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http://www.nt.gov.au/health/healthdev/health_promotion/bushbook/volume2/chap1/body_alcohol.gif
• 14 million people in the United States suffer from alcoholism
• Long term drinking can lead to Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
Knowledge Base-Alcohol
http://www.drgaryseeman.com/800px-Ethanol-3D-balls.png
Ethanol Alcohol- CH3CH2OH
http://www.jpp.krakow.pl/journal/archive/1203_s4/gfx/rys16_2.jpg
Alcohols Effect on the Brain
Heberlein, Ulrike. "Genetics of Alcohol-Induced Behaviors in Drosophila." (2000).
http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh24-3/185-188.pdf
Inebriometer• Found that
Drosophila have similar intoxication patterns to humans
Laurie, C. C. "Genetic basis of the difference in alcohol dehydrogenase expression between Drosophila
melanogaster and Drosophila simulans." (1990). • Found that flies can develop tolerance to alcohol
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=55235&blobtype=pdf
Adh gene and fragments
Moore, Monica. "Ethanol Intoxication in Drosophila:Genetic and Pharmacological Evidence
for Regulation by the cAMP Signaling Pathway." (1998).
• Found that the cAMP signaling system plays a role in meditating alcohols affects
http://www.northwestern.edu/neurobiology/faculty/allada2/gbbpapers/MooreHeberlein98.pdf
Comparison between Control and chpd Drosophila
Control and chpd
LaFerriere, 2008 "Genetic Dissociation of Ethanol Sensitivity and Memory Formation in Drosophila melanogaster
• Relation between ethanol sensitivity and learning mechanisms in Drosophila
• Laferriere, Holly, and Douglas J. Guarnieri. "Genetic Dissociation of Ethanol Sensitivity and Memory Formation in Drosophila melanogaster." (2008). Genetics. <http://www.genetics.org/cgi/content/full/178/4/1895/>.
Heat Box Test
http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/9/5/349.full.pdf
HypothesisNull : The ethanol exposure will have no effect on the short term memory of Drosophila melanogaster.
Alternate: The Drosophila exposed to ethanol will have impaired short term memory, and the Drosophila who are not, will not (LaFerriere, 08).
Purpose
• The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate the effects of alcohol exposure on short term memory in drosophila.
MethodologyAlcohol’s Effect on Short term Memory In Drosophila
Canton S- flies never exposed to alcohol
Canton S flies exposed to 200 proof ethanol
Flies shocked for 60-second intervals, 4 times, with 10 minutes in between, while simultaneously being pumped 3-octanol
5 hours later, the flies are lowered between 3-octanol (familiar scent) and 4- methycyclihexanol (unfamiliar), those that move away from the 3-oct are said to have formed short-term memory.
Data analyzed using a performance index, to show learning, and Chi Squared, to show the significance between the expected and observed data.
Flies placed at top of inebriometer while being pumped 200 proof ethanol, time elapsed for flies to reach bottom is measured
Budget
Vendor Cat # PageDescription QuantityUnit PriceToal priceCarolina 86-1283 811 95% Ethanol 3 $23.50 $70.50Lab Grass Telefactor S48 Square Pulse Stimulator 1Lab 1-millimeter flexible circut board 2Lab Elevator 1Lab Inebriometer 1
Do ability
• Olfactory training and testing apparatus is already in the lab
• Inebriometer is available in the lab• Training and testing process for
memory is already known
Bibliography• "Alcohol." McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology. 8th ed. Pennsylvania: McGraw-Hill, 1997. 396-401. • “Alcohol Damages Day-to-Day Memory Function”. 2009. The New York Times.
<http://alcoholism.about.com/cs/dementia/a/blacer030617.htm>• "Alcohol Dementia." 2009. The New York Times. <http://alcoholism.about.com/od/dementia/Alcohol_Dementia.htm>• Bayard, Max. "Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome - March 15, 2004 - American Family Physician." American Academy of
Family Physicians. 2004. 25 May 2009 <http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040315/1443.html>.• Ericson, Nels. "Substance Abuse:The Nation’s Number One Health Problem." 2001. U.S. Department of Justice.
<http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/fs200117.pdf>.• Farr, Susan. "Drinking for just eight weeks impairs learning and memory in mice." Science, Industry and Business: the
innovations-report. 15 May 2009 <http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/life_sciences/report-45402.html>. • Grant B, Harford TC, Dawson DA, et al. Prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence, United States 1992. Alcohol
Health & Research World 18(3). 1994.• Heberlein, Ulrike, Fred W. Wolf, Adrian Rothenfluh and Douglas J. Guarnier, “Molecular Genetic Analysis of Ethanol
Intoxication In Drosophila Melangaster” Department of Anatomy and Program in Neuroscience. 2004. • Laferriere, Holly, and Douglas J. Guarnieri. "Genetic Dissociation of Ethanol Sensitivity and Memory Formation in
Drosophila melanogaster." (2008). Genetics. <http://www.genetics.org/cgi/content/full/178/4/1895/>.
• Laurie, C. C. "Genetic basis of the difference in alcohol dehydrogenase expression between Drosophila melanogaster and
Drosophila simulans." (1990). • Miller, Loren L., and Michael P. Dolan. "SpringerLink - Journal Article." SpringerLink Home - Main. 1973.
<http://www.springerlink.com/content/u0161w1781274g83/>.• Moore, Monica, and Jim DeZazzo. "Ethanol Intoxication in Drosophila:Genetic and Pharmacological Evidence for
Regulation by the cAMP Signaling Pathway." (1998). <http://www.northwestern.edu/neurobiology/faculty/allada2/gbbpapers/MooreHeberlein98.pdf>.
• Mumenthaler. “Martin Gender Differences in Moderate drinking effect alcohol Health & Research World” 1999. • Sullivan Ashburner. “Hawley, Drosophila Protocols.” Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. 1996.• Windberg,Jan Olof “Drosophila Melanogaster Alcohol Dehydrogenase: Pridyct- Inhibition.” 1994.
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