Chemical Building Blocks Chapter 1.1 (pgs 14-21)

Chemical Building BlocksChapter 1.1 (pgs 14-21)

Matter

?What is Matter?

• Is anything that has mass and occupies space• Has different states…– Solid– Liquid– Gas– Plasma

• Possesses characteristic properties– All diamonds have the same hardness.

Matter…

• Molecules are in fixed positions

• Definite volume and shape

Solid

Liquid

• Molecules are loosely connected• Definite volume, indefinite shape– Takes the shape of the container

• Molecules are as far apart as possible• No definite volume or shape– Will fill all available space

Gas

• Plasma can be considered as a gas of highly ionized particles– Exists at temperatures of several thousand

degrees Celsius• Unlike gases, respond to electromagnetic

forces.

Plasma

• Examples include charged air after lightning and stars like our Sun.

Plasma

How Plasma TVs work.

Plasma… TV

• Another characteristic property that matter of the same type shares is temperature–Boiling Point: temperature at which a

liquid boils (bubbles)–Melting Point: temperature at which a

solid melts (thaws).

States of Matter

Ice

WaterWater Vapor

Melting /

Freezing

Boiling / Condensation

Depo

sition

/Su

blim

ation

Types of Change

Physical:Changing the appearance of an object– Ripping paper in half, crushing a can

Chemical:Changing the composition of an object so that its initial components can not be retrieved– Burning wood, fireworks exploding.

Types of Change

Cooking an egg – Chemical change

Physical or Chemical?

Sawing a tree – Physical change

Physical or Chemical?

Dissolving salt in water – Physical change

Physical or Chemical?

Rusted iron pan – Chemical change

Physical or Chemical?

Ice Melting – Physical change

Physical or Chemical?

• Mixture: two or more substances that are mixed, but not chemically combined– Solution is a mixture that appears to be a single

substance.

Mixtures & Compounds

• Pure Substance: made of only one kind of matter with definite properties– Water from the tap,

ocean, or in your blood is the same

• Elements are pure substances.

Mixtures & Compounds

• Compounds: a pure substance (elements) that are chemically combined

– Water– Carbon Dioxide– Salt– Sugar

Mixtures & Compounds

… H2O… CO2

… NaCl… C12H22O11

Changed, but Unchanged

Matter can not be created

Matter can not be destroyed

What to Work On

• Read pages 14 – 21 in text• Section Review questions on page

21 (#’s 1-5)

Due: Friday, September 16th