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Crop production Crop production and mean yields in and mean yields in
Ethiopia Ethiopia - - key for development in Growth key for development in Growth
Corridors Corridors
Veli PohjonenVeli PohjonenTana-Beles WME project, EthiopiaTana-Beles WME project, Ethiopia
Briefing forBriefing for
the Growth Corridor mission the Growth Corridor mission
June 5, 2010, Bahir DarJune 5, 2010, Bahir Dar
Situation 1984Situation 1984
Year of last big famineYear of last big famine 1 million people (farmers) left homesteads1 million people (farmers) left homesteads Population less than 40 millionPopulation less than 40 million Ecological judgement: country has Ecological judgement: country has
exceeded her carrying capacity (”the exceeded her carrying capacity (”the doomsday declaration”)doomsday declaration”)
Large soil & water conservation programs Large soil & water conservation programs were startedwere started
What happened since What happened since 1984 ?1984 ?
Change of government and political Change of government and political system in 1991system in 1991
Eritrea separatedEritrea separated Data series available in Faostat, and Data series available in Faostat, and
Global Information & Early Warning Global Information & Early Warning System (GIEWS) from 1993System (GIEWS) from 1993
In 2000s improvement in land tenure In 2000s improvement in land tenure and certificationand certification
Teff and oxen Teff and oxen ploughing ploughing typical in ETH typical in ETH highlandshighlands
Cereal production rises Cereal production rises 0.5 mill tonnes per year0.5 mill tonnes per year
Also area and Also area and mean yield mean yield increasingincreasing
Per capita Per capita cereal cereal productioproduction n increasesincreases
Amhara Cereals Amhara Cereals 1995/1996 to 1995/1996 to 2008/2009 2008/2009 (in graph Ethiopian calendar (in graph Ethiopian calendar years)years)
South Gondar Cereals 1997/1998 South Gondar Cereals 1997/1998 to 2008/2009 to 2008/2009 (in graph Ethiopian calendar (in graph Ethiopian calendar years)years)
Cereals in Cereals in South South Gondar, Gondar, Dera Dera woredaworeda
Regional & Regional & zonal mean zonal mean yields are yields are increasingincreasing
Production and mean Production and mean yield increase is found yield increase is found in all major crop in all major crop classesclasses
• CerealsCereals
•PulsesPulses
•OilcropsOilcrops
•Roots cropsRoots crops
•FruitsFruits
•VegetablesVegetables
2008 for pulses:2008 for pulses:production rise 4.41 % / production rise 4.41 % / yearyearmean yield rise 2.22 % / mean yield rise 2.22 % / yearyear
Relative production Relative production increment (per cent in a increment (per cent in a year) in 2008year) in 2008
Fruits 5.61
Oilcrops 5.46
Pulses 4.41
Cereals 3.75
Root crops 2.99
Vegetables 2.79
Relative mean yield Relative mean yield increment (per cent in a increment (per cent in a year) in 2008year) in 2008
Oilcrops 2.82
Pulses 2.22
Cereals 1.59
Vegetables 1.09
Fruits 0.82
Root crops 0.57
ConclusionsConclusions Farmers did not listen to the 1984 ecological Farmers did not listen to the 1984 ecological
”doomsday declarations””doomsday declarations” They have procuded more in production They have procuded more in production
(tn/country), in mean yield (kg/ha) and per (tn/country), in mean yield (kg/ha) and per capita (kg/cap) capita (kg/cap)
Soil & water conservation (now watershed Soil & water conservation (now watershed development) efforts and projects since 1984 development) efforts and projects since 1984 have also had positive impact have also had positive impact
This is a good basis for further agricultural This is a good basis for further agricultural development in Ethiopia in general and in the development in Ethiopia in general and in the Growth Corridors especiallyGrowth Corridors especially
Thank youThank you
Presentation can be downloaded in Presentation can be downloaded in
http://tana-beleswme.org
and in and in
http://veli.pohjonen.org
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