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Creating a Positive Culture of Safety
around Sharps Injury Prevention
Culture of Safety:
The product of individual and group:
ValuesAttitudesPerceptionsCompetencies and Patterns of behavior
that determine commitment to and the styleand proficiency of an organization’s health andsafety management.(Reference: Sorra et al, AHRQ Pub No. 04-0041)
Safety Culture:
• The shared values within an organization with regard to safety.
• Expressed in the willingness to evaluate and learn from adverse events
(References: Griffin & Neal, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2000
Zhang, et al. Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 2002)
Safety Climate:
• The shared perception, at a point in time, of the safety culture within an organization.
• The degree to which employees feel that safety is an organizational value.
(References: Griffin & Neal, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2000
Zhang, et al. Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 2002)
• Organizational commitment– Demonstrated at the highest levels in the
organization
• Management involvement– Commitment of resources
• Employee empowerment– Freedom to voice concerns about hazards
Components of a Positive Culture of Safety:
Components of a Positive Culture of Safety:
• Systems to acknowledge safe practices
• Reporting systems– Injuries– Safe behaviors– Near misses– Hazards
Who’s involved? What’s their role?
Management
• Acknowledge positive behaviors• Allocate resources for new safety products and
processes• Ensure that all staff are aware of and receive training
when changes are made• Address suggestions made by staff to improve safety
Staff
• Acknowledge co-workers’ positive behaviors • Provide feedback to management on safety activities
and new devices• Participate in training• Voice concerns about hazards to management• Offer solutions to identified hazards
Who’s involved? What’s their role?
Safety Culture and Sharps Injuries
Nurses with a positive measure of safety culture more likely to accept newly introduced IV catheter safety device
Safety Culture and Sharps Injuries
Measures of safety culture are associated with compliance with safe work practices
Employees with higher measures of safety culture were half as likely to experience blood/body fluid exposure incidents
Activities specific to Sharps Injury Prevention
• Engineering Controls– List of conventional devices identifying where
they are used– Inventory of devices with safety features– Rigid sharps disposal containers
• Training on the use of devices with safety features
Activities specific to sharps injury prevention (continued)
• Sharps Injury Prevention Committee– Analysis and use of data in decision making
• Process for identifying and reporting hazards
• Process for reporting exposure incidents– Well developed post-exposure management protocols
• Bloodborne pathogen training– Upon hire and annually– Review of hazards, prevention measures and
reporting protocols
• Educational campaigns– In-services– Posters
Activities specific to sharps injury prevention (continued)
Sharps Injury in the OR
Safety Culture Factors
• Long shifts
• Use of sharp suture needle
• Use of long length of suture material
• Unable to leave operating room
• Waiting until the end of the shift to report the exposure
Changes
• Shorter shifts to avoid fatigue
• Use of blunt suture needles
• Shorter suture material
• Identify someone in OR to call Occupational Health for exposures
• Triage exposure over the phone
• If necessary, Employee Health brings PEP to OR
Impact of positive changes:
• Reduction of hazards with suture needles→ reduction / elimination of injuries involving suture
needles
• Improved reporting• More timely post-exposure management• Improved employee safety and patient care
…the shared commitment of management and employees to ensure the safety of all care providers and patients in the facility.
Together we can make it work!
Culture of safety….
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