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October 22, 2017 Sam Siewert
CS317 File and Database Systems
Lecture 9 – Conceptual, Logical, and Physical DBMS Design
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/workbench
Reminders Assignment #4 Due Friday
Assignment #3 Being Graded Assignment #5, Physical DB Design Assignment #6, DBMS Project of Your Interest – FINAL ORAL PRESENTATION – Design Schema for DBMS project in a small team
Logical design focus Normalization Physical is MySQL on PRClab
– Combine Network Applications with DBMS in C/C++, JDBC, or Python - http://www.mysql.com/products/connector/
– Add Stored Programs and Triggers – Add Views – Create Transactions where needed
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Normalization Exercise
1. What is current Normalization Level?
2. What are Functional Dependencies? Full? Partial?
3. Provide 2NF Version
4. Are there any Transitive Dependencies?
5. Provide 3NF Version and Explain
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staffNo dentistName patNo patName appDate, appTime surgeryRoomNo NatInsNum contractNo hours eName hotelNo hotelLocS1011 Tony Smith P100 Gillian White 9/12/13, 10:00 S15 1135 C1024 16 Smith J H25 East KilbrideS1011 Tony Smith P105 Jill Bell 9/12/13, 12:00 S15 1057 C1024 24 Hocine D H25 East KilbrideS1024 Helen Pearson P108 Ian MacKay 9/12/13, 10:00 S10 1068 C1025 28 White T H4 GlasgowS1024 Helen Pearson P108 Ian MacKay 9/14/13, 14:00 S10 1135 C1025 15 Smith J H4 GlasgowS1032 Robin Plevin P105 Jill Bell 9/14/13, 16:30 S15S1032 Robin Plevin P110 John Walker 9/15,13, 18:00 S13
Team A - 14.19 Team B - 14.20
Normalization
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staffNo dentistName patNo patName appDate, appTime surgeryRoomNo NatInsNum contractNo hours eName hotelNo hotelLocS1011 Tony Smith P100 Gillian White 9/12/13, 10:00 S15 1135 C1024 16 Smith J H25 East KilbrideS1011 Tony Smith P105 Jill Bell 9/12/13, 12:00 S15 1057 C1024 24 Hocine D H25 East KilbrideS1024 Helen Pearson P108 Ian MacKay 9/12/13, 10:00 S10 1068 C1025 28 White T H4 GlasgowS1024 Helen Pearson P108 Ian MacKay 9/14/13, 14:00 S10 1135 C1025 15 Smith J H4 GlasgowS1032 Robin Plevin P105 Jill Bell 9/14/13, 16:30 S15S1032 Robin Plevin P110 John Walker 9/15,13, 18:00 S13
Step 1 UNF - repeating groups in appDate, appTime Step 1 1 NF due to hazards, e.g. modify hotelLoc
Step 2 FD1 staffNo, appDate, appTime -> patNo, patName Step 2 FD1 NatInsNum, contractNo -> hoursFD2 staffNo -> dentistName FD2 NatInsNum -> eNameFD3 patNo -> patName, surgeryNo FD3 contractNo -> hotelNo, hotelLocFD4 staffNo, appDate -> surgeryRoomNo FD4 hotelNo -> hotelLocFD5 patNo, aTime, aDate -> staffNo, dentistName
staffNo appDate appTime patNo patName NatInsNum contractNo hours
staffNo appDate urgeryRoomNo contractNo hotelNo hotelLoc
staffNo dentistName NatInsNum eName
Step 4 FD3 patNo -> patName, surgeryNo Step 4 FD4 hotelNo -> hotelLoc
staffNo appDate appTime patNo NatInsNum contractNo hours
staffNo appDate urgeryRoomNo contractNo hotelNo
staffNo dentistName NatInsNum eName
patNo patName hotelNo hotelLoc
Team A - 14.19 Team B - 14.20
Step 3 - 2NF Step 3 - 2NF
Step 5 -3NF Step 5 -3NF
DBMS Design in 10 Steps DBMS Design - Decomposition 1. Conceptual Design – Analysis, Centralized or View Integration 2. Build and Validate Logical Data Model – ER/EER,
Normalization, Schema Prototype (Workbench) 3. Translate Logical Data Model for Target DBMS (MySQL) 4. Design File Organization (or Block) and Indexing 5. Triggers and SQL/PSM for Referential Integrity 6. User View Design (Lossless Join Verification) 7. Security 8. Transactions for Complex Updates 9. Redundancy (RTO/RPO and RAID) 10. Connectors for App Interfaces
Covered, To be covered
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Goals for This Week Wrap-Up DBMS Conceptual Design Wrap-Up DBMS Logical Design – Examine Use of MySQL Workbench to Go Between EER and
Schemas – Forward Engineer – Reverse Engineer – Workbench Tutorial -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_umYKqKaF0
Introduce DBMS Physical Design – Introduction to B and B+ Trees – Discussion of MySQL Physical Layers – In-Depth Study of B and B+ Trees Next Week
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Using pathways to check that the conceptual model supports the user
transactions [A2.2, A-5]
Transaction Checks DML – Update/Delete Query Transactions Can all be Implemented with core SQL SQL/PSM JBDC or C/C++ Embedding - MySQL Connector
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Going from Paper Design to Schemas Relational Models, ER, and EER on Paper are Helpful, but How Do We Transition to a Schema we Can Test? Workbench can be Downloaded and Installed on Windows, Max OS-X, Linux - http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/workbench Enter Design as an EER using Graphical Workbench
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Generate SQL DDL Schema When Ready…
Reverse Engineer Existing Schema to EER DreamHome v. 1.0 – 6 Tables, Related by Foreign Keys Not Taking Advantage of EER, but Can Update Model and Export, Re-Import Data to Improve
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Sakila EER Model
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Tables, Views, SQL/PSM Routines, Triggers in EER
Sakila Example Tables, Views, PSM Routines, Triggers Models Relations Between Entities [Tables] and Includes Operations [Routines] More Sophisticated Design and Schema that Matches
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Reverse Engineer Differences The Forward/Reverse Engineering is Not Perfect, but Not Bad SQL Generation from Pictures, Picture Generation from SQL Much like at GUI Code Generator Issue is Sync Between Design and SQL Sam Siewert 13
Recall DreamHome v. 2.0 ER Design Entities, Attributes, Keys, 1:1, 1:*, *:1 Relations Features PK and FK Attributes
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Improvements to DreamHome v. 1.0 Connections 1:n Made Via PKs Note InnoDB Physical Engine Required for FKs Improve Model and Schema
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FKs Require InnoDB, MyISAM default [Many options – MEMORY, FEDERATED, ScaleDB…]
DreamHome v. 1.0 EER See if We Can Improve PK, FK and Normalization
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Check Schema and Add Test Data Review Schema
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DreamHome v. 2.0 Global EER
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Equivalent Using DH v. 1.0 Adapted
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Step 2 Build and Validate Logical Data Model
Step 2.1 Derive relations for logical data model – To create relations for the logical data model to
represent the entities, relationships, and attributes that have been identified [Enter into MySQL Workbench]
Step 2.2 Validate relations using normalization – To validate the relations in the logical data model using
normalization [Check Functional Dependencies and Scan for Insert, Delete, Update Hazards]
– Would be Nice if MySQL Workbench had Normalization Checker – it Does Not! But, it Does Help Auto-Complete Keys
Step 2.3 Validate relations against user transactions – To ensure that the relations in the logical data model support the
required transactions [Create Views, Test Update, Delete, Insert]
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Step 2.4 Check integrity constraints
Run Forward Engineering to Generate SQL To check integrity constraints are represented in the logical data model. This includes identifying:
Required data Attribute domain constraints Multiplicity Entity integrity Referential integrity General constraints
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Referential integrity constraints for relations in Staff user views of
DreamHome
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Step 2.5 Review logical data model with user
To review the logical data model with the users to ensure that they consider the model to be a true representation of the data requirements of the enterprise.
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Step 2.6.1 Merge logical data models into a global model [OPTIONAL] Tasks typically includes:
(1) Review the names and contents of entities/relations and their candidate keys. (2) Review the names and contents of relationships/foreign keys. (3) Merge entities/relations from the local data models (4) Include (without merging) entities/relations unique to each local data model (5) Merge relationships/foreign keys from the local data models. (6) Include (without merging) relationships/foreign keys unique to each local data model. (7) Check for missing entities/relations and relationships/foreign keys. (8) Check foreign keys. (9) Check Integrity Constraints. (10) Draw the global ER/relation diagram (11) Update the documentation.
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