Chapter 28 Evolution of Eukaryotic Diversity Kingdom Protista

Chapter 28

Evolution of Eukaryotic Diversity

Kingdom Protista

History of Classification

I. Endosymbiotic Theory

II. Kingdom Protista

Most diverse of all kingdoms

Classification difficult; created more for convenience

A. General Characteristics Eukaryotic Most single-celled, some colonial, some

multicellular Neither animals, plants or fungi Auto or heterotrophs; some mixotrophs Many have either cilia or flagella with 9+2

microtubule arrangement at some point in life cycle

Varied life cycle: alternation of generation, to predominant multicellular diploid life, or predominant multicellular haploid life

B. 3 Major Categories

1. Animal-like (protozoa)

2. Algae or plant-like (photosynthetic)

3. Fungal-like

III. Animal-Like Protists

Called Protozoa May have given rise to animals Asexual or sexual reproduction Many form cysts (resistant bodies) and wait

out stressful conditions Usually non-photosynthetic heterotrophs

Rhizopoda(Amoeba)

amoeba video

Actinopoda(Actinopods, Foraminiferans)

ForaminifeanRadiolarian

Zoomastigina(zooflagellates)

Giardia lamblia Trypansoma Trichomonas vaginalis

Ciliophora(Ciliates) Stentor Video

Apicomplexa(Sporozoa)

IV. Algae and Plant-like Protists

Photosynthetic!! Many have flagella and are often mistaken to

be animal-like protists All have chll a, carotenoids, other forms of

chll, and other accessory pigments Not considered true plants due to lack of

plant structures such as a waxy cuticle

Euglenophyta(Euglenoids) videos

Dinoflagellata(Dinoflagellates) video

Bacillariophyta(Diatoms) video

Chrysophyta(Golden Algae)

Chlorophyta(Green Algae)

Volvox Video

Phaeophyta(Brown Algae)

Rhodophyta(Red Algae)

V. Fungal-like Protists

Form filaments (spore-bearing bodies) similar to fungus

Acrasiomycota(cellular slime molds)

Myxomycota(Plasmodial Slime Molds)video

Oomycota(Water molds, downey mildews, white rust)