Congress Middle School Pre-Medical Magnet Program 2008 Presented by: Diana Herec, Medical Magnet...

Congress Middle School

Pre-Medical Magnet Program

2008

Presented by: Diana Herec, Medical Magnet Coordinator

Human Anatomy & Physiology

The Muscular System

Responsible for bodily movement

Includes the voluntary muscles of the body

About 700 muscles in the human body

Vary greatly in size

Muscle Action

Muscle action depends on its position with the joint it works on

Limb movement requires the teamwork of several muscles

Muscles contract when activated

Muscle Contraction

If the force of a muscle contraction is greater than the force resisting it, the contraction is known as

Isotonic Contraction

muscle contraction continued…

If resistance to contraction is equal to the force, the muscle will not contract, known as:

Isometric Contraction

Skeletal Muscle

Most prominent type of muscle in the body

May account for up to 60% body mass

It is attached to bones at both ends by tendons

Skeletal Muscle continued…

Skeletal muscle is under constant control, therefore, known as:

Voluntary Muscle

Just below the surface of the skin

The muscles and skeleton

are responsible foran individual’s

Physique

Muscle Types

Classified by shape:

Parallel fibers Oblique fibers

Shape and arrangement of fibers reflect muscle function

Pennate Muscles

Have feather-like appearance and fibers run obliquely down to the tendon

Some spiral muscles have the capacity to turn half a rotation between their attachments

Others twist around a bone

In the common spindle-shaped muscles, all fibers run from one tendon to another

Circular Muscles

Fibers of circular muscles are arranged in concentric circles

Muscles consist of bundles of fibers that can be organized in different ways, according to the function of the muscle

Muscles You Will Need To Know

1. Temporalis2. Masseter4. Sternocleidomastoid5. Pectoralis Major6. Serratus Anterior7. External Obliques24. Rectus Abdominus27. Biceps28. Deltoid29. Trapezius32. Frontalis

Name 1,2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 24, 27, 28, 29, 32

1. Temporalis2. Masseter4. Sternocleidomastoid5. Pectoralis Major6. Serratus Anterior7. External Obliques24. Rectus Abdominus27. Biceps28. Deltoid29. Trapezius32. Frontalis

You Will Need to Know

14. Adductor Magnus

15. Sartorius

17. Soleus

18. Gastrocnemius

20.Tibialis Anterior

21. Quadriceps

Name #14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21

14. Adductor Magnus

15. Sartorius

17. Soleus

18. Gastrocnemius

20.Tibialis Anterior

21. Quadriceps

You Will Need to Know

2. Trapezius3. Deltoid4. Latissimus Dorsi7. Gluteus Maximus9. Gastronemius11. Soleus15-17 Hamstrings22. Tricep

Name #2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 11, 15-17, 22

2. Trapezius3. Deltoid4. Latissimus Dorsi7. Gluteus Maximus9. Gastronemius11. Soleus15-17 Hamstrings22. Tricep