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At Yalta, GB, USSR, and the US decide how to structure the post-war world
Creation of the United Nations (UN)
Formed to protect member nations against aggression and prevent war
Difference from League of Nations - Permanent members of the Security Council could VETO proposals
Members with veto power - US, USSR, China, France, GB
Post - WWII, the United States and the Soviet Union are no longer allies
Differences in ideology lead to diplomatic hostility
Economics—
Capitalism vs. Communism
Government—
Democracy vs. Totalitarianism
Values—
Freedom vs. Equality
Individualism vs. Collectivism
United States Soviet Union
encourage democracy in other countries to help prevent the rise of
Communist governments
encourage communism in other countries as part of a worldwide
workers’ revolution
gain access to raw materials and markets to fuel booming industries
rebuild its war-ravaged economy using Eastern Europe’s industrial
equipment and raw materials
rebuild European governments to promote stability and create new
markets for American goods
control Eastern Europe to protect Soviet borders and balance the U.S.
influence in Western Europe
reunite Germany to stabilize it and increase the security of Europe
keep Germany divided to prevent its waging war again
U.S. adopts policy of containment, pledges to support nations that resist communism
Truman Doctrine: Use $$$ to prevent spread of Communism
economic aid to Western Europe
allows Europe to rebuild helps create markets for U.S.
goods
STOP! How do these posters reflect the mood of postwar Europe and the United States?
STOP! WHAT DO THESE CARTOONS MEAN?
Austria Belarus Belgium Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Ireland Italy Latvia
Germany Lichtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Russia
Slovakia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom Ukraine
US and GB try to reunify Germany, combine zones into one territory
USSR holds West Berlin hostage
US airlifted supplies into city, allowing its residents to survive
The US and the USSR organize military alliances
NATO (US and friends) vs. Warsaw Pact (USSR and friends)
Nuclear weapons Spying Space race
Soviets wanted to shield themselves from future attack (do you blame them?)
Communist neighbors (Poland, Romania, Bulgaria) would help
”Iron Curtain” - the line of Soviet Control in E. Euro
Use E. Euro to rebuild economies
A “thank you” for liberating you?
1961 – construction of the Berlin Wall
USSR crushes opposition in Hungary and Czechoslovakia
Keep power at all costs!
U.S. CIA overthrows leaders in Guatemala, Chile, Iran, others
Keep them non-Communist at all costs!
Hungarians Topple a Stalin Statue
1959- Communist Fidel Castro overthrew U.S.-supported Fulgencio Batista
1961- Bay of Pigs invasion (backed by U.S.) fails
1962- Cuban Missile Crisis
Castro
Batista
Mikhail Gorbachev: Premier of USSR 1983-91
Worked with President Reagan to open up USSR to “glasnost” (freedom of speech) and “perestroika” (capitalism)
Eventually lost support of Communist Party and resigned after Communist Party’s coup-d’etat in 1991
Nations try to be economically powerful again.
Form European Union (EU)
Join nations together to become strong global economic power as a group
Euro
Now you need to create a one-page study guide reviewing the major terms so far. Show links and connections
Yalta Conference (end of WW2)
Agreed to
Agreed to
Division of Germany and Berlin (US on west and USSR on east)
Creation of the UN w/ Security Council - US, USSR, China, GB, and France have veto
Origin of the Cold War – disagreements here spill over
Yalta Conference United Nations Division of Germany Ideologies Containment Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan
Berlin Airlift NATO / Warsaw Pact Iron Curtain Berlin Wall Cuban Missile Crisis Fall of the USSR European Union
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