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AtomsMolecules
ElementsCompounds
AtomThe smallest particle that can
still be identified as the matter it came from.
Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.
Consists of Protons (+), Electrons (-), and Neutrons (N).
Video Clips: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1RMV5qhwyE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I
Atomic Structure
Atoms consist of three subatomic particles:
electrons ◦electrons are negatively charged
particlesprotons
◦protons are positively charged particles
neutrons ◦neutrons have no charge
Electrons of an atom:
Small negatively charged particleOrbit, circle, around the nucleusHave no mass.Number of electrons = number of
protons
Protons of an atom:
small, positively charged particles reside in the nucleus along with the neutron, make up
most of the mass of the atom the number of protons is what
defines the type of a particular atom.number of protons = number of
electrons
Neutrons of an atom:
small particles with no charge reside in the nucleus along with the proton, make up
most of the mass of the atom
Nucleus of an atom:The dense area
in the center of an atom.
Inside the nucleus of every atom are smaller particles called protons, and neutrons.
Nucleus
ElementMatter that is made of only one
kind of atom is an element. • Cannot be broken down into a
simpler type of matter by either physical or chemical means
• Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are all elements.
• Song: http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/videos/chemistry/elementsong.html
Each element has a name and symbol:
How are they arranged in the periodic table?
Elements are arranged in order of their atomic number.
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus.
Chemistry Rap:http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Apr7MdbHGQoThe New Periodic Table Song:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUDDiWtFtEM
Molecule
A molecule consists of two or more atoms of the same element, or different elements, that are chemically bound together.
In the animation above, two nitrogen atoms (N + N = N2) make one Nitrogen molecule .
Video:
Example of Molecules
More Examples
Some molecules are more complex:Some fat molecules: A protein
molecule:
cholesterol
Molecules can be represented many ways:
Chemical Formula:
Structural Formula:
CH4
H2O
Ball and Stick Model:
Space Filling Model:
HH
O
Compound
Atoms of two or more different elements bonded together.
In the animation above, water (H20) is a compound made of Hydrogen and Oxygen.
Video
The relationship between atoms, elements, molecules and compounds.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV4jJZCIMPo
Examples:
Four different molecules:
Which are compounds?
What are each of these?
Atom, Element,Molecule,orCompound
Practice with Vocabulary:
Chemical Formulas show how many atoms of each element are in one molecule:
6234C6H12O4Cl
3123C3H8O
032H2O
021O2
# of Carbon atoms
# of atoms total
# of elements
Chemical Formula
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