Diarrhea Treatment Guidelines

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DIARRHEA TREATMENT

GUIDELINES

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DIARRHEA

• Passage of three or

more loose or

liquid stools per day,

more frequently

than is normal for

the individual

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KEY FACTS

• Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of deathin children under five years old. It is both preventableand treatable.

• Each year diarrhea kills around 760 000 children under

five.• A significant proportion of diarrheal disease can be

prevented through safe drinking-water and adequatesanitation and hygiene.

•

Globally, there are nearly 1.7 billion cases of diarrhealdisease every year.

• Diarrhea is a leading cause of malnutrition in childrenunder five years old.

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DANGERS OF DIARRHEA

• DEATH

• MALNUTRITION

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IMPORTANT PARTS OF TREATMENT OF

DIARRHEA

Prevent dehydration from occurring if possible

Treat dehydration quickly if it does occur

Give zinc supplements

Feed the child

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PREVENTION OF DEHYDRATION

prevented by drinking more fluids as soon as the

diarrhea starts

recommended home fluids; available food-based

fluids, such as gruel, soup or rice-water

increase the frequency of breastfeeding, or give

milk feeds prepared with twice the usual amount

of water

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TREATMENT OF DEHYDRATION

If dehydration occurs,the child should be

brought to a community

health worker or health

center for treatment

best treatment fordehydration is oral

therapy with a solution

made with ORS

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ZINC SUPPLEMENTATION

• reduce the duration and

severity of the episode,

and lower the incidence

of diarrhea in the

following 2 – 3 months

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FEEDING

child should be offered

small amounts of nutritious,

easily digestible food

frequently

If breastfed, try to increase

the frequency and duration

of feeds

After the diarrhea hasstopped, an extra meal each

day for a week will help the

child regain weight loss

during the illness

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OTHER TREATMENTS

ANTIBIOTICS

• not effective against most diarrhea-causing organisms

• may increase resistance of some disease-causing organisms to

antibiotics

ADSORBENTS

• not useful for treatment of acute diarrhea

• induce only a slight change in stool consistency, however they do not

reduce fluid and salt losses

ANTIMOTILITY• may be harmful, especially in children less than 5 years of age

• temporarily reduce cramps and pain but delay elimination of organisms

causing the diarrhea and may prolong the illness

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HOME-MADE ORS

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STEPS IN TREATING DIARRHEA

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STEPS IN TREATING DIARRHEA

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STEPS IN TREATING DIARRHEA

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