Early Difficulties

Early Difficulties

Chapter 27 Section 1

• A. Strengths and Weaknesses– Axis Controlled areas• Better Prepared• Spread out all over• Small production supplies

• B. Mobilizing for War– 1943– 486,000 workers building war goods• 300,000 aircraft• 88,000 landing craft• 215 subs• 147 aircraft carriers

– Unemployment dropped to 1.2%

• War Production Board– Changed factories– Taxes– Rationed goods

• Raising an Army– 18-45 years old• 12 million needed

• C. War in the Pacific– Japan bombs bases in the Pacific– Douglas MacArthur commanded in the Philippines• Had to retreat

– Bataan Death March• 70,000 involved• 10,000 died

• D. Halting the Japanese Advance– Chester Nimitz• Pacific Fleet is salvageable

– Battle of Coral Sea– Battle of Midway– Guadalcanal

• E. Early fighting in Europe– 500 ships sunk off of US coast– North Africa• Erwin Rommel/Desert Fox

– Stalingrad• Germans were surrounded in city• Lost 200,000 men

The Home Front

Chapter 27 Section 2

• A. Promoting the War– Blue Star-War– Gold Star-KIA– Office of War Information• Made movies• Put out info about war

• B. Life during Wartime– Millions grew gardens• Victory Gardens

– Blackouts during war• Civilian enforcement

– Air Raid Drills

• C. Rosie the Riveter– 1940-1944—6million women employed

• D. Discrimination– Blacks put in segregated units– Women in workplace– Zoot Suit Riots• Mexicans who served

– Japanese Internment—119,000

Victory in Europe

Chapter 27 Section

• A. Allied attacks in the Mediterranean– Nov 1942—Operation Torch– Patton led the Americans in North Africa– Allies Force Italy to sign treaty• Mussolini fled to Germany• Rome fell June 1944

• B. Sea and Air assaults– Battle of the Atlantic• Used Sonar• 1944—Allies control Atlantic

– RAF Bombings over Germany

• C. Operation Overlord– Invasion of France• Planned by George Marshall

– D-Day June 6, 1944• Sword• Gold• Juno• Utah• Omaha

• D. Holocaust– Genocide of 6 Million Jews– 2/3 European population– Final Solution

• E. Defeating Germany– Battle of the Bulge—200,000 vs 80,000• Dec 1944—Germans retreating 100 miles/day

– Yalta Conference• Big Three met to divide Germany

– Race to Berlin• April 30—Hitler offs himself• VE Day—May 8th

Victory in Asia

Chapter 27 Section 4

• A. Pacific Offensives– Island Hopping• Tarawa—1000 killed• Saipan—3400 killed

– Philippines– Leyte Gulf• Largest and most decisive

• B. Victory in the Pacific– Tokyo Firebombing—Feb 1945• 20,000 Japanese died

– Okinawa• April 1945• 49,000 Americans Killed• 100,000 Japanese Killed

• C. The Atomic Bomb– Manhattan Project• Einstein• Oppenheimer

– Enola Gay• Hiroshima and Nagasaki

– September 2, 1945• Japan surrenders on USS Missouri

• D. Cost of War– 30 Million dead– 1 trillion dollars