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8/22/2019 Buffalo Niagara RIVERKEEPER Bogdan Green Infrastructure
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Bualo Niagara RIVERKEEPER
Green Infrastructure Presentationand
CSO No. 60 Pilot Project (Green Streets)
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e intent of this presentation is to explain the existing function of combined sewer systems a
heir impact on human health and public safety. is handbook highlights the usage of sustaina
measures such as green infrastructure techniques to manage stormwater.
Older cities have combined stormwater and sanitary sewer systems. As cities grew and developm
ncreased, so did the amount of impervious surfaces and has caused these combined systems
overow. Stormwater has played a major role in the overow events. e combined sewer systeare adequately sized to handle the sanitary components of the system when storm events occur, r
water ows into the combined system at a rapid rate and overwhelms the existing infrastructu
When this occurs, raw sewage and untreated water are emptied into local waterways to relieve
ocal water treatment plants and prevent basement backups. e untreated spillage causes harm
pollutants to overow into locations where people sh, swim and play in the local waterways.
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Outline
Introduction to Bualo Niagara RIVERKEEPER
Stormwater and Combined Sewer Systems
Green Infrastructure as a Solution to Combined Sewer Overows (CSOs)
Green Infrastructure in Bualo, NY
Bualo Sewer Authority
Green Infrastructure Pilot Project
Questions/Comments
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Defending your right to clean water.
Riverkeeper combinesrsthand knowledge of our waterways with an unwaveri
commitment to the rights of our communities to clean water and for the w
and equitable use of water resources. Our goal is forshable, swimmable a
drinkable waterways throughout the Bualo Niagara region. Riverkeeper i
member of the global WATERKEEPER ALLIANCE.
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Stormwater
Stormwater runo is generated when precipitation from rainfall and snowmelt ows over landmpervious surfaces and does not percolate into the ground. As runoows over saturated land
over impervious surfaces (paved streets, plazas and sidewalk, parking lots, and building rooopsaccumulates debris, chemicals, sediment or other pollutants that adversely aects water quality if uno is directly discharged untreated into our waterways. Although the City of Bualos combitormwater and sewer systems are adequately sized to carry ow during dry weather, it is curren
designed to send overow into our waterways during large storm events. As the amount of paved surfahas increased over time so has the number of overow events.
Source: phillywatersheds.org
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Existing Combined SewerOverflow Condition
Combined Sewer System
Water fromStorm Drain
(Blue)
Rain Water intoDownspout
Local Waterway
Overflow Pipe
CombinedWasteWate
rtoTreatmentPlant
Rain water fromDownspout
(Blue)
Raw sewageand Human
waste(Brown)
Clean Rain Water is mixed withraw sewage: spilling out into
our local waterways when theexisting system is overwhelmed.
Combined Sewer Systems
uring wet weather events, the existing combined sewer system (CSS) becomes overwhelmed. e CSS is purposely designed to overow intour local waterways to relieve ooding issues and sewage in basements. ese designed overow situations cause harmful pollutants to ow
nto our local water systems.nfortunately, the combined sewer overow (CSO) pipes are located in public right of ways along water bodies where people sh, swim, boat
nd play, causing a major health and public safety concern.
CSO overows cause oatables, toxinsand other pollutants to accumulate inour local waterways.
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Combined Sewer Systems in the USA
is map identies the locations of Combined Sewer Systems (CSS) in the United States of AmerMost are found in older industrial cities. You should notice how they are most oen located near, ormajor waterways within our fresh water systems, especially along the Great Lakes and major rivers suas the Mississippi River. ese CSSs are playing a major role in polluting our fresh waters.
e dots on the map mark the cities across our country
that still rely upon combined sewer systems to transportwastewater to their treatment facilities
Source: EPA.gov
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Our Local Waterways
Our local waterways of the Bualo River and the Niagara River are a great attribute to this area. Peo
sh, swim and recreate in these waters. Many local residents use these waterways to sh for food. Wcombined sewer overows occur, there is a major public health and safety concern for those who arcontact with these waters.
Kayakers in the Black Rock Canal, at Broderick Park.
e Niagara River aer a typical one inch rain event. ere is aery clear distinction of fresh blue water and the brown overow
rom combined stormwater and sewer outfall pipes
Local communities sh along the Niagara River, some for ahobby, and some for sustenance, catching sh to feed theirfamilies.
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Combined Sewer Systems:Bualo, New York
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063
010
062
012011
002
001
009
008061
006
005
004
003
055
054
001A
060
059
058
056
053
Combined Sewer Overow Locations and Sewersheds(Niagara River)
is sewershed map of the Niagara River District shows the coverage of each combined sewer systcolored regions). ese areas have high impermeable rates and the overow pipes are being overwhelm
by the stormwater owing into the system. Notice the overow locations (numbered triangles) thatocated on the Niagara River and Scajaquada Creek.
Source: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper
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Combined Sewer System:Bualo, New York
SewerShed Name
Road SurfaceArea (SF)
RoadSurfaceArea
(Acres)
TotalParcelAreaAcres
ImpermeableParcel
Coverage
TotalImpermeable
CoverageWith Roads
Gallons ofRunoff
(1 inch event)
Albany
Street 6,512,596.06 149.51 707.89 64% 70% 16,296,360
SouthCentral 75,967,450.78 1,743.97 11,355.33 53% 60% 213,980,021
Hertel 25,577,726.68 587.18 3,751.26 55% 60% 70,681,738
Scajaquada 100,344,253.17 2,303.59 14,451.56 53% 60% 273,704,431
Ontario 4,774,507.37 109.61 445.68 54% 63% 9,452,565
Parish 1,927,174.30 44.24 352.50 53% 60% 6,414,414
Totals 215,103,708.36 4,938.10 31,064.21 590,529,530
150 MGD Sanitary
Sewage Average
(Dry Flow)
590.5 MGD
Wet Weather
(1 inch Event)
740.5 MGDDuring Wet Weather
(1 inch Event)
+
e Bualo Sewer Authority does a great job of managing raw sewage, especially on dry weather dae system is actually oversized for the amount of treatment that is required. During large wet weatevents increased stormwater negatively impacts the existing system. A one-inch rain event (90%Bualos rain storms) generates over 590 million gallons of stormwater. is type of storm causes
ewage to overow into our local waterways, polluting where people sh, swim and recreate.
Source: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper
Source: Bualo Niagara Riverke
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What is the Solution?
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What is the Traditional Solution?Grey Infrastructure
e traditional solution is separation of the existing combined system by adding a separate systempipes to carry stormwater and leaving the adequately sized sewer pipeline. is is oen called a gnfrastructure approach. Massive pipes and tanks are installed to either carry or hold large volumetormwater. is method is very expensive and oen is a high-impact process. It usually requires lar
construction staging areas and it can be very disruptive, for long periods of time, as most of the pipesnstalled in roadways. In addition, the end result oers very little aesthetic or beautication value, as
esulting nished system is buried underground.
Source: heneghanassoc.com
ource: jlrichards.ca
Source: erdmananthony.com
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What is the Sustainable Solution?Green Infrastructure
Green stormwater infrastructure includes a range of soil-water-plant systems that intercept stormwanltrate a portion of it into the ground, evaporate a portion of it into the air, and in some cases, st
water so that a puried portion can be released slowly back into the sewer system or ground water ta
Source: City of Portland
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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies
Philadelphia, PAPortland, OR
Seattle, WA
University of New Hampshire, NH
New York State
e Evironmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLhave put together many case studies that deal with sustainable design and green infrastructure. Someisted above, and also discussed further in following examples. ese progressive communities are usnnovative measures and sustainable design to improve their local environments.
Source: City of Portland
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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (Philadelphia, PA)
Green Streets
Green SchoolsGreen Public Facilities
Green Parking LotsGreen Public Open Space
Green Industry, Business, Commerce and InstitutionsGreen Alleys, Driveways and Walkways
Green Homes
Philadelphia is a progressive city that understands the importance of their watersheds and stormwatmpact on the adjacent Delaware River. e city uses the river for drinking water as well as recreatio
activities. ey have put together a comprehensive plan to greatly reduce and or eliminate combiewer overow events. Some programs the city is working on are listed above. Philadelphia has b
moving in a sustainable direction and is setting a precedent for other older cities that started wcombined sewer systems. Philadelphia has started to manage stormwater through best managem
practices (BMPs) such as Green Infrastructure.
Source: phillywatersheds.org
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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (Portland, OR)
Portland, Oregon is also using green infrastructure for stormwater management as an alternativeconventional grey infrastructure. e city is reducing the amount of stormwater that enters into thcombined system by disconnecting roof drains and requiring new developments to include grnfrastructure installations. e above photos are examples of innovative designs that allow stormwao ow into designated spaces, rather than directly into the combined system. ese vegetated areas
only help reduce the amount of overow events each year, but they also provide a beautiful aesth
component that can raise property value.
Source: City of Portland
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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (Seattle, WA)
Seattle is another city that has a combined sewer system in a climate that generates a signicant amoof stormwater each year. ey also have taken a sustainable approach and have redesigned their streo capture stormwater prior to its entering the sewer system, keeping the systems from becom
overwhelmed. e examples above reect a green infrastructure treatment called bioretention cut-oey are located between the sidewalk and the curb line of the roadway (in the snow storage arContrary to conventional design, these are recessed areas without curbs or with inlets cut out of curb, that allow roadway runo to enter the treatment area. ese stormwater collection areas algroundwater to re-charge into the local water table while also providing an aesthetic barrier betw
vehicles and pedestrians.
Source: City of Seattle
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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (New Hampshire)
e University of New Hampshire has been investigating the use of porous pavement applicationscold weather climates. ey have been researching and testing these new materials during snow evee test results show that this product reduces slick and slippery surfaces, allows slush and small sn
events to melt and drain downward and works well in cold weather climates.
ource: UNH Stormwater Center Source: UNH Stormwater Center
Source: zingersnead.com
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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (New York State)
New York, New York
Syracuse, New York
Rochester, New York
New York State has been moving in a sustainable direction and now it is time to bring these standao Bualo. New York City has developed a set of standards called, High Performance Landsc
Guidelines and the City has been incorporating green infrastructure into their design process. Syracand Onondaga County have been very active, working with communities and schools to educate apromote sustainable lifestyles. e City of Rochester has also incorporated green infrastructure iheir urban fabric to reduce the amount of stormwater overowing from their existing combined se
ystem.
Source: designtrust.org Source: cityofrochester.gov
Source: savetherain.us
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Green Infrastructure:Bualo, New York
SUBMITTED TO
The Residents of WNY and The Bualo Sewer Authority
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
United States Environmental Protection Agency
BY BUFFALO NIAGARA RIVERKEEPER
WITH FUNDING PROVIDED BY
The Community Foundation of Greater Bualo
and the John R. Oishei Foundation
GreenInfrastructureSolutions
TO BUFFALOS
SEWER OVERFLOW
CHALLENGE
Draft Feasibility Study
March 31, 2011
e Bualo Sewer Authority (BSA) is in a position where they can adopt and install green infrastructpractices to manage their stormwater issues. Working with the EPA, the DEC and Bualo NiagRiverkeeper, the BSA has agreed to install a pilot project that will test a series of dierent grnfrastructure treatments and compare one to another. Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper has developeeport to explain the existing problems that are caused by combined sewer overows in Bualo,
which also provides recommendations for green infrastructure solutions to eliminate combined sew
overow events. URS Corp. is the engineering rm working on this pilot project.
Source: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper
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Green Infrastructure:CSO No. 60 Pilot Project
Street Name: Parkdale Avenue
Treatment Type: Rain Garden Inlets
Street Name: Windsor Avenue
Treatment Type: Rain Garden Inlets & Bioretention Bump Out
Street Name: Clarendon Place
Treatment Type: Porous Asphalt
Street Name: Claremont Avenue
Treatment Type: Porous Asphalt
ParkdaleAve
ElmwoodAve
ClaremontAve
GrangerPl
ClarendonPl
WindsorAve
Delaware Park
Hoyt Lake
Forest Lawn Cemetery
Scajaquada Creek
Squaw Island
NiagaraRiver
H.H. RichardsonComplex
Bualo StateCollege
Rain garden Inlet
Bioretention Bump Out
CSO NO.060SEWERSHED
Street Name: Elmwood Avenue
Treatment Type: Commercial Retrofit / Bioretention Planters
Street Name: Granger Place
Treatment Type: Stormwater Treatment Structure
e BSA CSO No. 60 (Green Streets) Pilot Project consists of these streets located in the Scajaquewershed: Clarendon Avenue, Claremont Avenue, Elmwood Avenue, Parkdale Avenue, Windsor Ave
and Granger Place. is project will incorporate various types of sustainable stormwater treatmeese designs will be monitored by the BSA to measure the amount of stormwater that is being redu
by the proposed green infrastructure systems and to test quality of the water as well.
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Green Infrastructure:CSO No. 60 Pilot Project
Clarendon Avenue and Claremont AvenueGreen Treatment: Porous Asphalt
Green Infrastructure: Porous Pavement Axonometric
Stormwater To Allow GroundWater Recharge
Existing Lawn
Emergency OverflPipe
New Curb
Porous Asphalt
Clean and
Washed No. 2Stone
Porous Asphalt
EmergencyOverflow Pipe
Existing Roadway
Existing LawnNew Curb
Stormwater To Allow GroundWater Recharge
NewUnderdrain
Green Infrastructure: Porous Pavement Section
Clean andWashed No. 2
Stone
On Clarendon Avenue and Claremont Avenue, porous asphalt will be installed on two dierent streetest the eectiveness in dierent soils. (One streets soils are more permeable than the other). e por
asphalt will be installed in a 4-foot long strip located adjacent to the roadway curbing. e water heet from the center of the road towards the curb, where it will inltrate into the permeable pavem
helping to reduce the amount of stormwater owing into existing drain inlets, while at the same ti
allowing for groundwater recharge.
ource: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper
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Green Infrastructure:CSO No. 60 Pilot Project
RainWater RainW
ater
Photo Overlay of Green Infrastructure: Commercial Retrofit
ExistingStorefront
New Sidewalk
New GreenInfrastructure
BioretentionPlanter
Concrete CurbFoudation
New Sidewalk
Rain Runnel
Rain Runnel
Existing Asphalt
Road
Drain Inlet to GreenInfrastructure System
Drain Inlet to GreenInfrastructure System
New PaversPlan View
NTS
Concrete CurbFou at on
New Curbing
New Pavers
Rain Water to Planter
Rain Water to Planter
Rain Water to Planter
Commercial Green Infrastructure Retrot for Elmwood Ave (Plan View)
Elmwood Avenue will receive a green infrastructure commercial-retrot design. is system ntroduce curb inlets to allow stormwater to drain into bioretention planters. is treatment o
a positive educational experience to the public, as they will be able to witness the hydrology of tormwater as it ows into the designed spaces. Bioretention planters will be planted with colorful, ha
perennials that are salt and drought tolerant.
Source: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper
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Green Infrastructure:CSO No. 60 Pilot Project
New Concrete
Sidewalk
Stormwater Percolates
through the Media and
Allows Ground WaterRecharge
Emergency
Overflow Pipe to
Drain into SewerSystem
StormwaterFlows into
Rain Garden
Cut Out
Perennial Plantings
to Beautify the
Streetscape
Existing
Engineered Soil Media
Green Infrastructure Rain Garden
Cut Out Section
Day Lilly(Hemerocallis SP.)
Sun Sage(Carex Pensylvanica)
Purple Dome Aster(Asater Novae-Angliae Purple Dome)
Blue Flag Iris(Iris Versicolor)
Moonshine Yellow(Achillea Moonshine)
Prarie Coreopsis(Coreopsis Palmata)
Southern Blue Flag Iris(Iris Viginica)
Purple Cone Flower(Echinacea Purpurea)
Indian Blanket Flower(Gaillardia X Grandfolia)
Scaly Blazing Star(Liatris Squarrosa)
Parkdale AvenueGreen Treatment: Cut Out Rain Gardens
Parkdale Avenue will be retrotted with Green Infrastructure cut-outs which are designed to accept show from the road surface as well as the sidewalk runo. e stormwater will ow into the designaain gardens and plant material will absorb pollutants and toxins as the water inltrates downward
echarge the local groundwater table.
ource: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper
ource: City of Seattle
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Green Infrastructure:CSO No. 60 Pilot Project
Specic vegetation can be used to help clean stormwater. is graphic shows locations within planted space where several toxins are absorbed, captured and removed from stormwater. is systwill contribute to reducing the amount of stormwater entering the existing sewer system as wel
contributing water quality improvements.
Green Infrastructure Bio-Remediation
Stormwater Percolates throughthe Media and Allows Ground
Water Recharge
Stormwater
Total Phosphorus
Thermal Pollution
Nitrogen
Pathogens
Total Suspended Solids
Metals
Oils and Grease
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Green Infrastructure:CSO No. 60 Pilot Project
Granger PlaceTreatment: Stormceptor Structure
Granger Place will receive a Stormceptor structure. It is important to understand that this particutructure is not a green infrastructure treatment. However, it is part of this pilot project.is syst
will be tested along with other green treatments. is device will remove stormwater pollutants suas oil and sediment collected from road surfaces. is treatment will be the most obtrusive to lo
esidents compared to others in this pilot project and will have no eect on stormwater reduction.
Source: gadha.org
Source: www.imbriumsystems.com
Vehicular oil spillage found on roadway surfacesuch as this one will eventually ow into theewer system.
Stormceptor:is engineered system will capture oils and sedimand allow cleaner stormwater to pass through and e
the existing combined sewer system.
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Green Infrastructure:CSO No. 60 Pilot Project
Flow monitoring thereduction of stormwater
As mentioned before, this pilot project will incorporate scientic data collection and testing to quanhe various sustainable treatments. Water quality testing will determine which system best remooxins, road surface sediments and engine oils from stormwater. Flow monitors will also be utilized
measure the amount of stormwater that has been reduced from the green infrastructure designs.data will be compared to test data of the existing systems located within the same sewershed. A ma
will be developed to convey the testing results.
ource: watertestingblog.com
Source: awcompany.c
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Bualo Niagara RIVERKEEPER:Active Role In Our Community
SUBMITTED TO
The Residents of WNY and The Bualo Sewer Authority
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
United States Environmental Protection Agency
BY BUFFALO NIAGARA RIVERKEEPER
WITH FUNDING PROVIDED BY
The Community Foundation of Greater Bualo
and the John R. Oishei Foundation
GreenInfrastructure
SolutionsTO BUFFALOS
SEWER OVERFLOW
CHALLENGE
Draft Feasibility Study
March 31, 2011
Rain barrels for rain water harvesting
Working with volunteers for habitat restoration
River Academy: A collaboration between ECC andBualo Niagara Riverkeeper to teach members of thelocal communities about stream science, watershedrestoration and riparian restoration.
Bualo Sewers Report:
Green Infrastructure Solutions
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Questions?
If you have any questions, you may contact:
Mark BogdanG I f t t Pl
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