CEPHALOPODS - Food and Agriculture Organization · 2006. 3. 7. · ventral view 203 CEPHALOPODS...

dorsal view

201

CEPHALOPODS

OMMASTREPHIDAE

Ommastrephes bartrami (Le Sueur, 1821)

FAO names : En - Flying squid; Fr - Encornet volant; Sp - Pota saltadora.

Size : females 50 cm (mantle length), males somewhat smaller.

Fishing gear : of potential value; caught elsewhere with squid jigs and dipnets (use of light).

Habitat : oceanic, near the surface at night.

Loc.name(s) :

Ommastrephes pteropus Steenstrup, 1855

FAO naives : En - Orangeback squid; Fr - Encornet dos orange; Sp - Pota naranja.

Size : females 37 cm (mantle length), males smaller.

Fishing gear : of potential value; caught elsewhere with squid jigs and dipnets (use of light).

Habitat : oceanic.

Loc.name(s) :

golden or silvery band

on mid ventral line

ventral view

foveola lateral pockets

funnel groove with foveola and lateral pockets (character

of the genus)

large luminous

plate

mid-dorsal line darker

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dorsal view

202

CEPHALOPODS OMMASTREPHIDAE

Ornithoteuthis antillarum Adam, 1957

FAO names : En - Bird squid ; Fr - Encornet oiseau; Sp - Pota pajarito.

Size : 20 cm mantle length.

Fishing gear : squid jigs, dipnets, bottom trawls (during the day), midwater trawls (at night).

Habitat : oceanic, from the surface to about 1100 m depth.

Loc.name(s) :

Todarodes sagittatus sagittatus (Lamarck, 1799)

FAO names : En - European flying squid; Fr - Toutenon commun; Sp - Pota europea.

Size : males 75 cm, females 49 cm (mantle length).

Fishing gear : bottom trawls.

Habitat : from the surface to 1000 m depth, migrates towards the coast in large schools.

Loc.name(s) :

foveola with 7-11 folds

funnel groove with foveola

a band of luminous tissue, usually pink,

along ventral mid-line

dorsal view

mantle drawn into a pointed tail

foveola

funnel groove with foveola

4 rows of suckers

ventral view

203

CEPHALOPODS

OMMASTREPHIDAE

funnel groove without foveola

Todaropsis eblanae (Ball, 1841)

FAO names : En - Lesser flying squid; Fr - Encornet souffleur; Sp - Pota costera.

Size : males 16 cm, females 24 cm (mantle length).

Fishing gear : bottom trawls (bycatch).

Habitat : coastal waters, near sandy and muddy bottoms, from 20 to 650 m depth (at temperatures ranging from 9 to 18°C).

Loc.name(s) :

Ancistroteuthis lichtensteini (Orbigny, 1839)

FAO names : En - Angel squid; Fr - Cornet archange; Sp - Luria paloma.

Size : 30 cm mantle length.

Fishing gear: pelagic trawls (bycatch).

Habitat : pelagic, from the surface to about 250 m depth.

Loc.name(s) :

4 rows of suckers

distal end of tentacular club

dorsal view

ONYCHOTEUTHIDAE

luminous organs absent from

intestinal tract

hooks

tentacles very long

dorsal view

204

CEPHALOPODS

ONYCHOTEUTHIDAE

Onychoteuthis banksi (Leach, 1817)

FAO names : En - Hooked squid ; Fr - Cornet crochu ; Sp - Luria ganchuda.

Size : 29 cm mantle length.

Fishing gear : of potential value; could be caught with jigs and liftnets (use of light)).

Habitat : oceanic, from 150 to 800 m depth.

Loc.name(s) :

Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857

FAO names : En - Rhomboid squid; Fr - Chipiloua commun; Sp - Chipirón volantín.

Size : 100 cm, common to 60 cm mantle length.

Fishing gear : of potential value; could be caught with set nets and drifting jigs.

Habitat : pelagic, often seen in small schools in surface waters; lower limits of its depth distribution unknown.

Loc.name(s) :

viscera (after removal of ventral

portion of mantle)

hooks

rachis of gladius with a strong crest shining

through the mantle along ventral midline

dorsal view

THYSANOTEUTHIDAE

eyes open

mantle thick, muscular, fins broad and

lozangic, occupying entire length of mantle

luminousorgans

intestinaltract

205

CEPHALOPODS

OCTOPODA - OCTOPUSES

Internal shell reduced or absent; 8 arms, no tentacles.

OCTOPODIDAE

Octopus defilippi Verany, 1851

FAO names : En - Lilliput longarm octopus; Fr - Poulpe à longs bras; Sp - Pulpito patilago.

Size : 9 cm mantle length.

Fishing gear : bottom trawls (bycatch).

Habitat : benthic, on sandy to muddy bottoms from 6 to 60 m depth.

Loc.name(s) :

Octopus macropus Risson, 1826

FAO names : En - White-spotted octopus; Fr - Poulpe tacheté; Sp - Pulpo patudo.

Size : 100 cm total length, common to 80 cm.

Fishing gear : bottom trawls, artisanal fishing gear (spears, hooks, lures, traps).

Habitat : rocky and coralline bottoms from 1 to 20 m depth.

Loc.name(s) :

Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797

FAO names : En - Common octopus; Fr - Pieuvre; Sp - Pulpo común.

Size : females 115 cm, males 130 cm (total length), common to 2.5 kg (fresh weight).

Fishing gear : bottom trawls.

Habitat : indifferent habitats from the coastline to 200 m depth.

Loc.name(s) :

arms extremely long and slender

ligula short

tip of hectocotylized arm 3 of male

1 st (dorsal) pair of arms longest and

stoutest

ligula long

tip of hectocotylized arm

(in males)

Colour blue-green, with large white spots dorsally on mantle, head and

arms; becomes brick red when disturbed

arms about equally long and thick

ligula short

colour variable, usually marbled with brown, white and beige

tip of 3rd hectocotylized arm

(in males)

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