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ASL 1 Unit 5 Culture Notes
ADA- What does it stand for? ADA- American’s with Disabilities Act Federal law requires equal access to
information and services for all people, regardless of disability
Think of ramps to classrooms and visual fire alarms
Interpreters Sign language interpreters are a way for
deaf and hearing people to have equal access to each other.
Interpreters sign what is heard and voice what is signed
If you use an interpreter, talk directly to the Deaf person- don’t say “Ask him”
Make eye contact with the Deaf person, not the interpreter.
Education options:
Residential School that uses ASL Residential School that uses the Oral
Method and do NOT sign Attend a public school (Mainstreamed)
Residential Schools A residential school is a school
specifically for D/deaf students. Residential schools either use sign
(manual method) or forbid sign (oral method)
The first school for Deaf people opened in the US in 1817- The American School for the Deaf. They used the manual method.
Residential Schools There is usually only 1 school for deaf children
in each state (depending on the state size and population of deaf people)
Some students will stay at school during the week and return home on weekends and vacations.
This is a place where being Deaf is normal- Deaf teachers, sports teams, administrators, etc. Even if a person who works there is hearing, they can sign. Everyone on campus signs!!!
Oral Schools (Oral Method) These schools strive to teach deaf
students to speak and speech read. The focus is on the “Hearing World” Rarely (if ever) are students allowed to
sign The schools are usually preschool-8th
grade. Learning to speak is a long and
challenging process for many deaf people
Mainstream Some deaf students attend a public
school or are mainstreamed Often there are very few deaf students
in a public school- this can be lonely and frustrating at times
Students will wear hearing aids, teachers use a microphone, and/or there will be an interpreter in the classroom.
HISTORY: Milan Conference Occurred in Milan Italy in 1880 Enforced the oral method over the manual
method The only country against this change was the US This had a huge impact on deaf people:
Deaf teachers lost their jobs Students had to sign in secret or be punished Sign language could have been “lost” Organizations were developed to protect the rights
of deaf people and sign language
Gallaudet University Founded in 1864- the world’s only liberal
arts university designed specifically for Deaf and hard of hearing students.
In Washington D.C. All courses taught in ASL Hearing students may attend but they
must demonstrate fluency in ASL
Definitions Prelingual Deafness: Going deaf before
learning a language (first 5 years of life) Postlingual Deafness: Going deaf after
learning a language (after 5 years of life)
How to sign “Mr. and Mrs.” There are no signs for Mr., Mrs., or Miss
in ASL. Show respect by using a person’s sign
name and respectful facial expressions.
If you are late: In formal situations in Deaf culture be
ready to give a detailed explanation of why you are late.
This is considered polite in Deaf Culture.
Time Spot Used to communicate the hour and
minute Number begins at the wrist All time signs face outwards including
numbers 1-5
Classifiers Handshapes in ASL that represents a
class of shared characteristics The handshape conveys details
contributing to the overall concept of the sign as well as the signs meaning
Often used in ASL storytelling and when describing things
Represented by CL:
CL:B (see page 193) Walk/Step Walls, doors Flat surface like a table or ground Flag waving Boat on waves
CL: 1 An individual- walking, hunching over,
moving quickly, falling over, etc. Can increase number for more people
up to 5 for a crowd Can also be cylindrical objects like logs
or poles
CL: 3 Wheeled Vehicles like cars, bikes, or
motorcycles How would you show these?
CL: ʌ Represents actions of a person’s legs or
eyes Laying down, jumping, falling, how you
walk, where you look etc.
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