Animals Basic reference: Chapters 32 - 35 Taxonomy: Kingdom Animalia contains well over 30 phyla...

Animals

Animals

Basic reference: Chapters 32 - 35

Taxonomy: Kingdom Animalia contains well over 30 phyla basic categories:

invertebrates - animals without a backbone

vertebrates - animals with a backbone

Comparison of numbers…..

Invertebrates (99%)

Vertebrates (1%)

We’re in the minority!!

While vertebrates tend to be larger animals, there are many more species of invertebrates!!

Studying Animal Groups…..

Typical animal characteristics

Review of symmetry

Review of invertebrate groups

Typical Characteristics of Animals

heterotrophs have mobility by way of muscle cells multicellular cell features:

• eukaryotic• diploid (with haploid sex cells)• flexible cells that lack cell walls• most have cells arranged into tissues• property of cell recognition

ingest (eat), then digest their food most reproduce sexually

most form a blastula during early development, with later development of 3 primary (germ) tissue layers

(p. 625)

most have a definite body plan

*** Structure is related to lifestyle and function.

symmetry - arrangement of body parts(see p. 624)

Kinds of symmetry:• asymmetrical• radial symmetry• bilateral symmetry

have dorsal and ventral surfaces have anterior and posterior ends show cephalization - concentration of nervous tissue

at the anterior end of an organism

Nature of the Coelom

Kinds of symmetry?

Identify each of the following organisms as to their symmetry:

Porifera Examples: sponges

Cnidaria Examples: jellyfish, hydra, sea anemones, and corals

Platyhelminthes (flatworms)

Examples: planarian, tapeworms, and flukes

Nematoda (roundworms) Examples: nematodes, Ascaris, Necator (hookworm), and

Trichinella

Rotifera

Examples: rotifers

Mollusca Examples: clams, snails, oysters, octopuses, and

cuttlefishes

Annelids Examples: earthworms and leeches

Arthropoda Examples: insects, arachnids, crustaceans

Echinodermata

Examples: sea stars, sea urchins, and sand dollars

Invertebrate chordates Examples: tunicates and lancelets

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