Biology 152 – Skeletal Muscle...

Biology 152 – Skeletal Muscle Objectives For this assignment, we will be learning muscle names, actions, origins, and insertions. Half of your credit will come from their names, so learn those first! Next, practice their actions (as a lot of credit is earned there as well). Finally, practice origins and insertions using the terminology we learned for the bones (and remembering that the origin is the ANCHORING end and the insertion MOVES). I will consider a proper answer to be similar to what I have outlined below. Note:Thestructuresitalicizedandmarkedwithanasterisk(***)arenotmuscles,butratherareconnectivetissuestructuresthatareimportantforunderstandingtheorigisnorinsertionsofthemajormuscles.

HEAD AND NECK MUSCULATURE Orbicularisoculi O:nasalandfrontalbones,I:cornerofeyelid

A:squinting/blinkingMasseter O:zygomaticarch,I:ramusofmandible

A:elevatemandible,chewing Buccinator O:mandibleandmaxilla,I:orbicularisoris

A:blowing,whistling,sucking Orbicularisoris O:fasciaatmouthcorner,I:circlesbackonitself

A:puckeringlips,kissing Sternocleidomastoid O:sternumandclavicle,I:mastoidprocessoftemporalbone

A:flexheadforward Platysma O:fasciaofpectoralismajoronchest,I:cornersofmouth

A:depressmandible,tenseneck Spleniuscapitis O:cervicalspinousprocesses,I:mastoidprocessoftemporal

A:extendheadatneck Temporalis O:temporalbone,I:coronoidprocessofmandible

A:elevatemandible,biting

Frontalis O:galeaaponeurotica***,I:eyebrowA:elevateeyebrow

Occipitalis O:occipitalbone,I:galeaaponeurotica***A:anchorsscalp

Zygomaticusmajor O:zygomaticarch,I:cornerofmouthA:elevatecornerofmouth,smiling

***Galeaaponeurotica(connectivetissuesheetformingthescalp)

TORSO MUSCULATURE Deltoid O:clavicle,spineandacromionofscapula,I:deltoidtuberosity

A:abducthumerusatshoulderPectoralismajor O:upperribsandsternum,I:betweenhumeraltubercles

A:flexhumerusatshoulder Latissimusdorsi O:lumbarfasciaandthoracicspines,I:betweenhumeraltubercles

A:extend/hyperextendhumerusattheshoulder Teresmajor O:axillaryborderofscapula,I:betweenhumeraltubercles

A:adducthumerusatshoulder Pectoralisminor O:upperribs,I:coracoidprocessofscapula

A:protractanddepressscapula Serratusanterior O:upperandmiddleribs,I:vertebralborderofscapula

A:protractandelevatescapula Externaloblique O:lowerribsandlumbarfascia,I:lineaalbatopubis

A:rotatetorso,compressabdomen-"V"shape Internaloblique O:iliumandlumbarfascia,I:lineaalbatoxiphoidprocess

A:rotatetorso,compressabdomen-"A"shapeRectusabdominis O:pubis,I:xiphoidprocess

A:compressabdomen,sit-ups

Transversusabdominis

O:lubarfasciafromiliumtolowerribs,I:lineaalbafromxiphoidtopubisA:compressabdomen

Trapezius O:vertebralspinesfromcervicaltolumbar,I:acromionandspineofscapulaA:retractscapula

ShoulderRotatorCuff(stabilizersandrotatorsforhumerus)Supraspinatus O:supraspinousfossa,I:greatertubercleofhumerus

A:rotatehumeraslateralInfraspinatus O:infraspinousfossa,I:greatertubercleofhumerus

A:rotatehumeruslateralSubscapularis O:subscapularfossa,I:lessertubercleofhumerus

A:rotatehumerusmedialIntercostals(openandcompressribcagetohelprespiration;usedforinhalationandexhalation)Externalintercostals

O:uppersurfaceofribs,I:lowersurfaceofribsA:inspiration-"V"shape

Internalintercostals

O:lowersurfaceofribs,I:uppersurfaceofribsA:expiration-"A"shape

ARM MUSCULATURE - anterior flexors and posterior extensors Bicepsbrachii O:coracoidprocessandglenoidlip,I:radialtuberosity

A:flexatelbowTricepsbrachii O:scapulaandposteriortoheadofhumerus,I:olecranonofulna

A:extendatelbow

BONUSMUSCLES(inbold)withActionsBrachioradialis A:flexatelbow Brachialis A:flexelbow Pronatorteres A:pronateforearm Coracobrachialis A:flexhumerusatshoulder) Flexorcarpiulnaris A:flexatwrist Flexorcarpiradialis A:flexatwrist) Extensorcarpiradialislongus A:extendatwristExtensorcarpiradialisbrevis A:extendatwrist)Extensorcarpiulnaris A:extendatwristFlexordigitorumsuperficialis A:flexdigitsweakly(superficialy)Flexordigitorumprofundus A:flexdigitsstrongly(deeply)Extensordigitorumcommunis A:extenddigits(#2,3,and4)Palmarislongus A:tensepalm

HIPMUSCULATURE–anteriorflexors,posteriorextensors,lateralabductors,medialadductors

Iliopsoas O:iliacfossaandlumbarvertebrae,I:lessertrochanteroffemurA:flexthighathip

Pectineus O:pubis,I:lessertrochanteroffemurA:flexthighathip

Adductorlongus

O:pubis,I:lineaasperaA:adductthighathip

Adductormagnus

O:ischialtuberosity,I:lineaasperaA:adductthighathip

Sartorius O:anteriorsuperioriliacspine,I:medialtibialcondyleA:rotatekneelateral,stronglyflexknee

Gracilis O:pubis,I:medialtibialcondyleA:rotatekneemedial,slightlyflexknee

Gluteusmaximus

O:iliumandsacrum,I:glutealtuberosityoffemurA:extendthighathip

Gluteusmedius

O:posterioriliaccrest,I:greatertrochanteroffemurA:abductthighathip

Gluteusminimus

O:posterioriliaccrest,I:greatertrochanteroffemurA:extendthighathip

Tensorfascialatae

O:anterioriliaccrest,I:iliotibialtracttolateralknee***A:abductthighathip

***iliotibialtract(fasciaencasinglateralsideofthigh)

KNEE MUSCULATURE – posterior flexors (hams) and anterior extensors (quads) QuadricepsFemorisgroup-kneeextensorsgroup,shareacommoninsertion,hotdoginabun!Rectusfemoris

O:anteriorinferioriliacspine,I:tibialtuberosityA:extendkneeandflexthighathip

Vastuslateralis

O:greatertrochanteroffemur,I:tibialtuberosityA:extendknee)

Vastusmedialis

O:lessertrochanteroffemur,I:tibialtuberosityA:extendknee

Vastusintermedius

O:betweentrochantersoffemur,I:tibialtuberosityA:extendknee

Hamstrings-kneeflexorgroup,shareacommonorigin!Semimembranosus O:ischialtuberosity,I:medialtibialcondyle

A:flexkneeSemitendinosus O:ischialtuberosity,I:medialtibialcondyle

A:flexkneeBicepsfemoris O:ischialtuberosity,I:lateraltibialcondyle

A:flexkneeandextendthighathip

ANKLEMUSCULATURE–plantarflexanddorsiflexfootTibialisanterior O:lateraltotibialcrest,I:firstmetatarsal(ofhallux)

A:dorsiflexfootFibularis(orperoneus)longus/brevis

O:lateralfibulardiaphysis,I:firstmetatarsal(ofhallux)A:evert(andplantarflex)foot

Gastrocnemius O:medial/lateralfemoralcondyles,I:calcaneus(throughAchillestendon)A:plantarflexfoot

Soleus O:posteriortibia/fibula,I:calcaneus(throughAchillestendon)A:plantarflexfoot

On the practical itself, you will be given the following format:

Number Proper Muscle Name (1pnt) Proper Action/Origin/Insertion (1pnt) 1 Action: 2 Action: 3 Origin: 4 Insertion: