Assuring Access to Health Promoting Foods for Everybody What are the consequences if we...

Assuring Access to Health Promoting Foods for Everybody

What are the consequences if we don't? 

How can we reduce disparities?

Nutrition Security

• The provision of an environment that encourages and motivates society to make food choices consistent with short and long term good health.

Food Security

• Assess by all people at all times to sufficient food for an active and healthy life. Food security includes at a minimum: the ready availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods, and an assured ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways.

Food Insecurity

• a household had limited or uncertain availability of food, or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways (i.e., without resorting to emergency food supplies, scavenging, stealing, or other unusual coping strategies).

Hunger

• The uneasy or painful sensation caused by a lack of food.

• Involuntary hunger that results from not being able to afford enough food

• The recurrent and involuntary lack of access to food

• May produce malnutrition over time.

History of the Food Security Measurement Project

1990 NMRR Act recommends a standardized mechanism for defining and obtaining data on the prevalence of food insecurity

1992 USDA staff review existing research

1994 USDA and DHHS sponsor conference on Food Security Measurement and Research

1995 Current Population Survey of US Census Bureau includes Food Security Measurement scale

1996-present

Annual Surveys, ERS assumes leadership, others encouraged to use FSMS

Washington State Data

Washington State, 1999-2001

• Food Insecure without hunger – 12.5%

Food Insecurity with Hunger

Fruit and Vegetable IntakeIncome and Education

WA State BRFSS, 1996, 1998, 2000

29.1

24.4

20.6

25.7

23.4

22.8

0 10 20 30 40

College Grad

Some College

<= High School

> $50,000

$20,000-50,000

< $20,000

Percent

ObesityIncome and Education

WA State BRFSS, 1998 - 2000

13.4

20.9

20.9

17.5

20.2

21.0

0 10 20 30

College Grad

Some College

<= High School

> $50,000

$20,000-50,000

< $20,000

Percent

ObesityRace and Ethnicity

WA State BRFSS, 1998 - 2000

20.2

18.5

29.7

9.6

29.5

18.6

0 10 20 30 40 50

Non-Hispanic

Hispanic

White

Black

Asian/PacficIslander

Am Indian/Alaska Native

Percent

Gradient exists at all levels of the SEP hierarchy

02468

101214161820

Lifetim e Non-Smokers

Current Smokers

Administrative Professional/ExecutiveClerical Manual

Adapted from Smith and Shipley. Soc Sci Med, 32; 1991

Mortality Rate

Washington Mortality and EducationWA Death Certificate 1997 – 1999, SPS

0 500 1000 1500 2000

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

age

grou

p

mortality rate per 100,000

college +<=high school