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Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
What IsWhat IsOrganizationalOrganizational
Behavior?Behavior?
Chapter 1
1-2
What is Organizational What is Organizational Behavior?Behavior?
• A field of study devoted to understanding, explaining, and ultimately improving the attitudes and behaviors of individuals and groups in organizations
1-3
1-4
Buying the TextbookBuying the Textbook
• Aside from your local bookstore, the book is available on Amazon
• There is a Kindle version
1-5
Does OB Matter?Does OB Matter?
• Do firms who do a good job managing OB concepts become more profitable as a result?
1-6
Does OB Does OB Matter?Matter?
• The resource-based view of the firm
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Does OB Matter?Does OB Matter?
1-8
Does OB Matter?Does OB Matter?
Retention
Sales/employee
Market value
Profitability
1-9
So WhatSo What’’s So Hard?s So Hard?
๏ The Rule of 1/8:
๏ “One must bear in mind that 1/2 of organizations won’t believe the connection between how they manage their people and the profits they earn. 1/2 of those who do see the connection will do what many organizations have done--try to make a single change to solve their problems, not realizing that the effective management of people requires a more comprehensive and systematic approach. Of the firms that make comprehensive changes, probably only about 1/2 will persist with their practices long enough to actually derive economic benefits.”
1-10
How Do We Know Things About How Do We Know Things About OB?OB?
• Where does the knowledge in this textbook come from?
• Understanding that requires an understanding of how we know things, in general
1-11
How Do We Know Things about How Do We Know Things about OB?OB?
• Methods of Knowing
๏ Experience
๏ Intuition
๏ Authority
๏ Science
• What are the benefits of the last one, relative to the other three?
1-12
How Do We Know Things about How Do We Know Things about OB?OB?
• Scientific method
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How Do We Know Things about How Do We Know Things about OB?OB?
• Theory
๏ A collection of assertions (both verbal and symbolic) that specify how and why variables are related, as well as the conditions in which they should (and should not) be related
1-14
How Do We Know Things How Do We Know Things about OB?about OB?
• To test our theory we gather data on the variables included in our hypotheses
• We then use variants of the correlation coefficient to test hypotheses, to see if they verify our theory
1-15
How Do We Know Things How Do We Know Things about OB?about OB?
• The correlation
๏ Perfect positive relationship: 1
๏ Perfect negative relationship: -1
๏ Strength of the correlation inferred from judging the compactness of a scatterplot of the X-Y values
๏ More compact = stronger correlation
๏ Less compact = weaker correlation
1-16
The CorrelationThe Correlation
1-17
The CorrelationThe Correlation
1-18
The CorrelationThe Correlation
1-19
The CorrelationThe Correlation
• Important Disclaimer
๏ Correlation does not prove causation
• Proving causation requires:
๏ Correlation
๏ Temporal precedence
๏ Elimination of alternative explanations
1-20
How Do We Know Things about How Do We Know Things about OB?OB?
• The correlations from multiple studies get averaged together using a technique called meta-analysis
• Meta-analyses can then form the foundation for evidence-based management--the use of scientific findings to inform management education and practice
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