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Beyond Barriers of Energy Cooperation in Northeast Asia: Links to Southeast Asia. By Guillermo R. Balce, D. Sc. ASEAN Centre for Energy. For presentation at the International Seminar on Northeast Asia Energy Cooperation; 18 October 2002; Seoul, Korea. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ByGuillermo R. Balce, D. Sc.ASEAN Centre for Energy
For presentation at the International Seminar on Northeast Asia Energy Cooperation; 18 October 2002; Seoul, Korea
Beyond Barriers of Energy Cooperation in Northeast Asia: Links to Southeast Asia
Introduction
• Energy cooperation among neighboring countries is motivated primarily by common concerns. In Southeast Asia, the common concerns are oil security and energy market access. These two factors cement the bond between net oil importing countries and net oil exporting countries in the ASEAN towards creating regional energy programmes. Two major energy infrastructure programmes have commenced in 1999 upon the mandate of the ASEAN Heads of Government under the ASEAN Vision 2020 issued in 1997. These programmes are the Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline (TAGP) and the ASEAN Power Grid (APG).
• It is most likely that oil security and energy market access are also common to Northeast Asian countries. Therefore, energy cooperation could as well focus on gas pipeline and power grid.
Map of ASEAN Power GridASEAN POWER GRID
Development of ASEAN Cooperation for APG
1960
2000
1990
1980
1970
(1978) Thailand–Malaysia–Singapore Power Exchange Agreement
GMS Integrated Transmission System Study by MRC ( 1996 )
Establishment of AIMS – WG under HAPUA ( May, 2000 ) Policy Statement on Regional Power Trade endorsed by GMS Ministers ( January, 2000)
( 1985 ) P. Malaysia – Singapore Interconnection Commissioned
P. Malaysia – Thailand Interconnection Commissioned (1981)
Establishment of HAPUA (1981)(1982) HAPUA Electricity Interconnection Program Commencement
Power Trade Strategy for GMS by WB ( 1999 )
Completion of APG Master Plan by AIMS–WG ( projected 2003 )
( 1966 ) Lao PDR – Thailand Power Exchange Agreement
1960
2000
1990
1980
1970
2nd Meeting of the Trans-Borneo Power Grid Interconnection (June 2002)1st Meeting on Trans – Borneo Power interconnection (August, 2001)
ASEAN POWER GRID
Link with Northeast AsiaParticipation of Yunnan Province of China in GMS Power
Interconnection and Trade Programme
ASEAN POWER GRID
Greater Mekong Sub-Region Interconnection Plan
Map of TAGPTRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE
• 1988-1990 : ASEAN Council on Petroleum’s (ASCOPE) study on the “Potential of Natural Gas Pipeline Connection in the
ASEAN Region”
• 1993-1996 : Master plan on Natural Gas Development and Utilisation in the ASEAN Region under the ASEAN-EC Energy
Management Training and Research Centre (AEEMTRC) conducted by European Companies SNAM, Gaz de
France and Trans Energ
• 1 July 1996 : Master plan Report endorsed by the 14th ASEAN Ministers of Energy Meeting
• 15 Dec 1997 : ASEAN Vision 2020
• 16 Dec 1998 : Hanoi Plan of Action
• Early 1999 : ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE) created the Trans- ASEAN Gas Pipeline Task Force (TAGP-TF) led by Malaysia
• 1 July 1999 : ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation 1999-2004
• 14 Feb 2001 : ASCOPE TAGP-TF completed a new masterplan on Trans- ASEAN Gas Pipeline and proposed an ASEAN MOU on TAGP
• 5 July 2002 : 20th AMEM signed ASEAN MOU on TAGP
TRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE
Development of ASEAN Cooperation for TAGP
TRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE
Gas pipeline interconnection plan with Southern China
TRANS-ASEAN GAS PIPELINE
Indonesia’s Integrated Gas Transmission Plan
Towards NE Asia – SE Asia Cooperation
• GMS Power Trade Agreement
• ASEAN + 3
• ASEAN – Japan
• ASEAN – Korea
• APEC
• IEA
• Kyoto Protocol
• Others including bilateral arrangements
Current Institutional Linkages
Oil Trade Flows
Chokepoints for Oil Chokepoints for Oil & Gas Trade Flow& Gas Trade Flow
Energy Security Concern between NE Asia & SE Asia
Conclusion
Beyond the barriers, energy security
and market access concerns are
bonding elements for NE Asia energy
cooperation as well as between NE
Asia and SE Asia.
Thank You
ASEAN Centre for Energy, 2002
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