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Module 2Unit 5 to 8
Vorm: ◦ Was: I / he / she / it◦ Were: you / we / they
Wanneer gebruik je het? Rule: We use the past simple to talk about
actions in the past.
Signaalwoorden:◦ Yesterday, …ago, last …, 2009◦ TIJDSBEPALING!
Past Simple: the verb ‘to be’
Vraagzinnen:◦ was / were naar voren halen:
Was he feeling ill yesterday?
Ontkennende zinnen:◦ wasn’t / weren’t
You weren’t at school two days ago.
Examples!
1. I … in love with Julian three years ago.2. You … at school last week! – Yes I was!3. Jamie and Janine … angry yesterday4. Lucy … away last month5. She … in Spain a whole week.
Examples!
1. I was in love with Julian three years ago.2. You weren’t at school last week! – Yes I
was!3. Jamie and Janine were angry yesterday4. Lucy was away last month5. She was in Spain a whole week.
Vorm: ◦ Verb + ed
He walked to school.My mother cooked dinner.
Wanneer gebruik je het? Rule: We use the past simple to talk about actions in the
past.
Signaalwoorden◦ Yesterday, …ago, last …, 2009◦ TIJDSBEPALING!
Past Simple: regular verbs
Vraagzinnen:◦ Did + hele werkwoord (ook bij he/she/it)
Did he walk to school yesterday?
Ontkennende zinnen:◦ didn’t + hele werkwoord (ook bij he/she/it)
You didn’t stay at home.
Let op uitzonderingen: ◦ If the verb ends in ‘e’, we add only a –d
He lived life to the full. John smiled at me.
◦ If a short verb ends in in vowel + consonant, we double the consonant and add ‘ed’ We planned something special. My grandfather stopped talking.
◦ If the verb ends in consonant + y, we change the ‘y’ to ‘i’ and add ‘ed’. I tried the hamburger once. Andrew cried like a little child
◦ MAAR: played / stayed
Vorm: ◦ Own form -> study them by heart!
He left home early.My father went away.
Wanneer gebruik je het? Rule: We use the past simple to talk about actions in the
past.
Signaalwoorden◦ Yesterday, …ago, last …, 2009◦ TIJDSBEPALING!
Past Simple: irregular verbs
Study the verbs: ◦ Have – had◦ Tell – told◦ Leave – left◦ Say – said◦ Become – became◦ Beat – beat◦ Win – won◦ Think – thought◦ Go – went
Let op!!!
Vraagzinnen:◦ Did + hele werkwoord (ook bij onregelmatige ww)
Did he go to school yesterday?
Ontkennende zinnen:◦ didn’t + hele werkwoord (ook bij he/she/it)
You didn’t win that game.
Maar dus niet bij ‘to be’!!!
Examples!
1. I … (not play) a game.2. You … (climb) in that tree.3. Jamie … (say) she felt ill yesterday4. … Lucy … (win) the handball match?5. She … (tell) me a lie. She’s horrible!6. John … (rest) some hours.
Examples!
1. I didn’t play (not play) a game.2. You climbed (climb) in that tree.3. Jamie said (say) she felt ill yesterday4. Did Lucy win (win) the handball match?5. She told (tell) me a lie. She’s horrible!6. John rested (rest) some hours.
Form in the present: ◦ Positive: have to + verb/ has to + verb (he/she/it)◦ Negative: don’t have to + verb / doesn’t have to + verb
(he/she/it)
Form in the past: ◦ Positive: had to + verb◦ Negative: didn’t have to + verb
When do we use it? Rule: We use have to to say ‘This is necessary’.We use don’t have to to say ‘This isn’t necessary’.
Have to
Positive:◦ subject + have to / has to / had to + verb:
He has to go to school today, it’s Monday.
Negative:◦ subject + don’t / doesn’t / didn’t + have to + verb
You didn’t have to go to school two days ago.
Questions:◦ Do / Does / Did + subject + have to + verb:
Does he have to go to school today? He looks as white as a sheet.
Short answers:◦ subject + do(n’t) / does(n’t) / did(n’t)
Do your parents have to go to work every day? – No, they don’t.
Examples!
(present or past, positive or negative)
1. I … stay at home last night.2. My parents … work last summer.3. Jamie and Janine … do the ironing every week.
Their mother does.4. Lucy … learn Spanish from her parents. She
hates it.5. She … stay in Holland all summer because her
parents wanted her to go to Spain to practice her Spanish.
Examples!
(present or past, positive or negative)
1. I had to stay at home last night.2. My parents had to work last summer.3. Jamie and Janine doesn’t have to do the
ironing every week. Their mother does.4. Lucy has to learn Spanish from her parents.
She hates it.5. She didn’t have to stay in Holland all
summer because her parents wanted her to go to Spain to practice her Spanish.
Mnemonic: ◦ Bij vragen en ontkennie (ontkenning) gebruik je
geen ‘some’, maar ‘any’.
Wanneer gebruik je het? Rule: With uncountable and plural nouns, we
use some in positive sentences. We use any in negative sentences and questions.
Some and Any
Betekenis: enige, een paar
Any: ◦Vraag ?◦Ontkenning (NOT)
Some:
◦Bevestigend
◦(Als het dus geen vraag en geen ontkenning is!)
Examples!
1. I haven’t got … paper2. There aren’t … apples in the kitchen.3. There is … milk left in the fridge.4. Have you got … vegetables or should I go
get groceries?4. I’ve got … good ideas for the band.
Examples!
1. I haven’t got any paper2. There aren’t any apples in the kitchen.3. There is some milk left in the fridge.4. Have you got any vegetables or should I
go get groceries?4. I’ve got some good ideas for the band.
This tea is for me It’s my tea This tea is mine
This coffee is for you This is your coffee This coffee is yours
Possessive pronouns
This hot chocolate is for him This is his hot chocolate This hot chocolate is his
These drinks are for us These are our drinks These drinks are ours
This cake is for them This is their cake This cake is theirs
Examples!
1. Here is (you / your / yours) tea. This one is (me / my / mine).
2. (Him / His) sister isn't very bright.3. (Them / Their / Theirs) timetables are
different from (us / our / ours). 4. Peter, where’s Matthew? Someone’s on the
telephone for (his / him).
Examples!
1. Here is your tea. This one is mine. 2. His sister isn't very bright.3. Their timetables are different from ours. 4. Peter, where’s Matthew? Someone’s on the
telephone for him.
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