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Class MammaliaClass Mammalia
Subclass TheriaSubclass Theria
Infraclass EutheriaInfraclass Eutheria
Order Primates: Order Primates:
The PrimatesThe Primates
Primate taxonomy and distributionPrimate taxonomy and distribution
Note: Most primates live in the tropics or subtropics.
What makes a primate a primate?What makes a primate a primate?
Shortened rostrumShortened rostrum
Forwardly directed orbitsForwardly directed orbits——binocular visionbinocular vision
Relatively large braincaseRelatively large braincase
Opposable hallux and pollexOpposable hallux and pollex
Unfused and highly mobile radius and ulna in Unfused and highly mobile radius and ulna in the forelimb and tibia and fibula in the the forelimb and tibia and fibula in the hindlimbshindlimbs
Pentadactyl feetPentadactyl feet
ClavicleClavicle
Primate characteristicsPrimate characteristics
Suborder StrepsirhiniSuborder Strepsirhini
Have naked nosesHave naked noses
Lower incisors form a toothcombLower incisors form a toothcomb
No plate separating orbit from temporal No plate separating orbit from temporal fossafossa
Strepsirhine skullStrepsirhine skull
Key characteristics:Key characteristics:
ForwardForward--facing eyesfacing eyes
Lateral postorbital barLateral postorbital bar
Orbital cavity confluent with temporal fossaOrbital cavity confluent with temporal fossa
Primate snout variationPrimate snout variation
Snout of a strepsirhine—wet naked noses
Snout of a haplorhine—dry hairy noses
Toilet claw found in many Toilet claw found in many strepsirhinesstrepsirhines
Suborder HaplorhiniSuborder Haplorhini
SoSo--called called ““higher primateshigher primates””
Have furry nosesHave furry noses
Plate separates the orbit from the Plate separates the orbit from the temporal fossatemporal fossa
Lack a toothcombLack a toothcomb
Primate subordersPrimate suborders
Primate teethPrimate teeth
RingRing--tailed lemurtailed lemurLemur cattaLemur catta
Family LemuridaeFamily Lemuridae
FatFat--tailed dwarf lemurtailed dwarf lemurCheirogaleus mediusCheirogaleus medius
Family LemuridaeFamily Lemuridae
Gray mouse lemur Gray mouse lemur Microcebus murinusMicrocebus murinus
Family CheirogaleidaeFamily Cheirogaleidae
Indrid lemurIndrid lemurIndri indriIndri indri
Family IndridaeFamily Indridae
AyeAye--ayeayeDaubentonia madagascariensisDaubentonia madagascariensis
Family DaubentoniidaeFamily Daubentoniidae
BushbabyBushbabyGalago senegalensisGalago senegalensisFamily GalagonidaeFamily Galagonidae
PottoPottoPerodicticus pottoPerodicticus potto
Family LoridaeFamily Loridae
Sportive lemur Sportive lemur LepilemurLepilemur mustelinusmustelinusFamily MegaladapidaeFamily Megaladapidae
Western tarsierWestern tarsierTarsius bancanusTarsius bancanusFamily TarsiidaeFamily Tarsiidae
Spider monkeySpider monkeyAteles geoffroyiAteles geoffroyiFamily CebidaeFamily Cebidae
CapuchinCapuchinCebus nigrivittatusCebus nigrivittatus
Family CebidaeFamily Cebidae
Vervet monkeyVervet monkeyCercopithecus aethiopsCercopithecus aethiopsFamily CercopithecidaeFamily Cercopithecidae
Olive baboonOlive baboonPapio cynocephalusPapio cynocephalus
Family CercopithecidaeFamily Cercopithecidae
Golden lion marmosetGolden lion marmosetLeontopithecus rosaliaLeontopithecus rosaliaFamily CallithricidaeFamily Callithricidae
WhiteWhite--handed gibbon handed gibbon Hylobates larHylobates lar
Family HylobatidaeFamily Hylobatidae
Agile gibbonAgile gibbonHylobates agilisHylobates agilis
Family HylobatidaeFamily Hylobatidae
Family HominidaeFamily HominidaeChimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, Chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans,
humanshumans
Includes 4 genera and 5 speciesIncludes 4 genera and 5 species
Nonhuman members restricted to Nonhuman members restricted to equatorial Africa, Sumatra, and Borneoequatorial Africa, Sumatra, and Borneo
Family HominidaeFamily Hominidae
ChimpanzeeChimpanzeePan troglodytesPan troglodytes
Family HominidaeFamily Hominidae
GorillaGorillaGorilla gorillaGorilla gorilla
Family HominidaeFamily Hominidae
OrangutanOrangutanPongo pygmaeusPongo pygmaeus
Family HominidaeFamily Hominidae
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