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Sources: Marlow-Ferguson, Rebecca, and Chris Lopez “World Education Encyclopedia. A Survey of Educational Systems Worldwide”, 2nd ed. Farmington Hills: Gale Group, 2002, Decimus, AncientVine.com,”Alexandria The Pearl of the Meditteranean”,2013, http://www.ancientvine.com/alexandria_egypt.html. Ancient Egyptian Timeline for Children & Kids, http://www.history.timelines.org.uk. Kondos,Ramon,Your Egypt,“Timeline, A Chronology of key events in Egypt’s history”, 2009, http://www.youregypt.com/ehistory/timeline/. 1.Wikimedia Foundation, “Taha Hussein”updated Feb. 23, 2013.
7000 – 2686 BC Pharaonic Age
Higher Ed in Temple Higher
2950 -2575 BC Pyramid Age
Last Pharaoh 525 BC
332 BC Alexander the Great
conquers Great Library of
Alexandria formed
196 BC Rosetta Stone
carved
51 - 31 BC Cleopatra rules, commits suicide
30 BC – 640 AD Roman rule
642 AD Arab rule, Christian society turns Muslim
Arabic language adopted
868 – 1260 AD Dynasties rule, Turkish tribes rule & convert to
Islam
1517 Ottoman Empire
takes over
1250-1798 Mamluk & Turkish rule Education & life rapidly
declines
1798-1801 Napoleon invades, impacts
Egyptian life/French influence Records Egyptian history
1805-1848 Ottoman pasha
Muhammad Ali rules Creates dual ed system
1954 – 1970 Gamal Abdel Nasser
leads for Arab Socialism Expands education,
focus on Islamic values
1970-1981 Anwar Sadat
“Open Door Policy” changes hiring structure
Continues Nasser ed
1982 – 2011 Hosni Mubarak “Grand Revival”
Focus on national planning
2012 Muhammad Morsi
çBC ADèè
1950 Taha Hussein becomes (blind) Minister of Ed
Fights for literacy “Education is like the
air we breathe and the water we drink”1
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