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Ecology
Brainstorm
Ecology is the study of the relationships between living and non-living things.
Biotic vs Abiotic
Biotic vs Abiotic
Ecology is the study of the relationships between living and non-living things.
What is all that area that contains life called?
Ecology is the study of the relationships between living and non-living things.
What is all that area that contains life called?The Biosphere- Anywhere life exists. Examples = land, water, & air
Biome -similar climate & speciesEx = tundra, temperate forest
Biome /similar climate & species
Where life exists –land, water, & air
Different populations in an area
EcosystemInteracting biotic and abiotic factors.
CommunityDifferent populations in an area
EcosystemInteracting biotic and abiotic factors.
CommunityDifferent populations in an area
Population-Group of same species in area.
Population-Group of same species in area.Individual –one
Member of a species
stop
Populations of species that interact can have a variety of relationships.
Parasitism…
Parasites drain energy from other living organisms
Populations of species that interact can have a variety of relationships.
•parasitism•predator – prey (predator eats prey)
Populations of species that interact can have a variety of relationships.
•parasitism•predator - prey
Populations of species that interact can have a variety of relationships.
•parasitism•predator – prey•mutualistic symbiosis (2 organisms live
closely together both benefit.
Populations of species that interact can have a variety of relationships.
•parasitism•predator – prey•mutualistic symbiosis (2 organisms live
closely together both benefit.
Populations of species that interact can have a variety of relationships.
•parasitism•predator – prey•mutualistic symbiosis (2 organisms live
closely together both benefit.)•commensalism (2 organisms live
closely together 1benefits the other is neither helped or harmed.)
•parasitism•predator – prey•mutualistic symbiosis (2 organisms live
closely together both benefit.)
•commensalism (2 organisms live closely together 1benefits the other is neither helped or harmed.)
monarch = poisonous
viceroy = nonpoisonous
How did the viceroy evolve to use this typeof camouflage?
monarch = poisonous viceroy = nonpoisonous
Ecological Methods
Chemical Testing
Sites
Computer/Calculators
Written Record
Magnifying Tools
Measuring Tools
Observation Experiment Model BuildingField site Experimental plots,
field sites, laboratoryMany sites for datacollecting
Tapes, compass,Global PositioningSystem, thermometer,sensors
Tapes, compass,Global PositioningSystem, thermometer,sensors
Aerial views, GlobalPositioning System,weather balloons
Binoculars, microscope,telescope
Binoculars, microscope,telescope
Satellite images
Notes, automated datastorage
Notes, automated datastorage
Automated data storage
Test kits Test kits Large database,multiple sensors
Mathematical analysisand graphics, statistics
Mathematical analysisand graphics, statistics
Mathematical analysisand graphics, statistics,simulations
Section 3-1
Compare/Contrast Table
Go to Section:
Ecology is studied in a variety of ways.
What is the ultimate source of energy for most life on Earth?
Decomposers
bacteria & fungus bacteria & fungus
What is this ?
Food Chains show how energy moves through the ecosystem.
What are the trophic levels in a food chain. and what are some terms that describe them.
Decomposers
bacteria & fungus bacteria & fungus
heterotrophautotrophomnivorecarnivoreherbivoredecomposer
ProducerMake 100%of
food
100lbs.
PrimaryConsumer
10%
10lbs.
SecondaryConsumer
1%
1lbs.carnivore
Heterotroph
Decomposer.1%
.1lbs.
Heterotroph
Food Chains show how energy moves through the ecosystem.
10% 10% 10%
Autotroph Heterotroph
Eats something else
green plant herbivore decomposer
heat
heatheat heat
Compare & contrast food chain & food web.
Pyramid of NumbersShows the relativenumber of individualorganisms at eachtrophic level.
Biomass PyramidRepresents the amount ofliving organic matter at each trophic level. Typically, thegreatest biomass is at the base of the pyramid.
Energy PyramidShows the relative amount of energy available at each trophic level. Organisms use about 10 percent of this energy for life processes. The rest is lost as heat.
Section 3-2
Ecological Pyramids
Go to Section:
What can be shown with pyramids?
Matter is not created or destroyed it iscycled through living and non-living parts of the environment.
List 3 examples of Matter that cycles.
(Hint- think elements.)
Water Cycle
Carbon Cycle
Phosphate Cycle
carbon + water + nitrogen + phosphate =
carbon + water + nitrogen + phosphate =
C HO N P
CHOCHONCHONP
carbon + water + nitrogen + phosphate =
C HO N PCHO - carbohydrates and lipidsCHON - proteinsCHONP – nucleic acidsCHONPS- some of protein’s amino acids
require sulfur
Sulfur Cycle
Some amino acids also require sulfur
Limiting factors can prevent or limit growth.Why was your bean not growing when youfirst got it? (what was the limiting factor)
nitrogen deficiencynormal growth
Why does limiting nitrogen cause so many problems?
Nutrients provide material for growth and living. Anytime there is not enough of a required nutrient growth and life is limited.
The more productive the ecosystem the more standing biomass.
What is the most productive ecosystems?
Pollution can be chemicals, nutrients, conditions, or structures that are harmful.
Its amazing just how large a problem this can be!
Eutrophication is the gradual filling in of bodies of water through the build up of sediment.
How would an algae bloom affect this?
How can eutrophication be sped up by human activities?
If there are lots of plants why would otherorganisms die?
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Use Less Heat and Air Conditioning Change a Light Bulb
Drive Less and Drive Smart
Buy Energy-Efficient Products
Use Less Hot Water
Use the "Off" Switch Plant a Tree
Get a Report Card from Your Utility Company
Encourage Others to Conserve
Use less harmful substances.
Some things like mercury are bioaccumulative.
It becomes moreconcentrated as you go up the food chain.
How can you reduce this problem?
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