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Chapter ResourcesChapter Resources
● A motion diagram shows the position of an object at successive times.
● In the particle model, the object in the motion diagram is replaced by a series of single points.
Picturing Motion
Section
2.1Section
2.1
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● You can define any coordinate system you wish in describing motion, but some are more useful than others.
● A time interval is the difference between two times.
Where and When?
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2.2Section
2.2
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● A vector drawn from the origin of the coordinate system to the object indicates the object’s position.
● Change in position is displacement, which has both magnitude and direction.
Where and When?
Section
2.2Section
2.2
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● The length of the displacement vector represents how far the object was displaced, and the vector points in the direction of the displacement.
Where and When?
Section
2.2Section
2.2
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● Position-time graphs can be used to find the velocity and position of an object, as well as where and when two objects meet.
● Any motion can be described using words, motion diagrams, data tables, and graphs.
Position-Time Graphs
Section
2.2Section
2.2
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● The slope of an object’s position-time graph is the average velocity of the object’s motion.
How Fast
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2.2Section
2.2
● The average speed is the absolute value of the average velocity.
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● An object’s velocity is how fast it is moving and in what direction it is moving.
How Fast
Section
2.2Section
2.2
● An object’s initial position, di, its constant average velocity, , its position d, and the time, t, since the object was at its initial position, are related by a simple equation.
Chapter ResourcesChapter ResourcesChapter
2Chapter
2
If an object in the motion diagram is replaced by a series of single points, to which type of motion diagram are you referring?
A. Motion diagram
B. Particle model
C. Coordinate system
D. Position-time graph
Chapter Assessment Questions
Chapter ResourcesChapter ResourcesChapter
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2
Reason: A particle model is a simplified version of a motion diagram in which the object in motion is replaced by a series of single points.
Chapter Assessment Questions
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2
Refer to the figure and calculate the distance between the two signals?
Chapter Assessment Questions
A. 3 m
B. 8 m
C. 5 m
D. 5 cm
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2Chapter
2
Reason: Distance d = df – di Here, df = 8 m and di = 3 mTherefore, d = 8 m – 3 m = 5 m
Chapter Assessment Questions
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2
From the adjacent position-time graph determine the distance covered by the competitor between 5 s and 10 s?
Chapter Assessment Questions
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Answer: The distance covered by the competitor between 5 s and 10 s is d = 20 m – 10 m = 10 m.
Chapter Assessment Questions
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A car starting from rest moves with an average speed of 6 m/s. Use the equation of motion for average velocity to calculate the distance the car traveled in 1 minute.
Chapter Assessment Questions
A. 6 m
B. 10 m
C. 60 m
D. 360 m
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2Chapter
2
Chapter Assessment Questions
Reason: The equation of motion for average velocity is d = vt + di where d is the object’s position at time t of the object moving with average velocity v, and di is the initial position of the object. In this case di = 0, v = 6 m/s and t = 1 min = 60 s. Therefore d = (6 m/s)(60 s) + 0 m = 360 m.
Chapter ResourcesChapter ResourcesChapter
2Chapter
2
The position-time graph at right shows three ships moving in a river. Determine which ship has greater average velocity?
Chapter Assessment Questions
A. Ship A
B. Ship B
C. Ship C
D. Both ship B and C
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2Chapter
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Reason: The slope of A is steeper than the slopes of B and C. A steeper slope indicates a greater change in displacement during each time interval, i.e. greater average velocity.
Chapter Assessment Questions
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