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Militarism
1. Building up armed forces getting ready for war
2. Glorification of the military
3. Increase in military spending
4. More input by military leaders in the government
Militarism
• Germany was competing with the UK to build battleships.
• The British feared an attack on their Empire
•Germany was competing with Russia and France to expand their armies
1880
1914Germany 1.3m 5.0mFrance 0.73m 4.0mRussia 0.40m 1.2m
Alliances
• By 1914 all the major powers were linked by a system of alliances.
• The alliances made it more likely that a war would start.
• Once started, the alliances made it more likely to spread.
Nationalism
Extreme love and pride in your country
Desire of people with the same nationality to form their own nation-state
Desire for freedom from foreign rule
Nationalism
• This was an age when all nations wanted to assert their power and independence.
• In Europe Slavs, aided by Serbia and Russia, wanted to be free of Austrian rule.
Serbia’s national flag
Imperialism
• All the great powers were competing for colonies / territory.
• The British feared Germany in Africa.
• The Austrians feared Serbia / Russia in the Balkans
Assassination
• 28 June 1914• Heir to Austrian
throne Franz Ferdinand Assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina by Serbian Nationalists
• Black Hand – Serbian Nationalist Group
Seal of the Black Hand group
Conflict in the Balkans
Large number of different religions and nationalities
Balkan Wars – struggle for control of the Peninsula
“Powder Keg of Europe”
Series of Diplomatic Failures
• Austrians, supported by Germany, send Serbia a tough ultimatum.
• Serbia agrees to all but two terms of the ultimatum.
• Russia mobilises her troops to support Serbia
• Germany demands that Russia stands her armies down.
• Germany declares war on Russia
“Demands must be put to Serbia that would be wholly impossible for them to accept …”
M.A.N.I.A.C.S
Wilhelm IIGermany Czar Nicholas
IIRussia
George ClemenceauFrance
Franz JosephAustria-Hungary
David Lloyd GeorgeGreat Britain
VS.
Causes of WW1
•M. Militarism
•A. Alliances
•N. Nationalism
•I. Imperialism
•A. Assassination
•C. Conflict in the Balkans
•S. Series of diplomatic failures
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