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8/9/2019 Econimic Development and Pollution of India
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Presented by
Gopi GosaiAmit Gurav Sachin Ghulyani
A
Presentation on
Economic Development & Pollution
Zeel SharmaHitesh Aswani
Presented to :
Prof. Nisarg Joshi
Dt: 06/04/2010
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Content
Economic Development
and Pollution.
Changing role ofGovernment.
Increased Pollution
Levels.
Regulations and its
impact on business &
industry.
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India: From 1991-2008
16 Years
6 Government
5 Prime Ministers
ALL ARE AIMING FOR ONE THINGTHAT IS 8% GDP GROWTH
GDP Growth Forex FII Flow FDI Per
Capita
Inflation
1990 4.9 percent < USD 1 billion USD 1 million
(1993)
USD 97 million USD 390 9 percent
2008* 8.7 percent USD 309 billion as
on Mar 28, 2008
USD 16.1 billion
in 2007-08
USD 12.7 billion
in 2007-08 till
December (USD
16 billion in
2006-07)
USD 740 7.4 percent
as on March
29, 2008
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India's GDP at Current Prices: 2002-07
469 556638 737
8301006
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
(AE)
USDB
illi
India: in terms of GDP & Development of sectors
AE - Advance Estimates
Fastest GDP growth of 9.4 percent in 2006-07, since last 18 years (at constant
prices)
Indias GDP has witnessed high growth, and was the second fastest growing
GDP after China in 2006-07
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Per Sector Performances
105 105 135 145176
103 125204 231
270
561
191237
398453
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1999-00 2002-03 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
USD
Billion
Agriculture Industry Services
The sound performance of each industry segment is
leading to the overall robust performance of the Indian
economy
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India: Robust Economic Platform
India's For
x Reserves: 2001-08 (Till 28 Mar
h 2008)
5475
112
141 152
199
309
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
(Till28
March)
USD
Billion
External Debt-to-GDP Ratio
21.120.4
17.817.3
15.816.4
10
13
16
19
22
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07
Ratio
Steadily
increasing Forexreserves offer
adequate
security against
any possible
currency crisis or
monetary
instability
Increased
confidence of
investors in
Indian
companies hasled to a surge in
cross border
borrowing by
corporate houses
In 2007-08 (till 28 March),Forex reserves witnessed a
growth of approximately 55
percent over 2006-07.
Indias Forex
reserves are in
excess of external
debt
the decreasingexternal debt to GDP
ratio indicates that India
has a sound economic
platform
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India: Surging Exports
India' Imports: 2002-08
6278
112
150
191 192
0
50
100
150
200
250
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
(April-
De ember)*
USDB
illi
I ia's Exp rts:2002-08
5364
84
103
126 124
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
(April-
De
ember)*
USDB
illi
Petroleum products
are the majorcontributors towards
Indias growing imports
Quality and cost
advantage are the two
important parameters
leveraged by the Indian
producers to increasingly
market products and
services* - 2007-08 provisional data for period of April to December only
* - 2007-08 provisional data for period of April to December only
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Net FII into India: 2001-07
1.8
0.6
10.0 10.29.4
6.7
16.1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
USDB
illio
149 percent
Increase
India: Attractive Investment Destination
With improved performance on PE ratio and ROE, Indian markets have attracted large investments
FDI Inflow - India: 2001-08
4,2223,134
2,634
3,755
5,546
15,730
12,699
0
4,500
9,000
13,500
18,000
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 (t il l
December)
USD
Millio
185 percent
Increase
Electronic equipment,
manufacturing and telecom
have witnessed significant FDI
inflow
Large FII activity inIndia has led to an
upsurge in the
Sensex
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India: Vibrant Capital Market
FIIs have infused
large investments
into the Indian
stock market
Encouraging
industry
performance
Increased local
investors
confidence
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
1-Jul
-97
1-Jan-
98
1-Jul
-98
1-Jan-
99
1-Jul
-99
1-Jan-
00
1-Jul
-00
1-Jan-
01
1-Jul
-01
1-Jan-
02
1-Jul
-02
1-Jan-
03
1-Jul
-03
1-Jan-
04
1-Jul
-04
1-Jan-
05
1-Jul
-05
1-Jan-
06
1-Jul
-06
1-Jan-
07
1-Jul
-07
1-Jan-
08
11 December
2007 Crossed20,000 mark
07 February 2006
Crossed 10,000 mark30 December 1999
Crossed 5,000 mark
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Major M&A Deals Undertaken Abroad by India Inc.
USD 12.1 billionUSD 12.1 billionTata Steel buys Corus PlcTata Steel buys Corus Plc
USD 6 billionUSD 6 billionHindalco acquired Novelis Inc.Hindalco acquired Novelis Inc.
USD 2.3 billionUSD 2.3 billionTata buys Jaguar and Land RoverTata buys Jaguar and Land Rover
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USD 1.6 billionUSD 1.6 billionSuzlon Energy Ltd. acquires
REpower
Suzlon Energy Ltd. acquires
REpower
USD 11 billionUSD 11 billionVodafone buys HutchVodafone buys Hutch
Bharti buys stake in ZainBharti buys stake in ZainUSD 10.7 billionUSD 10.7 billion
Major M&A Deals Undertaken Abroad by India Inc.
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Latest Indian Economy
Data
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Video
A glimpse of Indian economy from youtube
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Changing Role of Government
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Introduction:
The market is the most appropriate instrument for
realizing economic growth & improving human
welfare
In the three and a half decades between 1960 &1995, government western economies assumed new
role & expanded existing ones.
As a result, in the 35 year period from 1960 onwards
the central government expenditure rose from less
than 20% of GDP to over 30%.
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ECONOMIC ROLES OF THE
GOVERNMENT after 1991:
That is Globalization, Liberalization
and Privatization took place
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As Regulator:
Laws & Policies were made to assure that
competition is maintained if not enhanced
The Antitrust laws The Government today prefers to rely more on
fiscal and monetary measures
Todays regulatory structure consists of old
and new.
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As Promoter:
Infrastructure development
Introduction to advanced technical process
Promotion of Financial institution to functionas development agencies
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As Planner
Adoption of economic planning after world
war-II for
- Achieving higher Growth rate- Better standard of living
- Efficient allocation of resources
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As Facilitator
State-owned utilities provide electricity, gas
and water.
Also play a significant role in transport andcommunications.
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After this facts andfigures
where we want to focus
is that
how this development
has negatively affected
humanity
andnature..???
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What is Pollution?
It is contamination of Earths environment withmaterials that interfere with human health, thequality of life, or the natural functioning ofecosystems (living organisms and their physicalsurroundings).
Introduction by man, waste matter or surplus
energy into the environment, which directly orindirectly causes damage to man and hisenvironment.
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What can we do?
Such as:
Copenhagen meet
Carbon creditpolicy
Small but effective
individual efforts
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The Indian Fisheries Act, 1897
Indian Ports Act, 1908
The Indian Forest Act, 1927
HAZARDOUS WASTES
(MANAGEMENT AND HANDLING)AMENDMENT RULES, 2003
Environment Regulations in India
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IMPACT
High compliance costs
Entire value chain
From the manufacturing of a product to thegeneration and disposal of waste and the reporting
of release of hazardous wastes,
High investment in clean technology
Small scale industries will be the most affected
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Factors affecting the firms level of
compliance
Incentives like tax breaks, investment subsidyetc.
Market based instruments
Probability of detection
Penalties
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Causes of poor Compliance to Environment
regulations
Lack of Flexibility,Over-Ambitiousness ofLaw and Standards
Weak Enforcement
Poor Monitoring
Lack ofEffective Punitive
Measures
Paucity of Funds
Incentive to Invest?
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Measures for improving compliance
Public performance audit
Community pressure
Capital markets
Pollution levy
Emission trading
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Questions
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