Chemical Waste Control in Hong Kong. Flammable Toxic Corrosive Oxidizing Major Hazardous Properties...

Chemical Waste Controlin

Hong Kong

• Flammable

• Toxic

• Corrosive

• Oxidizing

Major Hazardous Properties of Chemical Waste

• Minority: co-disposal at landfill under controlled manner

• Majority: indiscriminate disposal into sewers, drains, or together with normal refuse

• Problem:

Handling/Disposal of Chemical Waste Before Control

Hazards of Chemical Waste

• Main piece of regulation: Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation under the Waste Disposal Ordinance

• Waste Disposal Ordinance is the main ordinance for controlling most types of wastes

• The Regulation implemented in two phases i.e. Phase I in end 1992 and full control in mid 1993

• Phase I covers mainly asbestos and tannery off-cuts which are disposed of at existing landfill

• Full control in-line with the commissioning of the Chemical Waste Treatment Centre

Implementation of Chemical Waste Control Scheme

Objectives of Chemical Waste Control

• Chemical wastes handled, stored, collected and disposed of properly

• Cradle-to-grave control from waste producer to disposal facility

• Waste producer: registration, proper packaging, labelling and storage of chemical wastes

• Collector: controlled through licence, comply with licence standards

• Disposal facility: controlled through licence, comply with treatment/discharge standards

What is Chemical Waste ?• Section 3 of Regulation

• (a) Scrap material (b) Effluent (c) An unwanted substance or by-product arising from the application of or in the course of any process or trade activity

• AND specified in Schedule 1 of the Regulation

• AND in such a form, quantity or concentration so as to cause pollution or constitute a danger to health or risk of pollution to the environment

• Household chemical waste exempted

• Containers with chemical waste residue is also chemical waste

• Divided into Part A and Part B

• Part A Waste

- require prior notification to EPD

- need to follow EPD’s direction

- very toxic

- environmentally persistent

- require special disposal arrangement

Schedule 1 of the CWR

• Part B Waste

- no prior notification

- common types of waste

- organic solvents

- acids

- alkalis

- heavy metals

- others

Schedule 1 of the CWRPart A

A n y su b s ta n c e to w h ic h th e A n tib io tic s O rd in a n c e (C a p . 1 3 7 ) a p p lie sA sb e s to sD a n g e ro u s d ru g s (a s d e f in e d in th e D a n g e ro u s D ru g s O rd in a n c e (C a p . 1 3 4 ) )D a n g e ro u s G o o d s , c a te g o ry 2 , N E SD a n g e ro u s G o o d s , c a te g o ry 6 , N E SD a n g e ro u s G o o d s , c a te g o ry 9 , N E SD ib e n z o fu ra n sD io x in sP e s tic id e s (a s d e f in e d in th e R e g is te r re fe r re d to in S e c tio n 4 (b ) o f th e P e s tic id e s O rd in a n c e (C a p . 1 3 3 ) )P o iso n s (P a r t I ) (a s d e f in e d in th e P h a rm a c y a n d P o iso n s O rd in a n c e (C a p . 1 3 8 ) )P o ly c h lo r in a te d b ip h e n y ls

Part B

A n tim o n y a n d its c o m p o u n d sA rse n ic c o m p o u n d sB a r iu m c o m p o u n d sB e ry lliu m a n d its c o m p o u n d sB o ro n c o m p o u n d sC a d m iu m a n d its c o m p o u n d sC h ro m iu m b e a r in g so lid ta n n e ry w a s teC h ro m iu m a n d its c o m p o u n d s , N E SC o b a lt a n d its c o m p o u n d sC o p p e r c o m p o u n d s /c o p p e r e tc h a n tC y a n id e sD a n g e ro u s G o o d s , C a te g o ry 3 , N E SD a n g e ro u s G o o d s , C a te g o ry 4 , N E SD a n g e ro u s G o o d s , C a te g o ry 5 , N E SD a n g e ro u s G o o d s , C a te g o ry 7 , N E SD a n g e ro u s G o o d s , C a te g o ry 8 , N E SD a n g e ro u s G o o d s , C a te g o ry 1 0 , N E SH a lo g e n a te d o rg a n ic so lv e n ts a n d c o m p o u n d sL e a d a n d its c o m p o u n d sM a n g a n e se a n d its c o m p o u n d sM e rc u ry a n d its c o m p o u n d sM in e ra l o ils e m p lo y e d fo r e n g in e lu b r ic a tio nM in e ra l o ils , N E SN ic k e l a n d its c o m p o u n d sN o n -h a lo g e n a te d o rg a n ic so lv e n ts a n d c o m p o u n d sO rg a n o le a d c o m p o u n d sO rg a n o m e rc u ry c o m p o u n d s

O rg a n o tin c o m p o u n d sP a in tsP e s tic id e s (a s d e f in e d in th e R e g is te r re fe r re d to in S e c tio n 4 (a ) o f th e P e s tic id e s O rd in a n c e (C a p . 1 3 3 ) )P h a rm a c e u tic a l p ro d u c ts a n d m e d ic in e s , N E SP h o sp h o ru s c o m p o u n d s e x c lu d in g p h o sp h a te sS e le n iu m c o m p o u n d sS ilv e r c o m p o u n d sS u lp h id e sT h a lliu m a n d its c o m p o u n d sT in c o m p o u n d sV a n a d iu m c o m p o u n d sZ in c c o m p o u n d s

Ac ids , a lka l i s and c orros ive c om pounds

A c e tic a c id a b o v e 1 0 % a c e tic a c id b y w e ig h tA c id s o r a c id ic so lu tio n s , N E S w ith a c id ity e q u iv a le n t to a b o v e 5 % n itr ic a c id b y w e ig h tA m m o n ia so lu tio n a b o v e 1 0 % a m m o n ia b y w e ig h tB a se s o r a lk a lin e so lu tio n s , N E S , w ith a lk a lin ity e q u iv a le n t to a b o v e 1 % so d iu m h y d ro x id e b y w e ig h tC h ro m ic a c id a b o v e 1 % c h ro m ic a c id b y w e ig h tF lu o b o r ic a c id a b o v e 5 % flu o b o r ic a c id b y w e ig h tF o rm ic a c id a b o v e 1 0 % fo rm ic a c id b y w e ig h tH y d ro c h lo r ic a c id a b o v e 5 % h y d ro c h lo r ic a c id b y w e ig h tH y d ro f lu o r ic a c id a b o v e 0 .1 % h y d ro f lu o r ic a c id b y w e ig h tH y d ro g e n p e ro x id e so lu tio n a b o v e 8 % h y d ro g e n p e ro x id e b y w e ig h tN itr ic a c id a b o v e 5 % n itr ic a c id b y w e ig h tP e rc h lo r ic a c id a b o v e 5 % p e rc h lo r ic a c id b y w e ig h tP h o sp h o r ic a c id a b o v e 5 % p h o sp h o r ic a c id b y w e ig h tP o ta s s iu m h y d ro x id e so lu tio n a b o v e 1 % p o ta ss iu m h y d ro x id e b y w e ig h tP o ta s s iu m h y p o c h lo r ite so lu tio n a b o v e 5 % a c tiv e c h lo r in eS o d iu m h y d ro x id e so lu tio n a b o v e 1 % so d iu m h y d ro x id e b y w e ig h tS o d iu m h y p o c h lo r ite so lu tio n a b o v e 5 % a c tiv e c h lo r in eS u lp h u r ic a c id a b o v e 5 % su lp h u r ic a c id b y w e ig h t

N E S = N o t e lse w h e re sp e c ifie d

as d e fin ed

in th e

D an g ero u s G o o d s

O rd in an ce

(C ap . 2 9 5 )

as d e fin ed in th eD an g ero u s G o o d s

O rd in an ce(C ap . 2 9 5 )

Booklets

http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/guide_ref/guide_cwc.html

• Trip ticket system employed for control

• Each party involved i.e. producer, collector

and disposal facility has its respective legal

responsibilities under the laws

Cradle-to-Grave Control

Chemical Waste Control Scheme

Waste Producer

Waste Collector

Waste Disposal Facility

Trip Ticket System

• Consignment note in triplicate

• Keep track of the movement of chemical waste from the point of generation to the point of final disposal

• Each party fill in the appropriate parts during consignment of chemical waste

• Each party should keep a copy (for at least 12 months) for future reference if necessary

• The collector and disposal facility required to summarize the trip ticket data in electronic file and submit to EPD

Trip-ticket System

1. COLLECTION 2. TRANSPORT 3. DISPOSAL

TripTicket

32

1

E P D

W aste Producer retains 1 copy

W aste Producer to producecopies on request

W aste Collector keeps trip-ticketduring transportation.

W aste Collectorretains 1 copy

Records of trip-ticketsin com puter or other

form at as specified by EPD

Disposal Point M anagerretains original

TripTicket

21

TripTicket

21

Trip Ticket

• Register with EPD as a waste producer

• Package chemical waste in proper containers

• Label chemical waste containers

• Store chemical waste properly

• Consign the chemical waste to a licensed collector.

• Fill in trip ticket for every consignment and retain one copy

Duties of Waste Producer

Registration of Chemical Waste Producers to identify and locate the various types of waste producers in

Hong Kong so that EPD can monitor and ensure that they comply with the legal requirements; and

to maintain a public register of waste producers as required under s.6(2) of the CWR

Information includes :.The names of producers of chemical wastethe location of the premises where the chemical waste is

produced; and A description of the business or activity in the course of or

in connection with which the chemical waste is produced.

• Containers should be in good condition and free from corrosion, contamination, damage or any other defect

• Containers should be securely closed or sealed

• In general, different waste types should be in different containers, especially for incompatible wastes

Packaging of Chemical waste

• For using containers with capacity larger than 450L,

prior approval from EPD required which would be

assessed considering the size, design, leakage control,

alarm system etc.

• For wastes in solid and bulky form such as asbestos

waste and PCB contaminated equipment, heavy duty

and leak-proof plastic bags/sheets could be used.

• Material of containers should be compatible with the chemical waste to be store

• The containers should meet specified performance standards including drop test, leak proof test, internal pressure (hydraulic) test and stacking test

Labelling of Containers

• Every container should bear an appropriate label

• The information entered should be correct and accurate (i.e. particular risks, safety precautions)

• The combined size of the words "CHEMICAL "CHEMICAL WASTEWASTE" and characters " 化學廢物化學廢物 " should not be less than 1/20th of the area of the label. For the small-size labels, the minimum size of the characters should be around 5mm high

• The label should be securely attached to the container and the information could be easily seen

• It is recommended to attach two labels on opposite side of the container

• The label should be of appropriate dimensions

• The waste code is a general code to indicate the nature of the chemical waste contained. More details can be found from EPD’s booklet “A Guide to the Registration of Chemical Waste Producers”

• The hazard symbol is used to indicate the major hazard of the chemical waste contained

• The size of symbol should not be less than one-tenth of the area of the label and in no case shall it be less than 500mm2 (i.e. 25mm x 25mm)

Hazard Symbols

•Some examples of appropriate hazard symbols

Labelling of Waste

* Highly flammable

高度易燃

Acetone ¤þ à¬

Type 5, T03L33第五類﹐ T03L33

, 容器必須蓋緊 並存放在通風的地方

, 切勿近火 不准吸煙

/ /切勿吸入煙霧 蒸氣 噴霧

, 採取措施 防止靜電發生

* Keep container tightly closed and in a w ell ventilated place

* Keep aw ay from sources of ignition - No Sm oking

* Do not breathe fum es/vapour/spray

* Take precautionary m easures against static discharges

• Stored at a proper area

• Best be located within the same premises and close to the source of waste generation

• If not, find another area on the same floor or within the same building

• Used for storage of chemical waste only

• Enclosed on at least three sides

• Height not less than two meters or the total height of containers in stack, whichever is the less

Storage

• Adequate ventilation in the area to prevent accumulation of dangerous vapor

• No connection from the area to any surface drain or foul sewers

• Adequate space within the area for containers handling by workers

• Should not obstruct any means of escape

• If not within a building, provided with a roof or similar covering to prevent rain and reduce heat

• The area should be kept clean and dry

• For liquid chemical waste, an impermeable floor or surface (such as epoxy resin)

• For liquid chemical wastes, a retention structure with suitable capacity

• Containers of incompatible chemical wastes must not be stored together, and should be stored in different compartments separated by wall or partition

• Stacking of containers inside the storage area is allowed provided that the wall or partition is impermeable; the stacks are secure so as to prevent falling; and the containers are stacked with each of them in the normal upright position

• Each chemical waste storage area should display a hazard warning panel, notice or marking at the entrance of the area. Such warning panel / notice / marking should:

- indicate the English words and Chinese characters “CHEMICAL WASTECHEMICAL WASTE” and “ 化學化學 廢物廢物 ” clearly and boldly in red on a white background with a letter/character size of not less than 60 mm high

- be securely attached to or worked on a vertical plane of the storage structure

- be weather resistant and rigid

- be kept clean and free from obstruction

CHEMICALWASTES化學廢物

Typical Chemical Waste Storage Area

For small waste producers

Chemical Waste Storage Area

Chemical Waste Storage Area

Collector licensed under the Waste Disposal Ordinance

Submit a duly completed form together with an Operational Plan which provides details of operation including types and no. of collection vehicles/vessels, collection arrangements, staffing, waste handling and emergency response actions etc.

Collection of Chemical Waste

Two types of collection licence i.e. in-house and off-site

In-house licence is for collection of chemical waste produced by the licensee

Off-site licence is for the provision of chemical waste collection

Licensed collector can only collect chemical waste from registered chemical waste producers and deliver the waste to disposal facilities specified in the licence

The collection should be operated in accordance with the licence terms and conditions

Most updated list of chemical waste collectors can be found from EPD’s website at http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/ waste/guide_ref/ref_cw.html

The collection vehicle/vessel should be equipped with

Collection Vehicle/Vessel

- fire extinguishers

- Tremcards (Transport Emergency Card) of the chemical wastes being carried

Bear the following warning panels at the front and rear of the vehicle or on each side of the vessel

Each panel shall have a black border in yellow background. Words shall be at least 60 mm high.

DANGER CHEMICAL WASTE 危險勿近 化學廢物 150 mm

1200 mm

Option 1 :

DANGER CHEMICAL WASTE

危險勿近 化學廢物

425 mm

900 mm

Option 2 :危險勿近 化學廢物

A “NO SMOKING 不准吸煙” notice with the English capitals and Chinese characters at least 60 mm high shall be prominently displayed on each side of the vehicle/vessel

This instruction shall be complied with by the driver or transport personnel during the collection operation

Typical Collection Vehicle

DANGER CHEMICAL WASTE 危 險 勿 近 化 學 廢 物 DANGER CHEMICAL WASTE

危 險 勿 近 化 學 廢 物

NO SMOK ING 不 准 吸 煙

One fireextinguisher

One fireextinguisher

One set ofTREMCARD

One set ofTREMCARD

Personal Safety equipmentFirst aid boxSpare containersSpill control equipment

(English + Chinese)

(English + Chinese)

Side View

Front View Rear View

'No Smoking' notice(on both sides)

One copy of Waste Collection L icence

There are two types of disposal facilities i.e. in- house and off-site In-house disposal facilities can only treat those chemical waste produced by the licensee. Mainly found in factories producing large quantities of chemical wastes such as bleaching & dyeing, electroplating Off-site disposal facility can treat chemical wastes produced by other chemical waste producers. The largest one is the Chemical Waste Treatment Centre at Tsing Yi

Disposal of Chemical Waste

Chemical Waste Treatment Centre (CWTC)

Another government facility is the SENT landfill, which mainly accepts solid chemical wastes

Other off-site facilities are mainly recycling plants i.e. recycle spent oil, recover precious metals form electroplating solutions or photofinishing waste

Disposal facility can only receive chemical wastes from a licensed collector

The disposal facility should be operated in accordance with the licence terms and conditions.

Thank You