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K E Y B O A R D I N G 1
Computer Basics
Definitions
Computer
An electronic, digital, programmable machine that has four functions
accepts input
processes data
stores data
produces output
Definitions
Hardware
The electronic and mechanical devices that process data
Refers to the computer as well as peripheral devices
Can be touched
Definitions
Software
A computer program that tells the computer how to perform particular tasks
Cannot be touched
Definitions
Network
Two or more computers and other devices that are connected for sharing data and programs
Definitions
Peripheral Devices
Used to expand the computer’s input, output, and storage capabilities
Examples: mouse, keyboard, printer, monitor, webcam, microphone, speakers
Definitions
Input
Whatever is put into a computer system
Data
Refers to the “symbols” that represent facts, objects, or ideas
Information
Processed data
Output
Results produced by the computer
Example: what is printed or shown on the monitor
Definitions
Memory
Area of the computer that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed, stored, or output
Storage
Area of the computer or device that holds data on a long-term basis
Hard disk drive
USB drive
CD-R or RW
DVD-R or RW
Cloud
Types of Computers
PDA (personal digital assistant)
Often uses flash memory rather than a hard drive
Uses touch screen rather than keyboard
Smart phone is an example
Types of Computers
Personal Computer (microcomputer)
Designed to meet the needs of an individual
Provides access to applications such as
Word processing
Photo editing
Internet
Has peripherals (keyboard, mouse, etc.) that are plugged into it
What category does an iPad fit into?
Types of Computers
Laptop
Portable, compact computer
All components are in one compact unit
Often more expensive than a comparable desktop
Sometimes called a notebook and netbook
Types of Computers
Workstation
Powerful desktop computer designed for specialized tasks that require a lot of processing speed
Can look like an ordinary personal computer
Often used for 3-D graphics or game development
Types of Computers
Mainframe
Large, expensive computer capable of simultaneously processing data for hundred of thousands of users
Used by large, complex organization such as
Universities
Banks
Airlines
Types of Computers
Supercomputer
A very fast, very powerful computer
Used for scientific and engineering work
Huge storage capacity
Very fast input and output capabilities
Types of Computers
Server
A computer that provides services to other computers over a network.
Servers usually have powerful processors, lots of memory, and large hard drives.
Input Devices
A peripheral device that provides data to a computer
Keyboard
Mouse
Camera/Webcam
Scanner
Microphone
Output Devices
Computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an computer
Speakers
Headphone
Printer
Monitor
Storage Devices
A device for storing/recording information
Disk drive
CD/DVD
Magnetic tape
Flash drive
Memory card
Cloud
Care and Treatment of Computers
Keep computer free of dust, dirt, and liquids
Don’t spray monitor with glass cleaner
Don’t touch with your fingers either
Don’t clean the inside of the computer yourself
Canned air can be used on the outside of the computer
Wash your hands before using the computer
Wash your hands after using the computer
Care and Treatment of Computers
Use a surge protector to guard against electrical surges
Use and update virus protection software
Do not accept downloads from Internet sites that you don't know and trust.
Don’t open an e-mail attachment from someone you don’t know
Install only one software program at a time; check for problems before installing another program
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