View
34
Download
0
Category
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Ancient African Kingdoms. World History I. BENIN Government. Forest people Kings known as Obas Women – held own councils, religious ceremonies. Fact or Fiction?. Some stories say the chiefs invited Oranyan from Ife to become the leader. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Ancient African Ancient African KingdomsKingdoms
World History IWorld History I
BENIN BENIN GovernmentGovernment
Forest peopleForest people Kings known as ObasKings known as Obas Women – held own councils, Women – held own councils,
religious ceremoniesreligious ceremonies
Fact or Fiction?Fact or Fiction?
Some stories say the chiefs invited Some stories say the chiefs invited Oranyan from Ife to become the Oranyan from Ife to become the leader. leader.
Oranyan stayed long enough to Oranyan stayed long enough to father a child and leave. This child father a child and leave. This child became King Eweka. became King Eweka.
Oba EwuareOba Ewuare
15th century 15th century leader Oba leader Oba Ewuare began Ewuare began rule that father rule that father should be should be succeeded by succeeded by son. son.
He set up a He set up a system of checks system of checks and balances.and balances.
Growth of BeninGrowth of Benin
Benin citizens Benin citizens became wealthybecame wealthy
Because they Because they were wealthy…were wealthy…
Ghana Ghana A Sahelian KingdomA Sahelian Kingdom
African people, like the Berbers, formed African people, like the Berbers, formed a new kingdom called Ghana or Akwara new kingdom called Ghana or Akwar
Twin CitiesTwin Cities
Built capital – Built capital – Kumbi Saleh -on Kumbi Saleh -on the edge of the the edge of the SaharaSahara Kings and officers Kings and officers People living in six People living in six
miles betweenmiles between
Says who? I do…Says who? I do…
Ruled by a hereditary king called Ruled by a hereditary king called “Ghana” “Ghana”
King in charge of military and was King in charge of military and was supreme judge – believed to be supreme judge – believed to be partly divine and able to talk with partly divine and able to talk with godsgods
TradeTrade
King claimed to own all gold nuggets and King claimed to own all gold nuggets and others could only trade for gold dustothers could only trade for gold dust
Tremendously strong in tradeTremendously strong in trade
Life in GhanaLife in Ghana
King had 200,000 warriorsKing had 200,000 warriors Kingdom never converted to Islam Kingdom never converted to Islam
but allowed Muslims to stay therebut allowed Muslims to stay there Around 1075, Berbers (the Around 1075, Berbers (the
Almorvids) declared a holy war Almorvids) declared a holy war (jihad) on Ghana(jihad) on Ghana
Berbers controlled for 10 years Berbers controlled for 10 years before Ghana took back control before Ghana took back control
In closing…In closing…
Ghana was never as strongGhana was never as strong The Almorvids never recovered and The Almorvids never recovered and
fell apart into separate chiefdoms fell apart into separate chiefdoms again; however, many believe a again; however, many believe a magician came and started the Mali magician came and started the Mali Kingdom…Kingdom…
MaliMaliSecond Great Sahelian Second Great Sahelian
KingdomKingdom Historical founder Historical founder
was magician, was magician, Sundiata, who Sundiata, who ruled from 1230-ruled from 1230-12551255 11 of his brothers 11 of his brothers
were murdered so were murdered so Mali wouldn’t Mali wouldn’t threaten Ghanathreaten Ghana
The Battle at KirinaThe Battle at Kirina
Sundiata fought for a new kingdom Sundiata fought for a new kingdom while Sumanguru fought to keep while Sumanguru fought to keep Ghana in powerGhana in power
Battle of Sorcery OutcomeBattle of Sorcery Outcome
Blasts from the PastBlasts from the Past
Most significant Most significant of Mali kings was of Mali kings was Mansa Musa Mansa Musa (1312-1337)(1312-1337)
Established Established TimbuktuTimbuktu
DownfallDownfall
Berbers disrupted peace in 1430 – Berbers disrupted peace in 1430 – region of Gao fell apartregion of Gao fell apart
Led to rise of Songhai kingdomLed to rise of Songhai kingdom
SonghaiSonghai Managed thousands of Managed thousands of
culturescultures Was the largest empire in Was the largest empire in
African historyAfrican history Gao was Songhai’s capitalGao was Songhai’s capital Had originally competed Had originally competed
with Mali for controlwith Mali for control
Ali the TerrorAli the Terror
Sonny Ali was a Sunni king (1464-Sonny Ali was a Sunni king (1464-1492)1492) Ruthless tyrantRuthless tyrant Very strong militarilyVery strong militarily Ali captured Timbuktu and Jenne Ali captured Timbuktu and Jenne Pushed Berbers northPushed Berbers north
Askia Muhammad ToureAskia Muhammad Toure
Succeeded Ali Succeeded Ali established new established new
dynastydynasty Expanded empireExpanded empire
Toure de ForceToure de Force
Toure established Toure established an elaborate an elaborate governmentgovernment Appointed Muslim Appointed Muslim
judges to run under judges to run under Islamic legal Islamic legal principlesprinciples
Great Zimbabwe Great Zimbabwe “Mwenemutapa”“Mwenemutapa”
Includes present-Includes present-day Zimbabweday Zimbabwe
Surrounded by Surrounded by huge, elliptical huge, elliptical stone walls made stone walls made without any mortarwithout any mortar
TradeTrade ExportsExports Traded with Traded with
China, Persia and China, Persia and IndiaIndia
Cities grewCities grew
Truly AfricanTruly African
Considered by Considered by historians to be historians to be truly Africantruly African
Divine KingDivine King
King was considered divineKing was considered divine Kingdom weakened by internal Kingdom weakened by internal
brotherly quarrels beginning in the brotherly quarrels beginning in the 1500s1500s
Box ScoreBox Score
Kush – 750 – 350 A.D.Kush – 750 – 350 A.D. Ghana – 500 – 1235 C.E.Ghana – 500 – 1235 C.E. Mali – 1235 – 1468Mali – 1235 – 1468 Benin – 1000 – 1700Benin – 1000 – 1700 Songhai – 1468 – 1591Songhai – 1468 – 1591 Great Zimbabwe – 1000 – 1500Great Zimbabwe – 1000 – 1500
Recommended