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Regional Development Study Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia
Program
UniversitasGadjah Mada
UniversitasGadjah Mada
UniversitasGadjah Mada
Asian UrbanReseach Association
(AURA)
Asian UrbanReseach Association
(AURA)
Asian UrbanReseach Association
(AURA)
Shippensburg Universityof Pennsylvania
Shippensburg Universityof Pennsylvania
Shippensburg Universityof Pennsylvania
University of CologneUniversity of CologneUniversity of Cologne
Forum for Urban Futurein Southeast Asia and
German Expert Ikatan GeografIndonesia (IGI)Ikatan GeografIndonesia (IGI)Ikatan GeografIndonesia (IGI)Ikatan GeografIndonesia (IGI)
Forum for Urban Futurein Southeast Asia and
German Expert
Forum for Urban Futurein Southeast Asia and
German Expert
The
13
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Committees of The 13 InternationalAsian Urbanization Conference
th
Badan Penerbit Fakultas Geografi (BPFG)Universitas Gadjah Mada
Yogyakarta
Association ofAmerican Geographers (AAG)
T h e A s i a nG e o g r a p h yS p e c i a l i t y Group (AGSP)
T h e R e g i o n a lDevelopment andPlanning Speciaity Group (RDPSG)
Association ofAmerican Geographers (AAG)
T h e A s i a nG e o g r a p h yS p e c i a l i t y Group (AGSP)
T h e R e g i o n a lDevelopment andPlanning Speciaity Group (RDPSG)
Association ofAmerican Geographers (AAG)
T h e A s i a nG e o g r a p h yS p e c i a l i t y Group (AGSP)
T h e R e g i o n a lDevelopment andPlanning Speciaity Group (RDPSG)
PROCEEDINGPROCEEDINGPROCEEDINGPROCEEDINGThe 13 International Asian
Urbanization Conference
thThe 13 International AsianUrbanization Conference
thThe 13 International AsianUrbanization Conference
thThe 13 International AsianUrbanization Conference
thth
ISBN : 978-979-8786-58-7
Badan Penerbit Fakultas Geografi (BPFG)Universitas Gadjah Mada
Yogyakarta
Rapid Urbanization and Sustainable
Development in Asia
Rapid Urbanization and Sustainable
Development in Asia
Regional Development Study Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia
Program
Committees of The 13 InternationalAsian Urbanization Conference
th
UtrechtUniversity Utrecht
University Utrecht
University
PROCEEDING The 13th International Asian
Urbanization Conference
Rapid Urbanization and Sustainable
Development in Asia ISBN : 978-979-8786-58-7
Editor Rini Rachmawati George Pomeroy
Debnath Mookherjee
Badan Penerbit Fakultas Geografi Universitas Gadjah Mada
Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Proceeding The 13th International Asian Urbanization Conference Rapid Urbanization and Sustainable Development In Asia
ISBN : 978-979-8786-58-7 ©2016 Badan Penerbit Fakultas Geografi Universitas Gadjah Mada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying recording, scanning, or otherwise without written permission of the Publisher. Layout : Estin Sulistyani
Diana Febrita Umar El Izzuddin Kiat
Cover Design : Diana Febrita Cover Photo : Rini Rachmawati
Editorial address :
Regional Development Study Program Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Indonesia Tel: (+62) 0274-589595, Fax: +62274-589595 E-mail:auc2016aura@geo.ugm.ac.id
Published by :
Badan Penerbit Fakultas Geografi (BPFG) Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Indonesia Tel: (+62) 0274-589595, Fax: +62274-589595 E-mail : geografi@geo.ugm.ac.id www.geo.ugm.ac.id
STEERING COMMITTEE
Prof. Ashok K. Dutt (Founding Member of Asian Urban Research Association, Professor Emeritus, University of Akron)
Prof. George Pomeroy (Executive Secretary of Asian Urban Research Association)
Prof. Dr. Suratman, M.Sc. (Vice Rector of UniversitasGadjahMada)
Prof. Dr. R. Rijanta, M.Sc. (Dean of Faculty of Geography, UniversitasGadjahMada)
SCIENTIFIC BOARD
Prof. Dr. R. Rijanta, M.Sc.(UniversitasGadjahMada, Indonesia)
Prof. Dr.rer.nat. Muh.ArisMarfai, M.Sc.(UniversitasGadjahMada, Indonesia)
Dr. Sukamdi, M.Sc.(UniversitasGadjahMada, Indonesia)
Dr. RiniRachmawati, S.Si., M.T.(UniversitasGadjahMada, Indonesia)
Prof. George M. Pomeroy(Shippensburg University, USA)
Prof. LilianaDumitrache(University of Bucharest, Romania)
Prof. B. R. K. Sinha(Banaras Hindu University, India)
Prof. Anne Haila(University of Helsinki, Finland)
Dr. Tim Bunnel(National University of Singapore, Singapore)
Dr. K.C. Ho(National University of Singapore, Singapore)
Dr. Hong ChingGoh(Universiti of Malaya, Malaysia)
MonsichaBejrananda, Ph.D.(University of KhonKaen, Thailand)
Dr. DebnathMookherjee(Western Washington University, USA)
KEYNOTE SPEECH
Prof. Ashok K. Dutt (Founding Member of Asian Urban Research Association, Professor Emeritus in Public
Administration and Urban Studies, Geography and Planning University of Akron)
Prof. Dr.FraukeKraas (Professor for Human Geography, Department of Geography, Mega-Urban Research of
Southeast Asia, University of Cologne, Germany)
Prof. Dr.AnneliesZoomers (Professor in Human Geography and Planning, Head of Programme, International
Development Studies, Utrecht University, Netherlands)
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Chair:
Dr. RiniRachmawati, S.Si., M.T.
Members: Dr. rer. pol. DyahWidiyastuti, S.T., M.CP. Dr. EstuningTyasWulan Mei, S.Si., M.Sc.
SuraniHasanati, S.Si, M.Sc. Alia Fajarwati, S.Si., M.IDEA M. IsnaeniSadali, S.Si., M.Sc.
Dr. AndriKurniawan, S.Si.,M.Si AgungSatriyoNugroho, S.Si.
Joni Purwohandoyo, S.Si., M.Sc. AgungBudiono, S.Pi.,M.Eng.
YukeNoriAurumbita, S.Si., MSc. AriniMurwindati, S.Si.
SheilyWidyaningsih, S.Si. IntanPandini, S.Si. AgungJauhari, S.Si.
TrafikaAnggini EstinSulistyani Diana Febrita
Umar El IzzuddinKiat DwiAjiKurniawan
BagusSuwito, A.Md. BudhiSantoso, SIP.
DyahFitriaDewi Citra AmaliaWaskita
AndriWidayanti TaufieqTresnawan
PREFACE These proceedings are issued in the context of the 13th International Asian Urbanization
Conference that will be held on January 6 and 7, 2016. This 13th International Asian
Urbanization Conference is hosted by Regional Development Study Program, Faculty of
Geography, UniversitasGadjahMada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in association with the Asian
Urban Research Association (AURA). AURA was established in January 1986 and is
administered at Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, USA. It is a non-profit research
organization whose primary purpose is to promote the study of urbanization and urban
growth and to organize Asian Urbanization Conferences. The conferences are biennial (held
every other/alternate year) and have resulted in many publications.These proceedings are
expected to be one of the publications that may be improved to be a book.
The theme of this seminar is Rapid Urbanisation and Sustainable Development in Asia.It is
an important topic to discuss since rapid urbanization has currently become a big issue that
hits almost Asian countries. In the context of achieving balanced and sustainable
development, it is necessary to conduct a study to help solve problems related to
urbanization. Because of too broad issues related to urbanization, it is necessary to discuss
the theme in groups. The theme is divided into several sub-themes, i.e. Rural-Urban
Transformation; Urban Resilient, Risk and Disaster Management Urbanization; Employment
and Urban Poverty; Urbanization in The Era of Information and Communication Technology;
Urban Planning and Urban Governance; Socio-Economic Impact of Urbanization; Slum
Upgrading and Capacity Building; Land, Urban Development and Housing in Asia; Urban
Futures and Aspirations; Communities and the Asian City; Natural Resource Governance and
Urbanization; Contested Urban Space; Innovative Approaches to Urban Issues; Urbanisation
in Southeast Asia: The Challenge and Solution for The Future, Urbanisation and Geography
in The Global Era and Managing Urban and Rural Transformation in Indonesia as well.
I would like to thank all parties for their support to succeed this seminar.A great number of
people contributed to the success of this seminar. Particular thanks are owed to the
following: Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) and Faculty of Geography, UGM that facilitate
the implementation of this seminar; AURA that gave UGM the chance to hold this seminar;
Colleagues from different universitiesfor their roles in becoming keynote speakers and
scientific board, as well as in contributing to presenting papers in these proceedings. They
come from University of Akron- USA, University of Cologne-Germany, Utrecht University-
Netherlands, UniversitasGadjahMada-Indonesia, Shippensburg University-USA, University of
Bucharest-Romania, Banaras Hindu University-India, University of Helsinki- Finland, National
University of Singapore-Singapore, University of Malaya-Malaysia, KhonKaen University-
Thailand, Western Washington University-USA; Association of American Geographers
(AAG), The Asian Geography Specialty Group (AGSP), The Regional Development and
Planning Specialty Group (RDPSG), ForUm for Urban Future in Southeast Asia, Network of
Southeast Asian and German Experts (ForUm), IkatanGeograf Indonesia
(IGI)andAsosiasiSekolahPerencanaan Indonesia (ASPI); All speakers for their contribution
to these proceedings with the hope that their ideas are very useful to solve problems
related to urbanization to develop better and more sustainable cities; All committee
members for their last one-year hard work to prepare this seminar.Last but not least, All
parties for their help and support to arrange and publish these proceedings.
Hopefully, these proceedings are very meaningful in the world of science for those who are
interested in the study and doing research for the sake of improving the science related to
urbanization.
Yogyakarta, January 2016
Conference Chair
Dr. RiniRachmawati, S.Si., M.T.
PREFACE No matter the measure - direct or indirect; absolute or relative;be it urbanization rates, city
sizes, or closely associated items such as social change, demographic profile, GNP per capita,
environmental indicator, technological landmarks, or development indices–urbanization has
marched momentously and relentlesslyin a constant direction, impacting the lives not of
millions or even hundreds of millions, but rather billions. On no stage has this march been
as dramatic in magnitude and as intenselyvariable in nature as it has in Asia. Indeed, today
nearly one-half of the world’s urban population resides in Asia.
While the process of urbanization began much earlier, a marked, measured, and more
carefully documented urbanization has characterized the planet since 1950. At that time,
Asia collectively had 17.5% of its population, or 244 million people, living in urban areas. In
the 65 years since that time, Asia has brought that percentage to 48.2% and has added an
astounding 1.868 billion people to its cities.
This conference and the conference series is dedicated to the exchange of views and
experiences on cities, metropolitan areas, urbanization, and closely related social,
economic, political, and environmental issues in the Asian context. Now it is 13th iteration
and celebrating its 30th anniversary, it has observed and studied Asian urbanization over a
span of time that has seen 1.248 billion people arrived by birth, migration, or urban
redefinition, as dwellers in Asia’s cities. The inexorable march of urbanization has
weathered and the conference series has witnessed (as well as studied)tremendous changes
and challenges to Asian cities. Globalization has further bound the futures of countries and
their citiestogether. Assorted conflicts and insurrections, along with pervasive issues of
poverty and environmental quality have continued impacts. In the last two decades, the
region was buffeted by a currency crisis and global recession. At the same time, and in a
more positive light, quality of life and well-being have improved tremendously across much
of Asia and especially within its cities. For most people, Incomes have risen, life
expectancies lengthened and freedoms expanded – all in close association with
urbanization. Now, a looming issue likely more daunting than all other issues before it,
climate change brings its own sets of obstacles and exacerbates many others. Hopefully,
new strands of thought, including the notion of sustainability, can provide a pathways to
better cities and better lives.
Like those before it, this conference and its proceedings, are dedicated to the research,
planning, and problem-solving related to the phenomena of Asian cities. The papers herein
continue the rich legacy established by an initial Asian urbanization conference held in 1985.
That conference, organized a complementary team of four expert researchers, was a
phenomenal success. Afterwards, this close-knit team of respected scholars, comprised of
Frank Costa, Laurence J.C. Ma, Allen G. Noble, and Ashok K. Dutt, its energetic leader,
recognized that they had initiated a remarkable conference series that speaks to a particular
and eclectic niche related to Asian cities and resonates with a corresponding set of scholars
and practitioners.
Just as the last 30 years has seen the development of arich intellectual and practical legacy
to this important conference series, it is hoped that the next 30 years provides a similar
legacy. This 13th conference, as the first held in a Southeast Asian venue expands the
scholarly frontiers to include a new and refreshing set of scholars and practitioners, thus
further burnishing the legacy of the Asian Urbanization Conference Series. Indeed, this
proceedings of The 13th Asian Urbanization Conference does provide an excellent
foundation for purpose of continuing this rich and vibrant legacy.
Sincerely,
Prof. Ashok K. Dutt(Founding Member of Asian Urban Research Association, Professor Emeritus, University of Akron)
Prof. George Pomeroy (Executive Secretary of Asian Urban Research Association)
TABEL OF CONTENTS
NO
RURAL-URBAN TRANSFORMATION
1 DECENTRALIZED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN PERI-URBAN BANGKOK: DEVOLUTION, PARTICIPATION AND ROLE OF ………………………………………………………………………………..……………… 1
Amorn Kritsanaphan 2 PRO POOR DEVELOPMENT IN EMPOWERING POOR FARMER HOUSEHOLD TO ALLEVIATE
POVERTY BY GETTING STABILITY …………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 Ferdianta Wahyu Nur Pratama
3 RURAL TRANSFORMATION AND RURAL-URBAN LINKAGES: THE CASE OF KAMPUNG PERUAS, MALAYSIA ……………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………... 25
Ibrahim Ngah, Khairul Hisyam Kamarudin, Hamid Saad 4 URBAN SPRAWL OF AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND, 1842-2014: SPATIAL PATTERNS AND
DRIVERS 44 Jay Gao
5 HISTORY AND TEMPO OF URBANIZATION IN INDONESIA 1980-2010 …………………………………..... 55 Muhammad Arif Fahrudin Alfana, Hafidz Bachtiar, and Widha Ayu Nur Permata Hanif
6 SETTLEMENT GROWTH IN NGAGELREJO VILLAGE SUB DISTRICT SURABAYA CITY ………………..... 61 M. Fikri Amrullah, Nugroho Hari Purnomo
7 LAND USE CHANGE IN URBAN FRINGES: A THREAT TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA ……………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………..……………….. 66
Nina Novira, Restu 8 THE EMERGENCE OF INFORMAL ACTORS IN “TERRITORY” AS A CONSEQUENCE OF AREA
TRANSFORMATION. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 76 Nuzula Ichwanun Nabila, Bastian Widyatama, Tasha Nastiti Waris
9 RURAL URBAN LINKAGES AND SHOPPING DESTINATION FOR HOUSEHOLDS NEEDS IN SEMARANG DISTRICT …………………………………………………………………………………………….………………. 83
Puji Hardati, R. Rijanta, Su Ritohardoyo 10 URBAN - RURAL - BORDER (SOCIAL) INTERACTION STRUCTURE IN STRATEGIC AREAS IN
INDONESIA ……………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………..……………….. 90 Syaiful Muazir, Horng-Chang Hsieh
11 THE TRANSITION OF SUBURBAN KAMPUNG IN JABODETABEK ………………………………………......... 99 Tsuguta Yamashita, Kengo Hayashi
12 URBAN SPATIAL GROWTH AND LAND TRANSFORMATION ANALYSIS USING HIGH RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING DATA …………………………………………………………………………………… 111
Virendra Kumar, Kamlesh Bhalavi, Rajiv Mohan 13 PATTERN OF FORMAL HOUSING WORKING TRIPS AT THE URBAN FRINGE AREA IN
PEKANBARU ……………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………...……………….. 125 Yogaffri Zaini, Puji Astuti, Mardianto Manan
URBAN RESILIENCE, RISK AND URBAN POVERTY
1 SPATIAL TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF AIR SURFACE TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR IN SMALL CITY
(UNIVERSITY) ……………………………………………………………………………….. …………………….………………... 139 Adi Wibowo, Jarot Mulyo Semedi
2 LAND USE COVER AND ITS EFFECT ON URBAN HEAT SIGNATURES: A SPATIAL-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS ……………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………..... 148
Adi Wibowo, Kharulmaini Osman Shaleh 3 SEMARANG CITY AND SUBSIDENCE : FROM SCIENTIFIC DATA TO TERRITORIAL RESILIENCE….... 158 Clara Villar, Bernard Guézo , Muhammad Helmi, Ita Widowati
4 TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE: ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES IN YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA ………………………………………………............. 163
Furstenberg Jana, Kubisch Susanne, Niederer Stefan, Salow Tim, Unthan Nils, Hinzpeter Kilian, Hoyoz Leonhard, Kranebitter Simon, Sandholzer Fabian, Scheur Dominik, Sandholz Simone, Hoferl Karl-Michael
5 URBANIZATION TRENDS AND GROUNDWATER ISSUES IN ASIAN CITIES ……………………………...... 174 Neethu Vijayan, Shaharudin Idrus, Mazlin Bin Mokhtar, Nimisha Krishnankutty
6 IMPACTS OF FLOOD TOWARDS THE URBAN HEALTH IN MALAYSIA. …………………………………....... 184 Nurfarahain, Z., Shaharudin Idrus, Nor Lita Fadilah, R.
7 BARRIERS TO INTEGRATING CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION INTO URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA ……………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………..……………….. 189
Nurrohman Wijaya 8 CLIMATE SERVICES: PRODUCING USEFULSCIENCE FOR URBAN RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE
INVESTMENTS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 199 Sophie Webber
9 COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTIONS AND BEHAVIOUR FOR CLIMATE CHANGE IN DRINKINGWATER SECTOR ……………………………………………………………………………………...……………… 210
Yudha Heston
URBANIZATION, EMPLOYMENT, AND URBAN POVERTY
1 EXPENSES OF MONEY OF URBAN HOUSELESS POPULATION: A CASE STUDY ……………………....... 222 Jabir Hasan Khan, Shamshad
2 URBANIZATION, EMPLOYMENT AND URBAN POVERTY IN VIETNAM DURING THE EARLY INDUSTRIAL PERIOD ……………………………………………………………………………………………...………………. 240
LUU Bich Ngoc, NGUYEN Thi Thieng 3 RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY IN THE SUB-URBAN OF SEMARANG-CENTRAL JAVA ……………………....... 264 Moh Gamal Rindarjono
4 DISTRIBUTION OF INFORMAL SECTOR IN INDONESIAN URBAN AREA ………………………………....... 282 Widha Ayu Nur Permata Hanif, Hafidz Bachtiar, Muhammad Arif Fahrudin Alfana
URBANIZATION IN THE ERA OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY
1 URBANIZATION IN THE ERA OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)..... 289
Rini Rachmawati 2 METRO MANILA’S COMPETING BUSINESS DISTRICTS: EDGE CITIES, PHILIPPINE STYLE? ……….... 300 BOQUET, Yves
3 TELEMATIC PLATFORMS TO MORE INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE CITIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND INDONESIA ……………………………… ……………………………………... 312
Flávio Nunes 4 ICT EMBEDDED CITIES: SCENARIOS, ICT APPLICATIONS IN CITIES, AND CHALLENGES …………..... 321 Mani K. Madala
5 DEALING WITH A TECHNOPOLE : STRENGHTNING SMALL CITY DEVELOPMENT …………………..... 332 Ridwan Sutriadi
URBAN PLANNING AND URBAN GOVERNANCE
1 STUDY ON MODEL OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS USING IN ROAD TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT …………………………………………………………………………...………...... 340
Bui Thi Hoang LAN (PhD) 2 CHILDREN DRAWING THEIR ENVIRONMENT ………………………………………………………………..………... 355 Eka Dyana Yulandari, Roswita Dharmasanti, Tety Widyaningrum, Nirania Galuh Putrie,
Lambang Septiawan, Alia Fajarwati 3 CONFLICT AND SOLUTION FOR JOMBOR FLYOVER DEVELOPMENT ISSUES, SINDUADI, MLATI,
SLEMAN ……………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………...………………... 361 Janu Muhammad, Nurhadi
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF URBANIZATION
1 URBANIZATION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHANGES IN SELONG TOWN, INDONESIA ………………. 371 Baiq Liana Widiyanti
2 URBANIZATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: ETHNIC ASPECTS ……………………………......... 382 Gulnara Nyussupova, Student Damira Tazhiyeva
3 DEVELOPMENT OF URBANITE ILLEGAL BUSINESS TO BE A TOWN CITIZEN OF THE COOPERATIVE ……………………………………………………………………………….. …………………..……………….. 393
Sukarno Hardjosoewito, Rachmawati Novaria
SLUM UPGRADING AND CAPABILITY BUILDING
1 CHARACTERISTICS OF SLUM POPULATION IN INDIA…………………………………………………………........ 402
B.R.K. Sinha, Prabhakar Nishad, Brijendra Nath Singh
2 PATTERN OF SLUM POPULATION IN INDIA……………………………………………...……………...…….…....... 414 B.R.K. Sinha
3 STATUS OF SOCIAL AMENITIES IN SLUMS OF INDIA……………………………………………………..............
425 B.R.K. Sinha, Brijendra Nath Singh, Prabhakar Nishad
URBAN FUTURES AND ASPIRATIONS
1 THE EMERGING OF KUALA LUMPUR EXTENDED MEGA URBAN REGION (KLEMUR) ……………….. 437 Abdul Samad Hadi, Shaharudin Idrus, Mohd Raffi Othman, dan Mohd Raihan Taha
2 SLUM YOUTH-CHILDREN COLLECTIVES TOWARDS SELF-CONFIDENCE, EDUCATION, TEAM-SKILLS ……………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………..………………..... 448
Agarwal Siddharth, Agarwal Kabir, Verma Neeraj, Verma Shabnam, Sharma M. R., Sharma C.B.
3 EMPOWERED SLUM WOMEN'S-GROUPS NEGOTIATE TO IMPROVE URBAN HEALTH GOVERNANCE, ACCESS TO ENTITLEMENTS ………………………………………………………………..………..... 456
Agarwal Siddharth, Verma Shabnam, Verma Neeraj, Agarwal Kabir, Sharma M.R., Sharma C.B 4 PLANNING GALLERIES AS SITES OF ASSERTION AND ASPIRATION - THE SINGAPORE’S CITY
GALLERY ……………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………...... 465 Michael R. Glass
5 THE ROLE OF URBAN CULTURAL HERITAGE IN KATHMANDU, NEPAL, AND YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA ……………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………..……………….. 481
Simone Sandholz
NATURAL RESOURCES GOVERNANCE AND URBANIZATION
1 ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRITY: A CASE STUDY OF THREE RAPIDLY URBANIZED MAJOR CITIES.... 497 Shagufa Tazin Shathy, Mohammad Imam Hasan Reza
COMMUNITIES AND THE ASIAN CITY
1 COLLECTIVE SAVINGS AND LOANS BY SLUM WOMEN’S-GROUPS FOR HEALTH, EDUCATION, SOCIAL RESILIENCE……………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………..…….. 506
Agarwal Siddharth, Verma Shabnam, Verma Neeraj, Agarwal Kabir, Sharma M.R., Sharma C.B 2 WE TOO EXIST: EMERGING SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FORMATION OF LOWER CASTES IN AN
INDIAN CITY, JAMMU……………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………..…. 517 Devinder Singh
3 LIFESTYLE MIGRANTS’ UTOPIA IN HUALIEN, TAIWAN: SECOND-HAND SHOPS AND THE LANDSCAPE OF “BETTER LIFE” ……………………………………………………………………………….. …............. 523
Jun Hua Lin 4 ALTERNATIVE PUBLIC SPACES: SPACE FOR COMMUNITY ACTIVITY AND PARTICAPATORY
URBAN DESIGN IN ROCHOR+, SINGAPORE……………………………………………………………………………… 533 Ostertag
5 "6,700 PEOPLE FOR 6,700 TREES” – THE EVOLVEMENT OF AN URBAN COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE……………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………..………………...... 548
Sandra Kurfurst 6 SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY STARTS FROM COMMUNITY: DEVELOPMENT RESPONSE TO
COMMUNAL CONFLICT IN INDONESIA………………………………………………………………………………....... 556 Wisnu Setiawan
LAND, URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND HOUSING IN ASIA
1 URBANIZATION, HOUSING CONDITIONS AMONG URBAN VULNERABLE IN INDIA– IMPLICATIONS FOR ACTION……………………………………………………………………………….. ……………....... 569
Agarwal Siddharth, Agarwal Kabir, Sahoo, Prakasha 2 TOWARD THE URBAN REAL ESTATE GOVERNANCE? LAND RENT, BUILT ENVIRONMENT, AND
THE FUNCTIONAL SELECTIVITY OF LAND VALUE………………………………………………………….............. 580 Cassidy I-Chih Lan, Chen-Jai Lee
3 GATED COMMUNITY RESIDENTS AND THEIR SENSE OF SAFETY: A CASE STUDY OF BANGKOK... 589 Chaitawat Boonjubun
4 PARADIGM SHIFTS IN THE INTERNATIONAL HOUSING DEBATE AND ITS LOCAL IMPLICATIONS FOR SURAKARTA’S……………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………….......... 597
Christiam Obermayr, Winn Astuti 5 LAND PREDICTION OF AVAILABLE AREA FOR HOUSING IN 2017 BY USING MARKOV CHAIN ..... 608 Dwi Santy Ratnasari, Puspa Kusumawardani
6 SPATIAL TRENDS OF URBAN PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF YOGYAKARTA CITY DURING 1756-2015……………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………… 617
Djaka Marwasta 7 ANALYSING ABILITY FACTORS FOR HOUSING OWNERSHIP TOWARDS URBAN LIVABILITY………. 628 Elia Syarafina Abdul Shakur, Ahmad Fariz Mohamed, Samad Abdul Hadi
8 COMPREHENSIVE SOLUTIONS TO STIMULATE HOUSING GROWTH IN PERI-URBAN AREAS OF SURABAYA ……………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………..... 639
I Dewa Made Frendika Septanaya 9 LAND RIGHTS IN CHINA’S "VILLAGE TO RESIDENCE COMMUNITY" A CASE STUDY OF CAITANG,
XIAMEN………………………………………………………………………….. ………………………………………................ 648 Sa Haoxocuan
10 INSTITUTIONAL, TRANSACTION COST AND LAND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS IN INDONESIA: TOWARD A THEORETICAL ASSESSMENT………………………….. ………………………………………............... 655
Yuni Nurhayati, Adiwan F Aritening, Delik Hudalah
CONTESTED URBAN PUBLIC SPACE
1 MANAGING URBAN SPACE FOR SUSTAINABLE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE LANGAT BASIN, MALAYSIA ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………… 665
Ahmad Fariz Mohamed, Shaharudin, Idrus, Abdul Samad Hadi 2 COMMUNITY BARRICADES: SUBALTERN IMAGINARIES AND POLITICAL PERFORMANCE
TOWARDS A RIGHT TO THE CITY ……………………………………………………………………………...……………. 674 Chester Antonino C. Arcilla
3 HERITAGE-MAKING IN CONTESTED URBAN SPACES : RELEVANCE FOR COMMUNITY AND CITY. 683 Kong-Chong HO
4 THE KHMER ROUGE REGIME: ANTI-URBANISM …………………………………………………………….……….. 693 Savina Sirik
5 GLOBAL PUBLIC SPACE, PROPOSING A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR PUBLIC SPACE …………………...... 704
Ostertag
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO URBAN ISSUES
1 CAN PARADISE AND THE CITY CO-EXIST? THE POTENTIALS OF ARCHITECTURAL INSTRUMENTALITY TO RECREATE PARADISE IDYLLS AROUND ……………………………………….…....... 717
Adrianne Joergensen, M.Arch 2 EMPOWERED SLUM WOMEN’S-GROUPS NEGOTIATE TO IMPROVE URBAN HEALTH
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THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN
THE URBAN FINGER AREA OF YOGYAKARTA
Rika Harini, Emilia Nurjani, Rina Ariani1
Faculty of Geography, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Abstract Agriculture is a sector food providers who are closely related with phenomena of nature one of them is climate change. Climate change has affected directly or indirectly by human activity would change the composition of the atmosphere in a long period of time. The purpose of this research is to know the impact of inflicted a result of climate change on the production and agricultural productivity.
The research was conducted in Sleman district that is a urban fringe area of Yogyakarta City. The research analyzed in descriptive quantitative data based on secondary data such as climate and agricultural production and productivity data.
The results of the study represented through table, a chart or maps. The results showed that rainfall affecting agricultural activities mainly on rice commodities maize, peanut and cassava.
The influence of rainfall in urban fringe area of Yogyakarta especially Sleman district for the production of corn while 55,9 % and 43,8 % for cassava commodities. In commodities peanut influence rainfall of 70.6 % and 70,2 % for commodities rice. Climate change as an indirect impact on the results of agricultural production in the urban fringe area of Yogyakarta.
Keywords Climate Change, Agricultural Sector, Urban Fringe
1. Introduction Agriculture is a sector food providers related to natural phenomena, one of which
is climate change. Climate change according to Trenberth, Houghton and Filho (1995) in Hidayati (2001) is a fluctuation or changes which tend to be recurrent in a climate that is influenced directly or indirectly by human activities are changing the composition of the atmosphere in a long period. The result of the existence of climate change is a
1Corresponding author. E-mail address: rikaharini@ugm.ac.id; n_emilya@geo.ugm.ac.id;rina_ariani18@yahoo.co.id
Sub-Theme: (15)
phenomenon El Nino and La Nina phenomena to Indonesia where El-Nino would cause drought due to decreasing rainfall below normal. While the La-Nina phenomenon has an impact on the increase in rainfall in Indonesia that led to the occurrence of floods (Effendis, 2001). Drought and floods will cause the occurrence of failed harvest.A decrease in the amount of precipitation that occurs in some parts of Indonesia, especially in JavaIsland will prolong the dry season, where the seasons change that occurs is very extreme. The rainy season is going to be very wet and dry season will be very dry and long.
In addition to rainfall, climate change has also led to a change in temperature. Where according to the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change or IPCC (2007), a temperature increase of 2degrees Celsius will lose 30% of agricultural production, whereas the global average temperature rises of 2-2.4 degrees Celsius.
The agricultural sector is the leading sector both in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. In 2012 the agricultural sector contributes 21.09% in GDP. However, the occurrence of climate change will influence the decline of agricultural production in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
2. Material and Methods The determination of research location using purposive sampling method.Sleman is
a suburb of the city. El Nino and La Nina also gave the impact in Sleman Regency. The impact caused irregular season turnover as well as affect the planting patterns in the agricultural sector. Analysis method using descriptive quantitative analysis base on the data climate, agricultural production and agricultural productivity.
Research methods using simple regression analysis. Simple regression analysis was use to test the influence of independent variables (Climate change) against a dependent variable (production and productivity agriculture). Simple regression analysis equation is:
Description :
Y : Dependent variable
X : Independent variable
a : intersep
b : Coefficient regression
Decision making by comparing the significance value with probability 0.05. If the significance value is less than 0.05 meaning independent variable influential in significant against dependent variable. However, if the significance value is more than 0,05 than the independent variable no significantly effect on a dependent variable.
3. Results and Discussion The agricultural sector need to adapt climate change because of the higher
temperatures and changing precipitation patterns the climatic zones and the pattern of agricultural production will be undergoing change. Climate change will have an impact on the shift of the season that is increasingly in short rainy season yet with greater rainfall so that the planting pattern will undergo a shift. Besides the damage to crops occurs due to high rainfall intensities resulted in flooding and wind.
Sleman Regency still rely on agriculture as the mainstay of economic sectors. This is due to the geographical condition of which supports such as land suitable for agriculture. According to the Department of Agriculture Sleman Regency (2011)
Y = a + bX (1)
agricultural development is capable of supporting the production of food crops to meet the needs of the population. But the extreme climate change (high rainfall) and an increasing pest affect the production and productivity of some food crops. Besides the increasing population led to increased land requirements and land use changes.
Figure 1. Land Use Map Urban Finger Area of Yogyakarta
Land use map use shows that in suburbs of Sleman Regency was dominated the settlement. Rainfall in this region has no effect on the production and productivity agricultural this is due to the influence of the human factor is more dominate than natural factors. In addition the land use for farming in the area is not so widespread because of many changes in land use from agricultural land into building.
Table 1. The Results of Regression Rainfall with Agricultural Production in Sleman Regency
No. Production R Square
Constant (B)
Coefficient Sig.
1 Rice 0,074 10504,359 33.951 0,448
2 Corn 0,000 169,943 0,000 0,995
3 Peanuts 0,330 122,917 0,059 0,082
4 Soybeans 0,219 179,812 -1,232 0,172
5 Cassava 0,081 177,761 -0,009 0,426
6 Cassava vines 0,564 -60,140 2,172 0,012
Based on table 1 note the significance value of the rainfall to each agricultural production on a column Sig more than 0.05. That means rainfall has no effect against the amount of agricultural production in the research area. This is due to the extensive agricultural land that exists in this area is too narrow, whereas the number of most
agricultural production depend of extensive farmland. Different case with the influence of rainfall against the cassava vine production. Sig value less than 0,05 (0,012) wich means that rainfall affects 56,4% cassava vines production while 43,6% in the influence of other factors.
Base on regression analysis between the rainfall with cassava vines productions in research area can be inferred linear equations
With Y = production of cassava vines (Kw/Ha) dan X = rainfall (mm/years). Based on these equations stated that the positive effect of rainfall against the cassava vines production in the research area. The higher rainfall then cassava vines production also will be higher.
Table 2. The Results Regression of Rainfall with The Productivity Agriculture in Sleman Regency
No. Production R Square
Constant (B)
Coefficient Sig.
1 Rice 0,316 32,483 0,145 0,091
2 Corn 0,803 30,200 2,496 0,000
3 Peanuts 0,641 76,358 10,094 0,005
4 Soybeans 0,310 182,203 -2,486 0,094
5 Cassava 0,209 201,272 -0,169 0,184
6 Cassava vines 0,005 159.448 0,495 0,851
Table 2 shows the result of regression rainfall by productivity farming results in the research area. The rainfall only affect crop productivity of corn and peanuts. This is evidenced by the value significance 0,000 and 0,005 less than 0,05. The contribution of rainfall against the corn productivity of 80,3% and the rest is influenced by other factors. The contribution of rainfall against productivity peanuts of 64,1% and the rest is influenced by other factors. The value of contribution prove that rainfall has an impact on the productivity of corn and peanuts.
Base on regression analysis between the rainfall with corn productions in research area can be inferred linear equations
With Y = production of corn (Kw/Ha) dan X = rainfall (mm/years). Based on these equations stated that the positive effect of rainfall against the corn production in the research area. The higher rainfall then corn production also will be higher.
Base on regression analysis between the rainfall with peanuts productions in research area can be inferred linear equations
Y = 30,200 + 2,496X (3)
Y = -60,140 + 2,172X (2)
With Y = production of peanuts (Kw/Ha) dan X = rainfall (mm/years). Based on these equations stated that the positive effect of rainfall against the peanuts production in the research area. The higher rainfall then peanuts production also will be higher.
Regression analysis between the precipitation with productivity in Sleman show in table that the rainfall only affected the productivity of corn and peanuts. The rainfall did not affect the productivity of food crops such as rice, soybeans, cassava and cassava vine. This is evidenced by the significance value (Sig) rainfall against of the food crop productivity is more than 5% (0,05).Rainfall does not affect most of the food crop productivity in research area. This is due to irrigation in research area can be sufficient agricultural need, so a low rainfall would not be so affected the agricultural productivity.
4. Conclusion Not all production and productivity of agricultural affected by the rainfall. Rainfall in
research area affect the production of cassava vines as wes as the productivity of corn and peanuts. This is due to the research area of the water availability to meet the need of agricultural land is still insufficient.
Acknoledgements
Researchers say thanks to Faculty of Geography of The Universitas Gadjah Mada Thant has been providing a place for the publication of the journal through “The 13th Internasional Asian Urbanization Conference”.
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Y = 0,641 + 76,358X (4)
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