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Compact Cancer Killers ─
Simulating Next-Generation Laser-Driven Ion Accelerators
Michael Bussmann, Axel Huebl
Computational Radiation Physics
Helmholtz-Center Dresden Rossendorf
Page 2 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Radiation Tumor Therapy with Beams of Ions
8 X-Ray Beams 2 Ion Beams
Page 3 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Oncoray @ Dresden
Oncoray is the
German National Center for
Translational Cancer Research
Page 4 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Oncoray @ Dresden
Can we make
this compact &
affordable?
Page 5 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Laser-driven
Ion Acceleration
Page 6 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
DRACO High-Power Laser
25 x 10-15 seconds pulse duration
2 x 1014 Watts peak power
10 x worldwide power consumption
200000000000000 W
in
0.000000000000025 s
Compact High Power Lasers
Page 7 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
How does one accelerate Ions with Lasers?
High
Power Laser
Metal Foil
Page 8 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
The Working Horse ─ Target Normal Sheath Acceleration
Laser ionizes target front
side up to critical density
Electrons accelerated by
laser force in bunches
(10-100 fs time scale)
Page 9 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
The Working Horse ─ Target Normal Sheath Acceleration
Electrons form sheath
at rear surface
Energy transfer from
electrons to ions
Page 10 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
The Working Horse ─ Target Normal Sheath Acceleration
Page 11 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
First dose-controlled Laser-Proton-Irradiation of Cancer Cells
Page 12 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
A compact, isochronous Gantry using Pulsed Magnets
Page 13 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Spread-out Bragg-Peak Irradiation with Broad Energy Beams
The flatter the dose plateau,
the better the dose control
Page 14 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
In Reality, this will look nicer
Page 15 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Oncoray @ Dresden
Yes, we can
(probably)
Page 16 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Oncoray @ Dresden
So, what do you
do with GPUs?
Page 17 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
3D3V Particle-in-Cell Code
Fully GPU-accelerated C++
Open Source
See picongpu.hzdr.de
Page 18 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Plasma Simulation using the Particle-in-Cell Technique
─
+
+
+
─
─
─
Field Domain Particle Domain
Page 19 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Creating vectorized Data Structures for Particles and Fields
Field Domain Particle Domain
Cell 1 Cell 1
Cell 2 Cell 4
+ 1 2
3 4
+
+ +
+ +
+
+
Page 20 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Thread-wise Operations on Fields and Particles in Shared Memory
SHM
Cell 1 Cell 1
Cell 2 Cell 4
+ 1 2
3 4
+
+ +
THREAD BLOCK
THREAD 1 THREAD 2 THREAD 4 THREAD 3
Page 21 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Task-Parallel Execution of Kernels + Asynchronous Communication
Page 22 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Particle-in-Cell
GPU-only code!
Page 23 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Oncoray @ Dresden
Does it work?
Page 24 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Targets must be held by „something“
© Peter Hilz, LMU
Before laser pulse 100 ps after laser pulse
Page 25 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Sometimes, you just need a little force…
© Peter Hilz, LMU
Page 26 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
100µm
Levitating Targets in a Paul Traps
© Peter Hilz, LMU
Page 27 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Simulating levitating Targets on TITAN
Five 3D Simulations (+many 2D)
100 nc, resolving lplasma
1 ps duration @ as resolution
ORNL INCITE Highlight
Page 28 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Validation ─ Diffraction of Laser on Target
© Peter Hilz, LMU
Simulation
Experiment
Page 29 Michael Bussmann · Computational Radiation Physics · www.hzdr.de/crp
m.bussmann@hzdr.de
Thank you!
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