CHAPTER 1 THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT. The study of people, their environments and their resources...

CHAPTER 1

THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT

• The study of people, their environments and their resources

• Location

• Place

• Interaction

• Movement

• Region

GEOGRAPHYSection 1

Exploring the World Around us

LOCATION

• The position of a place on the earth’s surface

Different Types

• Relative

• Where something is in relation to the things around it.

• Absolute• Exact location• N and S:• Longitude• E and W:• Latitude

Prime Meridian = 0o

International Dateline =180o

PLACE

An Area’s Physical & Human Characteristics

Physical:Climate

VegetationAnimals

Human:Population

TransportationCulture

INTERACTION

• Relationship between people and the environment

Scenario #1

• People influence the environment

Scenario #2

• The environment influences people

MOVEMENT

• The moving of people, goods, and ideas from one area to another

• Why Move? • Immigration?

• Emigration?

Migration: Movement of People

• Why trade with other countries?

• RESULT:

• Interdependence

• IMPORTS

• VS

• EXPORTS

Trade: Movement of Goods

Region: An Area With Distinctive Characteristics

• Is it ever mentioned by another name?

• 3rd World

• Dairy Belt

• Bible Belt

• Frost Belt

CLIMATE

The average weather of a place over a period of 20-30

years.

Key factors: Location & Elevation

Section 2- Understanding the Physical World

LOCATION

Arctic

Arctic

Temperate

Temperate Tropical

ELEVATIONColder

Warmer

CULTUREAll the things a

person learns that makes up

their entire way

of life.

Grandparents

Parents

Children

Section 3: The Meaning of Culture

SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS

• NUCLEAR:

• Father, mother, children

• Industrial societies

• EXTENDED:

• Grandparents, parents, aunts, uncles, children

• Agricultural societies

Who Rules the Family?

Matriarchal

Patriarchal

Customs and Traditions

Society’s rules of behavior

LawsPeer

Pressure

Language

• Positive:

• The cornerstone of culture

• Negative:

• Creates a great deal of tension

Arts & Literature

• Teach about a particular culture

• Used to pass along values

Religion

• Monotheism:

• Worship of one god

• Polytheism:

• Worship more than one god

Christianity

Hinduism

Judaism

Islam

Government

• Democracy

• Republic

• Dictatorship

• Communism

• Iraq

• Athens, Greece

• Cuba

• United States

Government

• Democracy

• Republic

• Dictatorship

• Communism

• Iraq

• Athens, Greece

• Cuba

• United States

Government

• Democracy

• Republic

• Dictatorship

• Communism

• Iraq

• Athens, Greece

• Cuba

• United States

Government

• Democracy

• Republic

• Dictatorship

• Communism

• Iraq

• Athens, Greece

• Cuba

• United States

Economic Systems

• Command

• Tradition

• Market

• Mixed

• United States

• Kalahari Bushmen

• Soviet Union

• Village market

Economic Systems

• Command

• Tradition

• Market

• Mixed

• United States

• Kalahari Bushmen

• Soviet Union

• Rural village

Economic Systems

• Command

• Tradition

• Market

• Mixed

• United States

• Kalahari Bushmen

• Soviet Union

• Rural village

Economic Systems

• Command

• Tradition

• Market

• Mixed

• United States

• Kalahari Bushmen

• Soviet Union

• Rural village

Social Classes

Way in which cultures rank

people in terms of their

importance.

Social Mobility: Moving from one social class to another

MoneyLand

EducationAncestory

Occupation

Definition: How Done?

HOW DOES CULTURE CHANGE?HOW DOES CULTURE CHANGE?

CAUSES:

Technology

Changing Environment

New Ideas

Diffusion

Section 4

UNDERSTANDING OTHER UNDERSTANDING OTHER CULTURESCULTURES

Why is it so difficult?Why is it so difficult?

RACISM

The belief that one group or culture is superior to another.

ETHNOCENTRISM

Judging other cultures by one’s own standards.

What does society need?

Appreciation of cultural diversity