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THE FIELD OF PSYCHOLOGY
Chapter 1
“REAL PSYCHOLOGY” Handwriting experiment
Neat: follow directions well, ask questionsSloppy: don’t follow directions or ask
questions
Accuracy of predictions? Scientific evidence to support claims?
WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY? Scientific study of mental processes and
behavior (How does the brain work?) Psychologists use “theories” (ideas) to
create experiments
COOL QUESTIONS Claim? Objective evidence for and against
claim? Other interpretations of evidence? Logical conclusion?
TYPES OF PSYCHOLOGY Research- study origin, cause, results of
behaviorDone in a laboratory
Applied- make use of research foundDone in the real world
JOBS Chart on page 4
PSYCHOLOGY AND CARS Design a car that will implement the
following goals: 1. Increase alertness2. Improve reaction time3. Get people to wear seatbelts4. Get people to obey traffic laws5. Make long-distance trips more
comfortable6. Eliminate drunk driving
HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY Darwin- animals and humans adapt to fit
surroundingsSurvival of the fittestOthers perform same/similar behavior to
survive Wundt- “Father of Psychology”
First laboratory to study humansBreak down the human mind as we break
down parts of other things Introspection- describing thoughts, feelingsObjective- giving a true explanation with no
outside ideas/bias
HISTORY CONTINUED Freud- Personality
Adult problems can be traced to childhood events
Unconscious self James-psychology textbook
How do humans function in their environment? How are thoughts connected?
Watson- Learning and human emotion Behaviorism- what we do depends on what we
feel Built upon past experiences Parenting prevents most psychological problems
INTROSPECTION ACTIVITY Sensations/Memories brought up by
objects
ACTIVITY Watson- Learned behavior from
emotionsRubber band and feelingsWhat other behavior have you learned from
your family according the emotions you felt/received?
Freud- Did your parents “scar” you for life?
PSYCHOLOGY TODAY 6 approaches Eclecticism- taking from two or more
approaches
BIOPSYCHOLOGICAL Chemicals in body cause behavior Snake
Heart beats, breathe fast, adrenalineStress and depression
BEHAVIORAL Behavior is based upon learning and
association of experienceRewards/punishmentsSkinner and Watson
PSYCHOANALYTICAL Behavior based upon unconscious
feelingsFreud- sex and aggressionToday- perception, thinking, memory
HUMANISTIC People are good and capable of helping
themselvesMake good choicesCarl Rogers
COGNITIVE Behavior is based upon how we learn to
handle problemsPersonality characteristicsTalk to yourself
SOCIOCULTURAL Behavior is influenced by culture
Goals/Expectations
ONE ISSUE- SIX THEORIES Pg. 16- Alcoholism Which psychologist should take the
money and research the problem? (Where does the problem start?)
ANALYZING YOUR NEIGHBOR
Pg. 17 “John” Six approaches to his behavior Which one do you think is correct? Why?
FREE WILL EXERCISE List ten behaviors performed in the last
24 hours Which behaviors were forced? Free will?
CHAPTER 1 PROJECT Read Article “Big Ideas: Giving Up the
Ghost” What would happen if humans did not
have “free will”? How does free will change our
perception of people? Does free will dominate the decisions in
your life, or do you follow what other people are doing?
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