CHEMICAL BONDS - Ionic

CHEMICAL BONDS - CHEMICAL BONDS - IonicIonicChapter 6Chapter 6

6.1 BONDING - journal6.1 BONDING - journal

1.1. Begin filling in the table on the top of the Begin filling in the table on the top of the Bonding Basics – Ionic Bonding Worksheet.Bonding Basics – Ionic Bonding Worksheet.

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING

Chemical PROPERTIES depend on the number Chemical PROPERTIES depend on the number of valence electrons.of valence electrons.

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING

Therefore, chemical bonding and Therefore, chemical bonding and reactivity depend on an element’s reactivity depend on an element’s electron configuration.electron configuration.

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING

STABLE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION: STABLE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION: Which group does this describe?Which group does this describe?

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING

What do elements with What do elements with UNSTABLE ELECTRON UNSTABLE ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONSCONFIGURATIONS do? do?

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING

They BOND and form compoundsThey BOND and form compounds IONIC BONDINGIONIC BONDING

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable

electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron transfertransfer

Both Sodium and Chlorine are now STABLE in Both Sodium and Chlorine are now STABLE in their highest energy levelstheir highest energy levels

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable

electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron transfertransfer

What types of elements are Sodium and What types of elements are Sodium and Chlorine?Chlorine?

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron

transfer between a metal and a nonmetal.transfer between a metal and a nonmetal.

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable

electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetal.transfer between a metal and a nonmetal.

When an atom gains or loses electrons, what When an atom gains or loses electrons, what does it get? does it get?

A CHARGE.A CHARGE.

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable

electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetaltransfer between a metal and a nonmetal

ION:ION: An atom with a positive or negative An atom with a positive or negative CHARGE from electron transfer.CHARGE from electron transfer.

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable

electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetaltransfer between a metal and a nonmetal

In the bond, one becomes positive (loses In the bond, one becomes positive (loses electrons) and one becomes negative (gains electrons) and one becomes negative (gains

electrons).electrons).

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable

electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetaltransfer between a metal and a nonmetal

Positive IonPositive Ion (loses electrons): (loses electrons): CationCation Negative IonNegative Ion (gains electrons): (gains electrons): AnionAnion

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable

electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetaltransfer between a metal and a nonmetal

WHAT DO OPPOSITE CHARGES DO?WHAT DO OPPOSITE CHARGES DO?

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable

electron configuration through electron electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetaltransfer between a metal and a nonmetal

ATTRACT. ATTRACT. This is when the IONIC BOND forms.This is when the IONIC BOND forms.

6.1 BONDING6.1 BONDING HOW can you predict which elements will HOW can you predict which elements will

make positive cations and which will make make positive cations and which will make negative anions?negative anions?

6.1 IONIC BONDING6.1 IONIC BONDING

Ionization EnergyIonization Energy: the ability to PULL ON : the ability to PULL ON ELECTRONS.ELECTRONS.

Which side has the MOST PULL?Which side has the MOST PULL? Which side GIVES UP electrons more easily?Which side GIVES UP electrons more easily?

Look at “Data Analysis” at the top of page 160.

6.1 IONIC BONDING6.1 IONIC BONDING Ionization EnergyIonization Energy: the ability to PULL ON : the ability to PULL ON

ELECTRONS.ELECTRONS.

Take out your Periodic Table.Take out your Periodic Table. Predict the OXIDATION NUMBERS (charges) of Predict the OXIDATION NUMBERS (charges) of

the ions for A Groupsthe ions for A Groups

6.1 IONIC BONDING6.1 IONIC BONDING

PROPERTIES OF IONIC COMPOUNDSPROPERTIES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS1.1. Form between a metal and a nonmetalForm between a metal and a nonmetal

2.2. Brittle/crystallineBrittle/crystalline3.3. High melting/boiling pointsHigh melting/boiling points

4.4. Dissolve (ions come apart) in water & conduct electricityDissolve (ions come apart) in water & conduct electricity

6.1 IONIC BONDING6.1 IONIC BONDING NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDSNAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS

1.1. NaCl – Sodium ChlorideNaCl – Sodium Chloride2.2. HF – Hydrogen FluorideHF – Hydrogen Fluoride

3.3. MgIMgI22 – Magnesium Iodide – Magnesium Iodide

4.4. KBr - ???KBr - ???Potassium BromidePotassium Bromide

This is Binary NomenclatureThis is Binary NomenclatureIonic Bonding ChallengeIonic Bonding Challenge

IONIC BONDINGIONIC BONDING POLYATOMIC IONSPOLYATOMIC IONS

Sometimes groups of atoms can have a positive or Sometimes groups of atoms can have a positive or negative charge.negative charge.

COMMON POLYATOMIC IONSCOMMON POLYATOMIC IONS1.1. NHNH44

++ – Ammonium – Ammonium

2.2. NONO33-- – Nitrate – Nitrate

3.3. OHOH1-1- - Hydroxide - Hydroxide4.4. COCO33

2-2- – Carbonate – Carbonate

5.5. SOSO442-2- - Sulfate - Sulfate

6.6. POPO442-2- - Phosphate - Phosphate

6.1 IONIC BONDING6.1 IONIC BONDING NAMING COMPOUNDS WITH POLYATOMIC NAMING COMPOUNDS WITH POLYATOMIC

IONSIONS1.1. CaCOCaCO33

1.1. Calcium carbonateCalcium carbonate

2.2. HNOHNO33

1.1. Hydrogen nitrate (nitric acid)Hydrogen nitrate (nitric acid)

3.3. NHNH44ClCl1.1. Ammonium chlorideAmmonium chloride

4.4. NaOHNaOH1.1. Sodium hydroxideSodium hydroxide

6.1 IONIC BONDING6.1 IONIC BONDING

6.1 IONIC BONDING – Journal 26.1 IONIC BONDING – Journal 2 Ionization EnergyIonization Energy: the ability to PULL ON ELECTRONS.: the ability to PULL ON ELECTRONS.

FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS AT THE TOP OF THE FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS AT THE TOP OF THE BLANK PERIODIC TABLE FROM THE BACK OF THE BLANK PERIODIC TABLE FROM THE BACK OF THE

ROOM.ROOM.

6.1 BONDING – Journal 26.1 BONDING – Journal 2

Define ionic bondDefine ionic bond Define ionization energyDefine ionization energy Take out your Ionic Bonding basics worksheet Take out your Ionic Bonding basics worksheet

and make sure you have a Lewis Dot for each and make sure you have a Lewis Dot for each element on the page, front and backelement on the page, front and back

Begin filling out the Covalent Bonding Basics Begin filling out the Covalent Bonding Basics TableTable