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Early Childhood Education: Social and Emotional Development. Dr. K. A. Korb University of Jos. Outline. Interpersonal Skills: Ability to relate with others Peer Relationships Child-Teacher Relationships Intrapersonal Skills: Ability to understand oneself Emotional Literacy Self Esteem - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Early Childhood Education:Social and Emotional
Development
Dr. K. A. Korb
University of Jos
Outline Interpersonal Skills: Ability to relate with others
Peer Relationships Child-Teacher Relationships
Intrapersonal Skills: Ability to understand oneself Emotional Literacy Self Esteem
Assimilating into school culture Behavior Management
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
Stage Age CrisisInfancy 0-1 Trust vs. Mistrust
Early Childhood 2-3 Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
Preschool 3-5 Initiative vs. Guilt
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
Stage Age Key Characteristics
Sensorimotor 0-2 Thinks via senses
Pre-Operational 2-7 Can use mental symbolsThinks unidirectionallyEgocentric
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Teaching Social/Emotional Skills Research has demonstrated that social
skills are associated with school success (Denham & Burton, 2003) Prosocial behaviors foster peer and teacher
relationships Helping, sharing, taking turns
Self-regulation skills hinder aggression Social skills are associated with emotional
competence
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Teaching Social/Emotional Skills Preschool teachers strongly influence young
children’s social-emotional development (Pianta & Stuhlman, 2004)
Formal vs. Informal teaching of social and emotional skills Formal instruction in social and emotional skills results in
positive child development I Can Problem Solve Al’s Pals: Kids Making Healthy Choices
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Teaching Social/Emotional Skills Importance of teaching social/emotional skills:
Skills are necessary for children to be successful in school and the culture
Prevent behavior problems Do not teach social skills only when problem
behaviors occur Problem has happened Children are upset Teacher attention may reinforce negative behavior
Teach social skills also before incidents happen
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Social and Emotional Development consists of: Sense of confidence and competence Ability to form good relationships with peers and
adults Ability to identify, understand, and communicate
feelings Constructively managing strong emotions Develop empathy Ability to persist at tasks Ability to follow directions
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Checklist of Social Skills (McClellan & Katz, 1977) Approaches peers positively Clearly and appropriately expresses needs Not easily intimidated by bullies Expresses frustration and anger positively Easily joins peers in work or play Participates in discussions and activities Ability to take turns Shows an interest in peers Can compromise with peers Accepts people of diverse ethnic groups Uses appropriate nonverbal communication
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Teaching Peer Interactions Directly teach the social skill Model the behavior
In person or with puppets
Allow for practice
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Teacher-Child Relationships Children will model the teacher’s behavior
Be courteous Show interest in children’s lives Ask for children’s input when possible Develop close, caring relationships with the
children
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Child – Environment Relationship Teach children to become aware of and to
take care of the environment Pick up trash in and around the school yard
Study the trash – scientific observation skills Plant trees
Biology
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Emotional Literacy Types of Emotions
Core emotions: Joy, anger, sadness fear Complex emotions: Frustration, annoyance, boredom,
jealousy Teaching Emotional Literacy
Recognize and label feelings You must feel hurt.
Accept feelings It is ok to feel hurt when your friend ignores you.
Encourage appropriate responses to feelings What is a better way we can deal with these feelings?
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Managing Conflict Help the child accept their feelings as
valid Help the child verbalize emotions Suggest alternative behaviors
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Managing Anger Teach children:
That anger can interfere with problem solving How to recognize anger in themselves and their
peers How to calm down Appropriate ways to express anger
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Turtle Technique
Recognize Recognize
that you that you
feel angry.feel angry.
““Think” Think”
Stop.Stop.
Go into shell. Go into shell. Take 3 deep Take 3 deep breathes. breathes. And think And think calm, coping calm, coping thoughts.thoughts.
Come out Come out of shell of shell when calm when calm and think of and think of a solution.a solution.
Building Self Esteem Self-Esteem: How you feel about yourself Three components (Kostelnik et al., 2006)
Competence: Accomplish goals Worth: Valued by others Control: Ability to influence environment
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Building Self Esteem Daily Encouragement
Sincere, specific, regular attention to children Point out the relationship between a child’s
successes and their personal strengths
Planned Activities VIP (Very Important Person) of the Week is
allowed special privileges and an opportunity to share with the class
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Classroom Activities to Promote Social/Emotional Development
What aspects of social or emotional development is the lesson aimed to teach?
What are the strengths of the lesson? What would you improve to make the
lesson more effective?
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Internet Resources Center on the Social and Emotional Foundations
for Early Learning: What Works Briefs Promote young children’s emotional development Present scientific evidence for best practices http://www.vanderbilt.edu/csefel/
Activities to promote development for young children: http://www.teacherquicksource.com/headstart/default.aspx
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
Revision What social skills are necessary for young
children to develop? What are some strategies for teaching these social skills
in ECE programs? What emotional skills are necessary for young
children to develop? What are some strategies for teaching these social skills
in ECE programs? Why is teaching social and emotional skills
important?
Dr. K. A. KorbUniversity of Jos
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