’s modeling and field validation

shows that 1 – 2 ms can be very critical

�tst2.avi

shows that 1 – 2 ms can be very critical

for vibration control and frequency

manipulation

�Electronics virtually eliminates

concerns

�“On any given day” proper sequencing

with pyrotechnics is dependent on lot

selection, temps, statistical probability

of the cap scatter

8ms Rule� fact or fiction

Actual Firing Times

1059

966938 972 980 1000916924 1014 1024 1014

1068 1077 1086 1095 1104 1113 1122 1131 1140

909 ms Pyrotechnic Delays - Start

1059 ms Electronic Delays - Start

0 ms – Time Zero

9 ms Delay between each hole

1059 1068 1077 1086 1095 1104 1113 1122 1131 1140

8ms Rule� fact or fiction

8ms Rule� fact or fiction

Putting in all together

�Cumulative effects of both surface delay

detonators AND the In-hole detonators

can have big effect on blast outcomes

�The test demonstration, 25ms between

holes, 500ms in-hole and184ms between

rows Pyro VS Electronic Initiation.rows Pyro VS Electronic Initiation.

�Note the variability in within the pyro

shot.

�What does cumulative error impact?

Vibration�..

� Fragmentation�..

� Wall Stability�..

� etc.

tst3.avi

�tst4.avi

Putting in all together - Pyrotechnics

0 ms – Time Zero

25ms

184ms

46ms 16ms 30ms 20ms 32ms 34ms 20ms

22ms 28ms 34ms 12ms 42ms 32ms 24ms

226ms

Pyrotechnic Delays

184ms40ms 22ms 26ms 22ms 26ms 28ms40ms

226ms

204ms

Putting in all together - Electronic

0 ms – Time Zero0 ms – Time Zero

25ms

184ms

25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms

25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms

184ms

Electronic Delays

184ms25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms25ms

184ms

184ms

Explosive Detonation� Increased Value

�Another Old Rule of Thumb -

Borehole priming with two primers on

different delays� bottom-hole

priming!

�What if� Decrease the time to �What if� Decrease the time to

detonate a column by HALF!

�What can this mean�? Better

fragmentation�

�Even less potential for borehole

explosive velocity causing

overlapping of energy release

(remember 1-2 ms can make a

difference.)�tst5.avi

Explosive Detonation� Increased Value

Underground Value

�Whether its Horizontal Development

or Production blasting� electronics

provide an even more significant

value and production opportunity

�UG blasting generally relies on LP -

Long Period delays

�Production blasting has always been �Production blasting has always been

limited in size of shots and risk of out

of sequencing of holes in a blast due

to the extreme delays required

�Development blasting and in

particular perimeter holes / timing

control can be greatly affected by

delay scatter

tst6.avi

�tst7.avi

Underground Value

�.

�..\Video root folder\Pyro-t.avi �.\Video root folder\Hybrid.avi

Flexibility of Timing Minimal Storage

Flexibility of Timing Minimal Storage

�One cap needed, just

variable lead lengths in

inventory�

�Total flexibility of timing

design in 1ms increments

�Not locked into a design

even within a shot...even within a shot...

�Finally can execute on any

design and the actual will

match.

�Up to the blast time design

changes��Tst8.avi

Flexibility of Timing

33ms

33ms

Time Zero

66ms

66ms

66ms

3ms

66ms

33ms

7001150 1150

� In addition to Precision AND

Accuracy, one of the most

significant features and

benefits that electronic

detonator technology

provide is their ability to

communicate.

� Communication provides

Communications and Testing�

� Communication provides

the ability to test for

functionality “in the hole”.

� Safety and Security is

increased through in ability

for unauthorized use.

� Communication takes place

with Inherently safe

equipment.

THANK YOU

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