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Annex 1: Election OensesWritten by AdministratorTuesday, 27 April 2010 - Last Updated on April 27, 2010
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By a Voter
Pre-Election Oenses Election Oenses
Making any false or untruthful statement regarding any of the data
or information required in the application for registration;
Registering anew without ling an application for cancellation of his
previous registration;
Registering in substitution for another whether with or without the
latter’s knowledge or consent;
Delivering, handing over, entrusting or giving, directly or indirectly
his voter’s identication card to another in consideration of money
or other benet of promise; or take or accept such voter’sidentication card, directly or indirectly, by giving or causing the
giving of money or other benet or making or causing the making of
a promise therefore;
Deadly
weapons (in the
polling place or aradius of 100
meter thereof);
Voting more
than once in the
same election,
or who, not
being a
registered
voter, votes in
an election;
Voting in
substitution for
another
whether with or
without the
latter’s
knowledge
and/or consent;
Share
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assuming oce, and
actually serving as a
member thereof by
any person who, being
ineligible for
appointment; xiii
Refusing to sign or
certify any election
form required by this
Code or prescribed by
the COMELEC
although he was
present during the
meeting of the said
body;
record a vote therein or
records erroneously the
votes as read, or records a
vote where no such vote has
been read by the chairman;
Any member of a board of
election inspectors who has
made possible the casting of
more votes than there are
registered voters; xvii
Deliberately absenting
himself from the meetings of
said body for the purpose of
obstructing or delaying the
performance of its duties or
functions, by any member of
the boards of electioninspectors and boards of
canvassers;
Tampering, increasing or
decreasing the votes
received by a candidate in
any election (election
sabotage);
Refusing, after proper
verication and hearing, to
credit the correct votes ordeduct such tampered votes
by any member of the board
of election inspectors or
board of canvassers;
Refusing to issue duly
accredited watchers the
certicate of votes provided
in Section 16 of Republica Act
No. 6466, by any member of
the board of election
inspectors or board of
canvassers.
print which bears an
image dierent from the
election return
produced after counting
and posting on the wall;
Failure to properly
distribute the copies of
ER;
Failure to count the
votes in public and
without interruption;
By a BOC Member
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Pre-Election Oenses Election Oenses Post-Election Oenses
Appointment of new
employees, creation of
new position, promotion,
or giving salary
increases;
Transfer of ocers andemployees in the civil
service;
Intervention of public
ocers and employees;
Use of Undue inuence;
Relieving any member of
any board of election
inspectors or board of canvassers, without
authority of the
COMELEC by any public
ocial or person acting
on his behalf;
Changing or causing the
change of the
assignments of any
member of any board
election inspectors or
board of canvassers,
without authority of the
COMELEC by any public
ocial or person acting
on his behalf;
Appointment or use of
special policemen,
special agents,
condential agents of
the like;
Illegal release of
prisoners before and
after election;
Use of public funds,
money deposited in
trust, equipment,
facilities owned or
controlled by the
Changing or causing the
change of the
assignments of any
member of any board of
election inspectors or
board of canvassers,without authority of the
COMELEC by any public
ocial or person acting
on his behalf;
Relieving any member of
any board of election
inspectors or board of
canvassers, without
authority of the COMELEC
by any public ocial orperson acting on his
behalf;
Changing or causing the
change of the
assignments of any
member of any board of
election inspectors or
board of canvassers,
without authority of the
COMELEC by any publicocial or person acting
on his behalf;
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government for an
election campaign;
Suspension of elective
provincial, city, municipal
or barangay ocer;
Appointing such
ineligible person to the
BEI or BOC knowing him
to be ineligible by any
public ocer or any
person acting on his
behalf;
Failing to post the voters’
list within the specied
time, duration and in the
designated location shall
constitute an election
oense on the part of the election ocer
concerned;
By Anyone
Pre-Election Oenses Election Oenses Post-Election
Oenses
Vote-buying and vote-selling;
Conspiracy to bribe voters;
Unlawful electioneering;
Dismissal of employees, laborers
or tenants;
Deliberately imprinting or causing
the imprinting of blurred orindistinct ngerprints on any of the
copies of the application for
registration or on the voters’
adavit;
Any person in charge of the
registration of voters who
deliberately or through negligence,
causes or allows the imprinting of
blurred or indistinct ngerprints on
Threats, intimidation,
terrorism, use of fraudulent
device or other forms of
coercion;
Coercion of election ocials
and employees;
Deadly weapons (in the polling place or a radius of
100 meters thereof);
Carrying rearms outside
residence of place of
business;
Use of armored land, water
or air craft; cxix
Wearing of uniforms and
bearing arms;
Conducting
oneself in
such a
disorderly
manner as
to interrupt
or disruptthe work or
proceedings
to the end
of
preventing
the board
of election
inspectors
or board of
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any of the aforementioned
registration forms;
Carrying rearms outside
residence or place of business;
Use of armored land, water or air
craft;
Wearing of uniforms and bearing
arms;
Policemen and provincial guards
acting as bodyguards or securit
guards;
Wagering upon result of election;
Organization or maintenance of
reaction forces, strike forces, or
other similar forces;
Release, disbursement or
expenditure of public funds;Construction of public works,
delivery of materials for public
works and issuance of treasury
warrants and similar devices;
Tampering with the ngerprints in
said registration records;
Tampering with or changing
without authority any data or entry
in any voters’ application for
registration;Delaying, hindering or obstructing
another from registering;
Falsely certifying or identifying
another as a bona de resident of
a particular place or locality for the
purpose of securing the latter’s
registration as a voter;
Placing, inserting or otherwise
including, as approved application
for registration in the book of
voters or in the provincial or
national central les of registered
voters, the application of any
ctitious voter or any application
that has not been approved;
Removing from, or otherwise
taking out of the book of voters or
the provincial or national central
les of registered voters any duly
Policemen and provincial
guards acting as bodyguards
or security guards;
Availing himself of any
means of scheme to discover
the contents of the ballot of
a voter who is preparing or
casting his vote or who has
just voted;
Arresting or detaining a voter
without lawful cause;
Molesting a voter in such a
manner as to obstruct or
prevent him from going to
the polling place to cast his
vote or from returning home
after casting his vote;
Compelling a voter to revealhow he voted;
Propagating false and
alarming reports or
information or transmits or
circulates false orders,
directives or messages
regarding any matter
relating to the printing of
ocial ballots, the
postponement of the election, the transfer of polling
place, or the general conduct
of the election, the transfer
of polling place of the
general conduct of the
election, for the purpose of
disrupting or obstructing the
election process or causing
confusion among the voters;
Destroying, substituting or
taking away from the
possession of those having
legal custody thereof, or
from the place where they
are legally deposited, any
election form or document
or ballot box which contains
ocial ballots or other
canvassers
during any
of its
meetings
from
performing
its
functions,
either partly
or totally;
Removing
or defacing
the ER
posted on
the wall;
Simulation
of anelection
return;
Simulation
of the
certication
in a print of
an election
return;
Refusing to
present forperusal its
copy of
election
return to
the board
of
canvassers,
by the
citizens’
arm;
Presenting
of
tampered
or spurious
ER by the
citizens’
arm;
Refusing or
failing to
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approved voters’ application,
except upon lawful order of the
COMELEC, or of a competent court
of after proper cancellation;
Transferring or causing the transfer
of the registration record of a voter
to the book of voters of another
polling place, unless said transfer
was ue to a change of address of
the voter and the voter was duly
notied of his new polling place;
Asking, demanding, taking,
accepting or possessing, directly or
indirectly, the voter’s adavit of
another, in order to induce the
latter to withhold his vote, or to
vote for or against any candidate inan election or any issue in a
plebiscite or referendum;
Delivering, handing over,
entrusting, giving directly or
indirectly his voter’s adavit to
another in consideration of money
or other benit or promises
thereof, or takes or accepts such
voter’s adavit directly or
indirectly, by giving or causing thegiving of money or other benet or
making or causing the making of a
promise thereof;
Altering in any manner, tearing,
defacing, removing or destroying
any certied list of voters;
Taking, carrying or possessing any
blank or unused registration form
already issued to a city or
municipality outside of said city or
municipality except as otherwise
provided in this Code or when
directed by express order of the
court or of the COMELEC;
Maliciously omitting, tampering or
transferring to another list the
name of a registered voter from
the ocial list of voters posted
outside the polling place;
documents used in the
election, without legal
authority;
Opening or destroying the
ballot box containing the
ocial ballots used in the
election or removes or
destroys its contents without
or against the order of the
COMELEC, by the person
having legal custody over
said box;
Enabling any person to open
or destroy the ballot box
containing the ocial ballots
used in the election or
remove or destroy its
contents without or againstthe order of the COMELEC,
or take away said ballot box
from his custody, by the
person having legal custody
of the ballot box containing
the ocial ballots used in
the election, through his
negligence;
Knowingly using ballots
other than the ocialballots, except in those cases
where the use of emergency
ballots is authorized, by any
member of the board of
election inspectors;
Revealing the contents of the
ballot of an illiterate or
disabled voter whom he
assisted in preparing a
ballot;
Transferring the location of a
polling place without
authority;
Distributing or causing any
ballot or ER that appears as
ocial ballots or ER to be
distributed for use in the
election, whether or not they
are actually used, without
provide the
dominant
majority
and
dominant
minority
parties or
the citizens’
arm their
copy of the
ER;
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Holding political conventions or
meetings to nominate its ocial
candidates earlier than the period
xed in the Omnibus Code;
Obstructing, destroying or
canceling any certicate of
candidacy duly led and which has
not been cancelled upon order of
the COMELEC;
Misleading the board of election
inspectors by submitting any false
or spurious certicate of candidacy
or document to the prejudice of a
candidate;
Receiving any certicate of
candidacy outside the period for
ling the same and making it
appear that said certicate of candidacy was led on
time by any person authorized to
receive certicates of candidacy;
Causing or compelling the
COMELEC of receiving any
certicate of candidacy outside the
period for ling the same and
making it appear that said
certicate of candidacy was led ontime by any person authorized to
receive certicates of candidacy, by
means of fraud, threat,
intimidation, terrorism or coercion;
Jamming, obstructing or interfering
with a radio or television broadcast
of any lawful political program by
any device or means;
Selling, furnishing, oering, buying,
serving or taking intoxicating liquor
on the days xed by law for the
registration of voters in the polling
place, or on the day before the
election or on election day;
Refusing to carry ocial election
mail matters free of charge during
the election period by any operator
or employee of a public utility or
authority;
Keeping, using or carrying
out or causing to be kept,
used or carried out, any
ocial ballot or ER or printed
proof thereof, typeform
mould, electrotype printing
plates and any other plate,
numbering machines and
other printing paraphernalia
being used in connection
with the printing of ocial
ballots or ER, without
authority;
Causing ballots or ER to be
printed in quantities
exceeding those authorized
by the COMELEC, by anyocial or employee of any
printing establishment or of
the COMELEC or any
member of the committee in
charge of the printing of
ocial ballots or ER;
Distributing, delivering, or in
any manner disposing of or
causing to be distributed,
delivered, or disposed of,any ocial ballot of ER to
any person or persons not
authorized by law or by the
COMELEC to receive or keep
ocial ballots or ER or who
sends or causes them to be
sent to any place not
designated by law or by the
COMELEC, by any ocial or
employee of any printing
establishment or of
COMELEC or any member of
the committee in charge of
the printing of ocial ballots
or ER;
Violating the integrity of any
ocial ballot or ER before or
after they are used in the
election;
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transportation company operating
under a certicate of public
convenience, including
government-owned or controlled
postal service or its employees or
deputized agents; (Refusal to
carry election mail matter)
Discriminating against any political
party, coalition or aggroupment of
parties or any candidate in the sale
of air time by any person who
operates a radio or television
station without justiable cause;
(Prohibition against
discrimination in the sale of air
time)
Violation of the provisions, or
pertinent portions, of the followingsections of the Omnibus Election
Code shall constitute election
oenses: Sections 9, 18, 74, 75, 76,
80, lxxxviii 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, lxxxix
86, 87, 88, 89, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99,
100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106
107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 122,
123, 127, 128, 129, 132, 134, 135,
145, 148, 150, 152, 172, 173, 174,
178, 180, 182, 184, 185, 186, 189,190, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 197,
198, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207,
208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214,
215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 223,
229, 230, 231, 233, 234, 235, 236,
239 and 240;
Causing the printing of ocial
ballots and ER by any printing
establishment which is not under
contract with the COMELEC and
any printing establishment which
undertakes such unauthorized
printing (election sabotage);
Violating Section 11 of Republic Act
No. 6466 regarding prohibited
forms of election propaganda;
Continuing to misrepresent
himself, or holding himself out, as a
candidate, such as by continuing to
Removing, tearing, defacing
or destroying any certied
list of candidates posted
inside the voting booths
during the hours of voting;
Removing, tearing, defacing
or destroying any certied
list of candidates posted
inside the voting booths
during the hours of voting;
Holding or causing the
holding of an election on any
other day than that xed by
law or by the COMELEC, or
stops any election being
legally held;Conducting oneself in such a
disorderly manner as to
interrupt or disrupt the work
or proceedings to the end of
preventing the board of
election inspectors or board
of canvassers during any of
its meetings from
performing its functions,
either partly or totally;Soliciting votes or
undertaking any
propaganda, on the day of
election, for or against any
candidate or any political
party within the polling place
or within a radius of 30
meters thereof;
Selling, furnishing, oering,
buying, serving or taking
intoxicating liquor on the
days xed by law for the
registration of voters in the
polling place, or on the day
before the election or on
election day;
Opening in any polling place
or within a radius of 30
meters thereof on election
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campaign thereafter by any person
declared a nuisance candidate as
dened under Section 69 of Batas
Pambansa Blg. 881, or is otherwise
disqualied, by nal and executory
judgment;
Knowingly inducing, or abetting, by
COMELEC or omission, such
misrepresentation or holding out
as a candidate of any person
declared a nuisance candidate as
dened under Section 69 of Batas
Pambansa Blg. 881 or otherwise
disqualied, by nal and executory
judgment;
Failing, without cause, to post or
give any of the notices or to make
any of the reports re-acquiredunder Republic Act No. 8189;
Issuing or causing the issuance of a
voter’s identication number or to
cancel or cause the cancellation
thereof in violation of the
provisions of Republic Act No.
8189;
Refusing the issuance of registered
voters their voter’s identication
card;Accepting an appointment, to
assume oce and to actually serve
as a member of the Election
Registration Board although
ineligible thereto;
Appointing such ineligible person
accept an appointment, to the
Election Registration Board;
Interfering with, impeding, abscond
for purpose of gain or to prevent
the installation or use of
computers and devices and the
processing, storage, generation,
and transmission of registration
data or information;
Gaining, causing access to use,
altering, destroying, or disclosing
any computer data, program,
system software, network, or any
day and during the counting
of votes, booths or stalls of
any kind for the sale,
dispensing or display of
wares, merchandise or
refreshments, whether solid
or liquid, or for any other
purposes;
Holding on election day fairs,
cockghts, boxing, horse
races, jai-alai or any other
similar sports;
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computer-related devices, facilities,
hardware or equipment, whether
classied or declassied;
Failing to provide certied voters
and deactivated voters list to
candidates and heads of
representatives of political parties
upon written request as provided
in Section 30 of Republic Act No.
8189; cv
Failing to include the approved
application form for registration of
a qualied voter in the book of
voters of a particular precinct or
the omission of the name of a duly
registered voter in the certied list
of voters of the precinct where he
is duly, registered resulting in hisfailure to cast his vote during an
election, plebiscite, referendum,
initiative and/or recall;
Posting of a list of voters outside or
at the door of a precinct on the day
of an election, plebiscite,
referendum, initiative and/or recall,
and which list is dierent in
contents from the certied list of
voters being used by the Board of Election Inspectors; cvii
Violating of the provisions of
Republic Act No. 8189;
Coercing, bribing, threatening,
harassing, intimidating, terrorizing,
or actually causing, inicting or
producing violence, injury,
punishment, torture, damage, loss
or disadvantage to discourage any
other person or persons from ling
a certicate of candidacy in order
to eliminate all other potential
candidate from running in a special
election;
Utilizing without authorization,
tampering with, destroying or
stealing: ocial ballots, ER, and
certicates of canvass of votes
used in the automated election
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system;
Utilizing without authorization,
tampering with, destroying or
stealing: Electronic devices or their
components, peripherals or
supplies used in the AES such as
counting machine, memory
pack/diskette, memory pack
receiver and computer set;
Interfering with, impeding,
absconding for purpose of gain,
preventing the installation or use
of computer counting devices and
the processing, storage, generation
and transmission of election
results, data or information;
Gaining or causing access to using,
altering, destroying or disclosingany computer data, program,
system software, network, or any
computer-related devices, facilities,
hardware or equipment, whether
classied or declassied;
Violation of Republic Act No. 9006
and the rules and regulations of
the COMELEC issued to implement
Republic Act No. 9006
END NOTES (Annex 1)
i
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (2).
ii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (5).
iii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (6).
iv
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (a).
v
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Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (p).
vi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (2).
vii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (3).
viii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (4).
ix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (6).
x
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (6).
xi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (24).
xii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (4).
xiii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (3); See also Section 3, Comelec Resolution 8786(4 March 2010).
xiv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (2).
xv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (8).
xvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (9).
xvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (10).
xviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (1);See also Section 15, Comelec Resolution 8809 (30 March 2010)
xix
Republic Act No. 6646 Section 27 (b), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 42.
xx
Republic Act No. 6646 Section 27 (b), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007) Section 42.
xxi
Republic Act No. 6646 Section 27 (c).
xxii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 212 (d).
xxiii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 212 (e).
xxiv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 212 (f).
xxv
Republic Act No. 7166 (1991), Section 27, as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 33.
xxvi
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Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 206, as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 35.
xxvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (3).
xxviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (aa) (1).
xxix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (aa) (2).
xxx
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (aa) (3).
xxxi
Bat
as Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (aa) (4).
xxxii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (1).
xxxiii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (2).
xxxiv
Republic Act No. 6646, Section 27 (b), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 42.
xxxv
Republic Act No. 6646, Section 27 (b), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007) Section 42.
xxxvi
Republic Act No. 7166, Section 25, as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 31.
xxxvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (g).
xxxviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (h).
xxxix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (i).
xl
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (j).
xli
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (5).
xlii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (5).
xliii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (m).
xliv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (n).
xlv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (o).
xlvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (x).
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xlvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (3),
xlviii
Republic Act No. 8436, Section 35 (g), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 28.
xlix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (5).
l
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (5).
li
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (bb) (5).
lii
Republic Act No. 6646, Section 27 (e).
liii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (a).
liv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (b).
lv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (k).
lvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (l).
lvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (3).
lviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (3).
lix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (q); see also Republic Act No. 7166 (1991), Section 32 for the
exceptions to this prohibition.
lx
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (r).
lxi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (s).
lxii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (t); see also Republic Act No. 7166 (1991), Section 33 for the
exceptions to this prohibition .
lxiii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (c).
lxiv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (u).
lxv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (v).
lxvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (w).
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lxvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (3).
lxviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (7).
lxix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (8).
lxx
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (9).
lxxi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (11).
lxxii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (11).
lxxiii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (12).
lxxiv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (13).
lxxv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (14).
lxxvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (15).
lxxvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (16).
lxxviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (y) (17).
lxxix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (cc) (1).
lxxx
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (cc) (2).
lxxxi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (cc) (3).
lxxxii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (cc) (4).
lxxxiii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (cc) (4).
lxxxiv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (cc) (5).
lxxxv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (dd) (1).
lxxxvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (dd) (4).
lxxxvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (dd) (5).
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lxxxviii
See Penera v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 181613, 25 November, 2009; See also Republic Act No. 8436, Section 15, as
amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007),
Section 13.
lxxxix
Repealed by Republic Act No. 9006, Section 14; See Republic Act No. 6646, Section 11 for additional prohibited
forms of election propaganda.
xc
Amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 35.
xci
Amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 32.
xcii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 262.
xciii
Republic Act No. 6646, Section 27 (a).
xciv
Republic Act No. 6646, Section 27 (a).
xcv
Republic Act No. 6646, Section 27 (d).
xcvi
Republic Act No. 6646, Section 27 (f).
xcvii
Republic Act No. 6646, Section 27 (f).
xcviii
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (b).
xcix
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (c).
c
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (c).
ci
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (d).
cii
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (d).
ciii
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (e).
civ
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (f).
cv
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (g).
cvi
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (h).
cvii
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Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (i).
cviii
Republic Act No. 8189, Section 45 (j).
cix
Republic Act No. 8295, Section 5.
cx
Republic Act No. 8436, Section 35 (a)(1), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 28.
cxi
Republic Act No. 8436, Section 35 (a) (2), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 28.
cxii
Republic Act No. 8436, Section 35 (b), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 28.
cxiii
Republic Act No. 8436, Section 35 (c), as amended by Republic Act No. 9369 (2007), Section 28.
cxiv
Republic Act No. 9006, Section 13.
cxv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (d).
cxvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (f).
cxvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (p).
cxviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (q); see also Republic Act No. 7166(1991), Section 32 for the
exceptions to this prohibition.
cxix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (r).
cxx
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (s).
cxxi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (t); see also Republic Act No. 7166 (1991), Section 33 for the
exceptions to this prohibition.
cxxii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (5).
cxxiii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (7).
cxxiv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (7).
cxxv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (7).
cxxvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (11).
cxxvii
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Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (12).
cxxviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (13).
cxxix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (13).
cxxx
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (14).
cxxxi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (16).
cxxxii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (17).
cxxxiii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (18).
cxxxiv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (18).
cxxxv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (19).
cxxxvi
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (20).
cxxxvii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (20).
cxxxviii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (21); see also Comelec Resolution 8786 (4 March 2010), Section 30
(e).
cxxxix
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (22).
cxl
Batas Pamba
nsa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (z) (23).
cxli
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985). Section 261 (bb) (4).
cxlii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (cc) (6).
cxliii
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (dd) (1).
cxliv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (dd) (2).
cxlv
Batas Pambansa Blg. 881 (1985), Section 261 (dd) (3).
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