Earth’s Layers

Earth’s Layers

Target #1- I can identify the different layers of earth

• The earth is divided in to four layers– crust, mantle, inner core,

outer core• The upper region of the

crust is known as the lithosphere• The upper region of the

mantle and lower region of the crust is known as the asthenosphere

Target #2- I can state what scientists use to determine the characteristics of earth ‘s crust

• Thanks to earthquakes, the seismic waves they give off and the instruments used to gather data about such events, we now know the following about each of earth’s layers.– chemical composition– temperature– density– depth

Checking for Understanding

• How do scientists know about the different layers of the Earth?A. By studying volcanic activityB. They can’t study the layers, we can’t go

there to see itC. By analyzing earthquakes and seismic

activityD. By sending down a probe to go into the

earth

Target #3- I can outline the properties of the crust

• Crust- outermost layer of earth– Two types

• Oceanic and continental

– Composition• Calcium, sodium, and silicates

– Lighter materials

– Characteristics• Rocky & brittle• Contain fractures from

earthquakes

– Make up almost .5% of earth’s mass

– Depth- 50km– Temperature: 0oC

Target #4-I can outline the properties of the mantle

• Mantle- the second layer of earth– Composition• Iron, magnesium, aluminum, silicates

– Heavier materials

– Characteristics• Mostly solid• Move in a plastic manner

– Like silly putty

• A region moves through convection

– Approximately 67% of Earth’s mass– Depth: 10-2,890km– Temperature: +1000oC

Checking for Understanding

• What does it mean to be “plastic”A. Like tupperware or a water bottleB. To be in solid form, and unmoldableC. To be in solid form, and moldableD. To have had too many surgical

enchanements done to your body

Target #5- I can explain the process of convection

• Convection– Occurs when hot magma

rises from the lower part of the mantle to the upper part of the mantle

– As the magma rises, it cools

– Once the magma cools it sinks back down

Target #6- I can outline the properties of the outer core

• Outer Core- 3rd layer of earth– Composition• Iron, sulfur, and oxygen

– Characteristics• Molten• Convection occurs, just like in the mantle

–Makes up almost 31% of earth’s mass– Depth: 2,890-5150km– Temperature: 3700oC

Target #7- I can outline the properties of the inner core

• Inner Core- centermost layer– Composition• Iron

– Heaviest material

– Characteristics• Solid

–Makes up almost 2% of earth’s mass

– Depth: 5,150-6370km

Analysis

• Which layer is the thickest layer?A. CrustB. MantleC. Outer coreD. Inner core

Explanation

• Why would the heavier materials, like iron, can only be found in large amounts in the inner core and not on earth’s surface?

LAYERS OF THE EARTH RAP

Target #8- I can convert metric units into imperial units

• Metric Moment– Lets convert km to miles• 1 km = .621 miles• To calculate amount of miles, multiply the

number of kilometers by .621 miles

– Example• How many miles are in 82km?

Checking for Understanding

• How many miles are in 1,122.6km?

– Lets convert Celcius to Farenheit• 1.8(____ oC) + 32 = _____ oF

– Example• What is 44oC in Fahrenheit?

Checking for Understanding

•What is 102oC in Fahrenheit?