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8/20/2019 Asphalt Pavment Maintenance Filed Book
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Asphalt
Pavement M
Field Handbo
RJBUSHED
BY
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LlNMWC
S r o l r l s o l l s
Minnesota Locd
Road
Research
Board
(LRRB)
Rcscwch ImplementationCommittee
Minnesota Depaitment of Transportation
(MnlDoT)
Federal
Highway
Administration (FHWA)
Circut Training and Assistance Program CTM3,
Minnesota Tz/LOUl Technical Assistance
pmOnm (LTAP),
Center for Tnnrportilition S t u d i i CTS),
University of Minnesota
TECHNKAL ADVISORY
PANEL
The Technical Advisory Panel that steered this
proiect was extremely helpful
in
identifying
key
issues and concerns ofthose responsible for
m*ntoinii our asphalt
pavements.
They also
were very
generous with
their
time
to
review
th
merit
and
contribute
to
ts technical
accura
and applicption
to
Minnesota. We appreciate th
as&ance of
the
following p e q k who saved o
the Technical Advisory Panel for this document:
hlaria
Hagen Minnesota T~ILTAP Program
JemyGeib Mn/DOT
~ O l s o nMnlDOT
Gene Skok Department of C i l Engineering
Univenityof Minnesota
Tom
Wood
MnlDOT
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INTRODUCIION
H W
o
USE THIS MANUAL
This
field manual
provides
guidelines for preventiveasphalt pavement main
nance techniques
for a variety of
distmxr
and
d i m .It
COWK:
crack
treatments (dean and real,
rout
and seal,
full-depm
crack
repaid
*
surface tnstments
fog seal,
seal
mat, thin hot-mix owdays
pomok patching
and
mpair ~cdd-miiasphalt,spray in ist ion patching,
hot-
mix asphalt, duny or microsurfacingmatecial)
REUTEDW B U
This
field
manua
Ravemcnt Maint
oflice
of Resear
The Minnesota L
ment
distress ma
pwnmnt
d
are also given, a
tdfic, or
con-.
D i m m
Manual
aconnpanying
re
M i n m o t o Citie
Smrias
at 651-2
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CRACK TREATMENTS
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FuMcph crsck
rep&
involves milling a trench centered over an existing
crack,
pbcing
hot-mix asphalt HMA) into the d r in one or
more
lifts,
and
mpact ing
to a c h i i
density.
Milling depth
varies
from vz inch for sacks in good condition, to
full
depth
for
pawments
with severe deteriontion in the crackvidnity. The mill width
varies
from 10
to
12 inches
for
shallow milling to 3
to4 inches
for deep
milling.
When
W n g
he
con@uration
of
the
area
to
e
milkd,
the
trench
should be wide enough to ensure good compaction.
lt
is difficult to
a c h i i
good
mpaction in a deep and nammtrench.
* Release trafficafter
mixture
has
been
compacted and
c u d .
*
Ropcrfy
drain cradcr mat have been milled and cleaned out if
they
are
albwed
to
stand beforenew asphalt cwry s placed.
WMknunshii an
sequence:
1
Minoutthe
2. If
needed,
u
3. vscuum out
4.
Tsdc
the rrr
5.
Place
hot m
6. C o m p a c
mtnt
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Haawld
lMQl
-NccMlon
3w
m
*
CSS-1
or
CSS-lh diluted
wkh an
equal
arnamt d m h
mdyap d at0.0
surface temperature of
at
kast 509
and
rising
are
recummenfled.
kal coat 2 m Ulc
only
on a
dean
pavement
surface.
ISW II.c
*
X he--
application rates
for binder and
ageregates
Use highqualily
materials.
Minimizethe distancebetween the disttibutor and the
spmada.
Placeaggreg
*
Use
at
least
three ollers, all
at maximum
speed of 5 mph.
Gmpl&e compac
S w n p
the roadway as soon as possible, and no later than the next rnominp.
*
Pwwnent should be
dry and
dean, and
dl
neacrury n@rs or recondi ioning
Place
when
boththe
air
and
pavement
temperature
are at
least
5o.F
and
the
Follow mix
design
carefully.
Ideal for high-volume roads.
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UWRlzl- Fo#sul
A- n d 1ern.ppMonofdhted
asphalt
Hrmkion
wi ihou ta
cowraggre-
9s ,wed ta
seal andmi the a@
pamnentsurfxe,
seal
minor
a d ,
prewnt mding,
and provide shoulder delineation.
Pavement
rhoukl
be
dry and
dean,
and
a l neccrraiy repairs or recondition
ing
w o k should becompleted wior to placing the
fog
seal. Place sealer
wi h
an
asphalt distributor.
0 The app hlio n rate is key. Emulsion rates usually ranw from 0.05 to 0.15
gallsy. Keep the applicationrate
low
to p e n t splashing and decreased
skid
rrriat;mce. A spraying temperatureof 125 to 1
and
surface tem
perature
of
a t least
50°F
and rising are recommended.
* Apply when temperatulw are
warm
or hot
Cool
temperatures require
k q e r curing times prior to opming
the
roadway to M c .
*
Keep
tra off the emulsion until it has cured. Sand cover may also be
used to improvethe surface friction.
* UK asphalt
em
CSS-1 H) or pro
Don’t over-app
Use CSS-1
or -
mvement surfa
.,
Pavementshould be
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k n a t ~ * r ( l k . n * r + ~ r o a d r w c . k n u n l i l * J I ~ k r c
3. Apply cover a
~ ~ ~ * ~ ~ k
4.
Roll
the
~
chip-s
.nvdMe kas.
should be the
m==
5. Sweep excess
WFhMrdunuw l
n n m c r s e
face.
This m a
~ * r + d a h
are used.
2 Usea
minimum o
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D a W - p d d
ut-mlx
we- are wcd to impfwe
the
undiond hen-
Specification
23
stwcWrd9
condihn
of the
pavement.
Thicktwwes wc
l ess than
2
inches.
Compaction
is
* Milling
or w i n g
a
leveling w x
should
precede thin
HMAs where
pave- 31n-inch minus
ments
need
crewsection improvements.
In
addkion,
d cracks
should
be
Isskd
@or
to
apphtion. Tack coats
are ne esmy
when
using
thin
HhlAs.
N*ximum
aggmgate size is
haif
the
i f t thidcmrr.
Asgmgate one-third
times the
l i f t
thickness
is
preferred.
*
Mixes
should
k
placed
in
warm
wdt ter
(55T
minimum) and must
be
ro#ed immediitely. Due to
their
bow
mais
they
lose
heat
veiy
quickly, and
achieving
density
is only
possible
if
they am compacted
while
still
hot.
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Thir s w b h nduda inkmulion on both permanent and smporary W n g .
3.
Backfill
the exc
F 6 r b o * ( y p c r o f ~
directly from t
*
Urc high-qUJicI
patding mabtial.
the mix carefu
C0mp.a-
pa6ch, even
by
driving overthe patch with
a
truck center of the p
* h w wclld
WD
ylu pakh Hu-don’t mmW it
in.
should be flush
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-siwwpMvlrukran
bcornpti bk with
water,
the
crack
dar not
Hot Mi
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Technique
All
Tip
Quality control and density are very important to obtaining good performanc
Use
high-qua li i patching materials, which are cost-effective compared with
Hot
Mix
Cold Mix
because
they
don’t
last.
Use high-qualii mix on permanent patches.
*
when using cold mix in heated hoppers, watch temperatures. Do not heat m
temperatures, binder
may
harden.
Use year-round for t e m m w Datches
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M c m i ~wch.12
somaimr
d e d stockpile
patching
mixture, consists of a
plant-mixed material made
of
a suitable binder, a mnpatbk rggrcgate,and
an ;irddi iucb rnoisture resistance.
Use a mqurlty material. Severalpmprietary mixes are .v*kMc as
well
as Mn/D
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I
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Uuny
or rnlawurfadng crack Wing involves pk ing a slurry-which is a
mixture
of
aggregate, asphalt emulsion, and a mineral
filler such
as Portland
cernen-into a wide crack and striking
it
off with a squeegee. Slurry-filling
cracks
s good for roadways with severe transverse cracks and/or depressed
transverse cracks. A 3-foot-widesqueegee, with sideboards,
is
typically used
to
feather the material into the depressed areas.
Aggregates for slurry mixes may consist
of
most hard-crushed aggregates
such as granite, limestone, trap tu slag, and taconite tailings. They conform
to
one
of three gradations: MnlDOT 3139 Type 1 Type 2, and Type
3.
The
maximum size for slurry aggrevtes is 2.36 mm X8 sieve) for Type 1 and 9.5
mm
Wkinch sieve) for Type
2
and
3.
Type
3 h a s a coarser
gradationthan
Type 2. All slurry gradations have between
5
and 15
percent
passing the 75-
micron sieve X200).
*
Crack preparation should indude milling and blowing loose materialfrom
the cracks The cure rate ranges from 30 minutes to 1 hour, depending on
the air temperature, humidity, and materials used.
* Because
of
required cure period, do not
use
slurry to MI deep
cracks
or cracks
tha
Avoid late se
Allow materi
*
Rut W i g
s
o
paction of the
or structurall
~ d o l i n e s
Ruts
114
to
314
Ruts greater th
Ruts
gm ter th
The maximum
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Sluny or
Microsurfacing
Material continued
The construction
sequence
is:
1.
Mi ll and blow o ut existing depressions, if d esired.
2.
Position slurry unit o ver the crack or depression
to
be filled.
3.
Deposit sufficie
c a d c
4. Strike off the m
Deposit suficient
sluny
to fill
crack.
2 Strike off
slurty
material.
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