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AKS 47:World War IIChapter 32 – Pages 925-951
The HolocaustWho…? …were the victims of the Holocaust?
Non-Aryan peoples, primarily Jews, but also Gypsies, Slavs, etc.
The HolocaustWho…? …were members of the “master race”?
Aryans
The signs read:
“Germans! Defend Yourselves! Do not buy from Jews!”
The HolocaustWhat…? …were the Nuremberg Laws?
German laws depriving Jews of rights to citizenship & jobs
The HolocaustWhat…?
…happened on the night of November 9, 1938?On Kristallnacht, the
Nazis launched a violent attack on Jewish communities all over Germany
The HolocaustWhat…?
…was Hitler’s “Final Solution”?Systematic killing
of entire groups of people, particularly Jews, whom the Nazis saw as inferior
The HolocaustWhere…? …did German Jews try to migrate to find
safety from Nazi terror?France, Britain, USA, & other countries
The HolocaustWhere…? …were Jews forced to live in German-
controlled cities? In ghettos – segregated Jewish areas
The HolocaustWhere…? …were the concentration camps?
Mainly in Germany & Poland
The HolocaustWhy…? …did Hitler believe that Jews & other
“subhumans” had to be exterminated?To protect the purity of the Aryan race
The HolocaustWhy…?
…did the Germans build extermination camps?To carry out mass
murders in huge gas chambers
The HolocaustWhen…? …did the final stage of the Final Solution
begin?Early 1942
The HolocaustHow…? …did non-Jewish people try to save Jews
from the horrors of Nazism?By hiding Jews in their homes or helping them
escape to neutral countries
Anne Frank
The HolocaustHow…? …many Jews died in the Holocaust?
Approximately 6,000,000
Nuremberg Trials Nazis put on trial for crimes against
humanity (events of Holocaust) Goal was to punish Nazi officials using
a democratic system
Japanese Internment Camps in the United States Japanese-Americans placed in camps Why? – feared they were enemies or spies
after bombing at Pearl Harbor
Tehran ConferenceWhen? November 28 – December 1, 1943
Tehran ConferenceMembers Present?
Franklin Roosevelt {USA} Winston Churchill {Britain} Joseph Stalin {USSR}
Tehran ConferencePurpose of Meeting? Coordinate military strategy against
Germany & Japan Decide on important issues of post-WWII
era
Tehran ConferencePurpose of Meeting? Coordination of D-Day invasion Poland’s post-war borders First discussions about splitting up Germany into
zones of occupation First discussions of the future United Nations
between Stalin and FDR
*Many issues left for final decisions at later conferences
Yalta ConferenceWhen? February 4-11, 1945
Yalta ConferenceMembers Present? Franklin Roosevelt {USA} Winston Churchill {Britain} Joseph Stalin {USSR}
Yalta ConferencePurpose of Meeting? Make final decisions about the end of the
war.
Yalta ConferenceWhat was decided? Divide Germany into 4 zones controlled by
Allied military forces. Germany must pay the USSR. Stalin agreed to join war against Japan 90
days after the end of the war in Europe. Stalin promised free elections in Eastern
Europe.
Potsdam ConferenceMembers Present?
THE BIG THREE
Potsdam ConferencePurpose of Meeting? Clarify agreements from Yalta
Potsdam ConferenceWhat was decided? Potsdam Declaration
Unconditional surrender of JapanJapanese disarmament, establishment of
democratic governmentPostwar European borders (especially
Poland)
Formation of the United NationsThe Beginning Stalin & FDR secretly discussed ideas for
U.N. at Tehran Conference 1944: Britain, China, USSR, & met in D.C.
& drafted the 1st charter
Formation of the United NationsFirst Meeting April 1945 in San Francisco Delegates from 50 nations worked for 2
months to develop the official charter
Formation of the United NationsDetails & Purpose
Purpose: peacekeeping organization designed to protect its members against aggression
Permanent Members of Security Council:USA, Britain, USSR, France, China
Marshall Plan for EuropeWho…? …proposed the plan?
U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall
Marshall Plan for EuropeWhen…? …did he propose the plan?
1947
Marshall Plan for EuropeWhat…?
…did he propose the U.S. needed to do?Give aid to needy European countriesProvide food, machinery, & other materials
to rebuild Western Europe & stop Soviet expansion
Truman signs Marshall Plan
MacArthur’s Plan for JapanDemilitarization Disbanded Japanese armed forces Left Japanese with small police force
MacArthur’s Plan for JapanDemocratization Created a gov’t elected by the people Set up a constitutional monarchy b/c
Japanese wanted to keep emperor
MacArthur’s Plan for JapanOther Reforms Land ownership was expanded Independent labor unions had the right to
form Increase participation of workers &
farmers in new democracy
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