AN INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION

AN INTRODUCTIONTO

CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION

CHEMICALS IN THE WORKPLACE

ESTIMATED 575,000 EXISTING CHEMICAL PRODUCTS

HUNDREDS INTRODUCED EACH YEAR

CHEMICALS IN THE WORKPLACE

INFORMATION IS THE BEST DEFENSE AGAINST HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

AND

POTENTIALLY SERIOUS HEALTH EFFECTS

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION’S

HAZARDCOMMUNICATION STANDARD

“HAZCOM”29 CFR 1910.1200

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. SCOPE AND APPLICATION

2. DEFINITIONS

3. HAZARD DETERMINATION

4. WRITTEN HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM

5. LABELS

6. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS)

7. EMPLOYEE INFORMATION AND TRAINING

8. TRADE SECRETS

9. APPENDICES

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. SCOPE AND APPLICATION

a. Who does the standard apply to?

b. Relation to the Laboratory standard

c. Labeling exemptions

d. Exemptions from the standard

e. State issues

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. SCOPE AND APPLICATION

d. Exemptions from the standardHazardous wasteTobacco productsWood productsArticlesFood, drugs, cosmeticsConsumer productsPesticidesSealed containers

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. DEFINITIONS

Article

Chemical

Combustible liquid/compressed

gas/flammable liquid/flashpoint

Health hazard

Physical hazard

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

1. DEFINITIONS

ArticleA manufactured item

1. Formed to a specific shape or design

2. Which has end use functions dependent

in whole/part upon its shape or design

3. Does not release - result in exposure

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

3. HAZARD DETERMINATION

a. Established procedure

b. Appendix A and B

c. Documentation

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

4. WRITTEN HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM

a. Employer to developb. Elements

WrittenHazard determinationLabelingTrainingInventoryMSDS’sNon-routine tasks and contractors

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

5. LABELS

a. Manufacturer labeling requirement

b. Employer labeling requirement

c. Labeling exemptions

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

6. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS’S)

a. Manufacturer requirementsMSDS developmentRequired informationBlanksMixtures with similar hazardsChanges in informationProvide to employersDistributor responsibility

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

6. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (continued)

a. Employer requirementsAccessibilityRetentionTraveling EmployeesMissing/inadequate MSDS’s

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

7. EMPLOYEE INFORMATION AND TRAINING

a. When providied?

b. Specific versus general training

c. Minimum topics

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

8. TRADE SECRETS

a. What is a trade secret?

b. Who may request information?

c. Denial of requests

HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS

9. APPENDICES

a. Health Hazard Definitions

b. Hazard Determination

c. Information Sources

d. Definition of Trade Secret

AN INTRODUCTIONTO

THE PRINCIPLES OF

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

HISTORICAL RECOGNITIONOF

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS

PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS

GEORGIUS AGRICOLA OBSERVED IN GERMAN MINING

OPERATIONS OF 1556

“... THE AIR..WEIGHS HEAVILY ON THE MINERS, CAUSING

THEM TO BREATHE WITH DIFFICULTY, AND SOMETIMES

THEY ARE EVEN SUFFOCATED...”

PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS

BERNARDO RAMAZZINI OBSERVATIONS IN 1713

- PAINTERS, “... SEIZED FIRST WITH PALSY..SPASMS PAIN

IN THE STOMACH .. (HE) WAS IN THE HABIT OF

SQUEEZING THE COLOR FROM HIS BRUSH WITH HIS

FINGERS .. AND .. SUCK(ING) IT.”

- POTTERS, “... PALSIED HANDS, ‘CADAVEROUS’ FACE

WITH THE COLOR OF LEAD ... CARRIES NUMBNESS INTO

THEIR BLOOD ... AND CRUCIFIES THEIR HANDS..”

PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS

ALICE HAMILTON

ILLINOIS DISEASE COMMISSION 1910

PROBLEMS OF ENAMEL PAINT OVER METAL BATHTUBS

AND THE IMPORTANCE OF BREATHING LEAD-LADDEN

AIR

“... (WORKERS) ... NO IDEA THAT THE HARMLESS LOOKING

STUFF WAS POISONOUS ...”

PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS

ONCE WE RECOGNIZE THE PROBLEM, HOW BIG OF A

PROBLEM IS IT, AND HOW DO WE EVALUATE IT ??

EVALUATING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISKS

AMOUNT AND TIME

DOSE MAKES THE POISON - TABLE SALT EXAMPLE

ADULT AMOUNT TIME EFFECT

SMALL LONG NONE

LARGE SHORT DEATH

PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS

THE FINAL QUESTION:

WE RECOGNIZE IT AS A PROBLEM,

WE KNOW THAT IT IS A SERIOUS PROBLEM,

WHAT DO WE DO TO CONTROL THE PROBLEM???

THE HISTORICAL RESPONSE TO WORKPLACE HAZARDS

ENGLISH FACTORY ACTS 1833 PROVIDE COMPENSATION

FOR ACCIDENTS

WORKER COMPENSATION LAWS IN U.S. START IN 1911

U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE INVESTIGATIONS, 1900’S

FEDERAL EMPLOYEE HEALTH SERVICES, 1933

MINING SAFETY ACT OF 1956

COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT OF 1969

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION

1970

THE PRINCIPLES OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ARE BASED UPON

ANTICIPATING,RECOGNIZING,EVALUATING,CONTROLLING

WORKPLACE HAZARDS

CATEGORIES OF WORKPLACE HAZARDS

PHYSICAL

ERGONOMIC

BIOLOGICAL

CHEMICAL

THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS

TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE

Dusts Millions of Particles per cubic footMineral - SandOrganic - grains Mass per unit of air

(Milligram/cubic meter

of air - mg/m3)

THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS

TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE

Mists Mass per unit of air

Acid Mist Milligram/cubic meter

of air - mg/m3

THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS

TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE

Fumes Mass per unit of air

Welding Milligram/cubic meter

of air - mg/m3

THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS

TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE

Fibers Mass per unit of air

Cotton Dust Milligram/cubic meter

of air - mg/m3

orAsbestos Fibers per unit of air

fibers/cubic centimeter of air - f/cc

THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS

TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE

Gases Parts per million parts of air - ppm

Carbon Monoxide ppm

THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS

TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE

Vapors Parts per million parts of air - ppmSolvent

or

mass per unit of air

(milligrams/cubic meter of air - mg/m3)

CHEMICAL ACCESS ROUTES TO THE BODY

MOUTH/NOSE - BREATHE IT IN - RESPIRATORY TRACT

SKIN - TOUCH THE SKIN - ABSORPTION

MOUTH - EAT OR DRINK - GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

EVALUATING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES (TLV’s)

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS (PEL’s)

EVALUATING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES (TLV’s) OF THE AMERICAN

CONFERENCE OF GOVERNMENTAL INDUSTRIAL

HYGIENISTS

A NON-MANDATORY PROFESSIONAL

GUIDELINE FOR CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

EVALUATING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES (TLV’s) CONCEPT

AIRBORNE CONCENTRATION LIMITS OF SUBSTANCES

UNDER WHICH NEARLY ALL WORKERS MAY BE

REPEATLY EXPOSED WITHOUT ADVERSE EFFECT

CONTROLLING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION SUBPART Z,

1910.1000

THE LAW

CONTROLLING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS - ELEMENTS &

EXAMPLES

TIME WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIMITS - TWA

NORMAL 8 HOUR DAY

SHORT TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT - STEL

SHORT PERIOD OF TIME WITHOUT SUFFERING IRRITATION,

CHRONIC/IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE

CONTROLLING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS - ELEMENTS &

EXAMPLES

CEILING LIMITS

A LIMIT THAT SHOULD NOT BE EXCEEDED

SKIN NOTATION

POTENTIAL EXPOSURE VIA SKIN ROUTE

CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF SELECT CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

HEALTH STANDARDS AND PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE

LIMITS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

ADMINISTRATION FOR SELECT CHEMICALS

SUBPART Z, 1910.1001-1450

CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF SELECT CHEMICAL EXPOSURES

SUBPART Z, 1910.1001-1450

CHEMICAL MATERIAL WORKPLACE EXPOSURES

ARSENIC BLOODBORNE PATHOGEN

ASBESTOS CHEMICAL HYGIENE FOR

CADMIUM LABORATORIES

COTTON DUST HAZARD COMMUNICATION

FORMALDEHYDE

LEAD

BIS CHLOROMETHYL ETHER

CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF ASBESTOS - SUBPART Z, 1910.1001

EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT

PEL 0.1 FIBERS/cc

MONITORING

INITIAL

PERIODIC

REGULATED AREA

AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL

NO SMOKING, EATING, DRINKING, ETC.

WARNING SIGNS, LABELS

CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF ASBESTOS - SUBPART Z, 1910.1001

WORK PRACTICES

WET METHODS

HOUSEKEEPING

HEPA VACUUMING, NO COMPRESSED AIR

PERIODIC

METHOD OF COMPLIANCE

ENGINEERING AND WORK PRACTICES

RESPIRATORS

WRITTEN PROGRAM

CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF ASBESTOS - SUBPART Z, 1910.1001

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

HYGIENE FACILITIES AND PRACTICES

INFORMATION AND TRAINING

MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE

RECORDKEEPING