Conformal Invariance and Scalar-tensor formulation of ...cosmo/SW_2011/PPT/Fonseca.pdf · Matter...

1. Introduction2. General Relativity3. Weyl's Integrable Manifolds4. General Relativity as a scalar-tensor theory5. Spherically symmetric space-time6. Conclusion

Conformal Invariance and Scalar-tensor formulation of General Relativity

(Weyl´s integrable space-times)J. Fonseca Neto, C. Romero (UFPB / Brazil)

Introduction

1. Breakdown of general relativity theory?1. Weak field regime (solar system, galaxies)2. Strong field regime (pulsars, black holes)3. Cosmology (dark matter, dar energy)

2. Quest for a new theory of gravitation?1. New-dimensions (braneworld)2. Non-riemannian space-times manifolds3. New field equations

General Relativity

1. Geometric framework2. Field Equations3. Test particle motion (geodesic postulate)4. Matter coupling (minimal coupling)

General Relavity – Geometric framework1. Pseudo-Riemannian spacetime manifold2. Lorentz Metric (lengths, angles)

3. Levi-Civita connection (Christoffel symbols) (parallel transport, covariant derivative)

No torsion and no non-metric

4. All properties determined only by the metric

General Relavity – field equations

1. Einstein-Hilbert action

2. Einstein Equations (vacuum)

General Relavity – test particle motion

1. Geodesics

2. Auto-parallels (affine parameter)

Obs. :same curves.

General Relavity – test particle motion1. Geodesic postulate. Test particle motion:

1. Massive particles: time-like geodesics, proper time and space-time interval (-+++):

2. Light rays: null geodesics, causality (light cone)

General Relavity – matter coupling1. Principle of minimal couple

Special Relativity ---- > General Relativity

2. Momentum-energy tensor

3. Einstein equations

Scalar-tensor General Relavity (GR)

1. Weyl's integrable space-time (WIST)2. Field Equations (metric and Weyl's scalar)3. Test particle motion4. Matter coupling

Scalar-tensor GR - Weyl's integrable space-times1. Lorentz metric2. Weyl's connection (symmetric). No torsion

3. Non-metricity. Weyl's vector

4. No second-clock effect. Weyl's scalar

5. All properties determined by both and

Scalar-tensor GR - Weyl's integrable space-times1. Weyl's transformations

2. Curvature of WIST and Weyl's transformations

obs. (hat):

Scalar-tensor GR – field equations

1. Conformal invariant action ( and )

2. Field equations (Weyl's scalar and metric)

Scalar-tensor GR – test particle motion

1. Weyl's geodesics (auto-parallels)2. Massive particles3. Proper-time (affine parameter)4. Lagrangia

Scalar-tensor GR – test particle motion1. Light motion. Weyl's null geodesics (auto-paralles)

2. Metric null geodesics are Weyl's nullgeodesics reparametrized. Same light-cones

Scalar-tensor GR – test particle motion1. Massive test particles. Proper-time (affine parameter)

and Weyl's time-like geodesics (auto-paralles).

Weyl's time-like geodesics are different from metric time-like geodesics.

Scalar-tensor GR – conformal killing vectors1. Symmetries.Conformall killing vectors.

Invariant under Weyl's transformations2. Constants of motion

Scalar-tensor GR – weak field limit1. Weak field slow motion limit.

2. Test particle motion

3. Newtonian potential

Scalar-tensor GR – Einstein and Weyl´s frames1.Einstein and Weyl frames (gauges)

Several equivalent descriptions of the gravitational field related by Weyl's transformations

1. Einstein frame (gauge) - unique

2. Weyl's frame (gauge) - several

Static Spherically symmetric WIST

1. Static spherically symmetric solution2. Conformal killing vectors. Const. of motion3. Gravitational redshift4. Precession of the perihelium 5. Einstein frame (gauge)

Static Spherically symmetric WIST - solution

1. Field equations

2. Solution

3. Weak fied limit

Static Spherically symmetric WIST – conf. Kill. vec.1. Conformal killing vectors

2. Constants of motion. Energy and momentum angular

Static Spherically symmetric WIST - properties

1. Gravitational redshift. Static observers

Equal to Schwarzschild space-time.

Static Spherically symmetric WIST - properties1. Orbit equation

2.Precession of the periheliumEqual to Schwarzschild

Static Spherically symmetric WIST

Einstein frame (gauge)Performing a Weyl's transformationto the Einstein frame (gauge) wherethe Weyl's scalar is zero, the solution reduces to Schwarzschild solution.

Merci beaucoup

Conformal Invariance and Scalar-tensor formulation of ...cosmo/SW_2011/PPT/Fonseca.pdf · Matter...

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