ECOSYSTEMS (relationships and competition for limiting factors )

ECOSYSTEMS(relationships and

competition for limiting factors )

Ecosystems…Include all the different organisms living in a certain area and the physical environment

Ecosystems… Do not have clear boundaries between them… organisms move from one

ecosystem to another

ORGANISM: one individual living

thing

ONE red zebra fish

SPECIES- Group of organisms able to reproduce

fertile offspring that resemble each other

all red zebra fish

POPULATION: group of individuals of the same species living in the

same area

all red zebra fish living in Bobcat Lake

COMMUNITY: group of interacting populations of different species in the same

area

all red zebra fish, snails, seaweed, and purple fish living

in Bobcat Lake

ECOSYSTEM: a community

and the abiotic factors that affect it

PRODUCERS•Form the base

of all ecosystems

•Organisms that make their own

food (by photosynthesis)

CONSUMERS•Depend on producers for

survival•Organisms that eat producers or other consumers •PRIMARY- eat producers•SECONDARY- eat other consumers

PRIMARY

CONSUMERS

SECONDARY

CONSUMERS

•Organisms that digest producers and consumers when they die

DECOMPOSERS &

SCAVENGERS

•DECOMPOSERS- organisms that break down dead organisms & release nutrients back into the ecosystem

•SCAVENGERS-

animals that eat

organisms killed

by a predator-

vultures and

opossums

HABITAT- The actual place where an organism lives

NICHE- An organism’s way of life, all

the things it does to survive

HABITAT- The actual place where an organism lives

Which populations share the same habitat? Niche?

Food webs • show the

interaction of all the types of organisms in an environment.

• show how energy flows in an ecosystem

Ecosystems are made up of….

ABIOTIC

FACTORS-

nonliving parts

of the

ecosystem

BIOTIC FACTORS- living parts of the

ecosystem

Organisms need certain biotic and abiotic factors for survival.

These flowers need abiotic factors of water, sunlight and the right

temperature to grow

DEPENDENCE

COMPETITIONRelationship between species in

which they attempt to use the same biotic or abiotic factor

2 plants on the forest

floor competing for

sunlight

Hyena and lion fight over the same animal carcass

HABITAT- The actual place where an organism lives

How might the hyena and the cheetah compete for a biotic factor?

How might the primary consumers compete for an abiotic factor in the

African grassland?

PREDATION

One organism kills

and eats another

PREY-

one that

is eaten

PREDATOR- one that does the eating

Can you name a predator-prey in the food web?

PARASITISM

Organisms that live in or on another

organism and feed on it without

immediately killing it

The parasite takes its

nourishment from the

host.

Can you name a predator-prey?How do the fox and hawk compete?

Can you name the abiotic factors?

Can you name the biotic factors?

Can you name a producer-consumer?

Fish eating algae off a sea turtle shell provides food for fish while cleaning the

turtle shell

MUTUALISMCooperati

ve partnershi

p between

two species.

BOTH SPECIES BENEFIT

!

Relationship in which one species is helped and the other is neither helped

nor harmed

COMMENSALISM

Remoras and Sharks:

remoras attach themselves to sharks & feed on scraps of food left over

from the shark’s meals